Ch bin mt ong bng siu m

Ch bin mt ong bng siu m

Mt ong c nhu cu ln nh thc phm v y hc. Siu m x l l mt phng tin hiu qu tiu dit thnh phn khng mong mun, chng hn nh tinh th v nm men cc t bo trong mt ong. L mt cng ngh ch bin nhit, n gy ra tng HMF thp v duy tr tt hn ca diastase, mi hng v hng v.Nn

Mt ong l nht cao sn phm c trng hng v v hng thm, mu sc v kt cu.

Mt ongbao gmng, fructose, nc, maltose, triaccharides v khc carbohydrates, sucrose, khong cht, protein, vitamin venzyme,nm men v cc vi sinh vt chu nhitv mt lng nh cc axit hu c)Xem biu bn phi). Mc cao ca Tetracycline, hp cht phenolic v hydrogen peroxide trong mt ong cho l tnh cht khng khun.

Enzyme

Mt ong c cha tinh bt tiu ha enzym.Enzyme rt nhy cm vi nhitv do phc v nh l mtch s mt ong cht lngv mc x l nhit. Enzyme chnh bao gminvertaza(-glucosidase),diastase(-amylase) vglucose oxidase. y l nhng cht dinh dng quan trng enzyme. Diastase hydrolyses carbohydrate cho d dng tiu ha. Invertaza hydrolyses Sucroza v maltose glucoza v fructoza. Glucose oxidase glucose catalyses mu axt gluconic v hydrogen peroxide. Mt ong cng cha catalase v axit phosphatase. Hot ng ca enzyme thng c o bng diastase hot ng v c th hin trong mtdiastase s (DN). Mt ong tiu chun ch nh mt DN ti thiu 8 trong ch bin mt ong.

Nm men v vi sinh vt

Chit xut mt ong c cha vt liu khng mong mun, chng hn nhnm men(ni chung osmophillic tui, Phng chu ng) v khcvi sinh vt chu nhit. H c trch nhim cho cch hngmt ong trong lu tr. Mt s nm men cao dn n mt nhanh chngln menmt ong. Tc ln men mt ong cng l tng quan n nc/m. Mt ni dung m ca 17% c coi l mt mc an ton cholc nm men hot ng. Mt khc, c hikt tinhtng vi gim m. Mt s nm men 500cfu/ml hoc t hn c coi l mt mc chp nhn c v mt thng mi.

Kt tinh / ht

Mt ong t nhin kt tinhv n l mtsupersaturatedng gii php, vi nhiu hn mt ni dung 70% ng so vi hm lng nc khong 18%. Ccng mt cch t nhin kt tara khi nh nc supersaturated, thng qua mt nc nh n tr thnh mt nh nc n nh hn bo ha ca glucose monohydrat. iu ny dn n s hnh thnh ca hai giai on mt giai on cht lng trn u trang v mt hnh thc tinh th vng chc hn di y. Cc tinh th to thnh mt li, m immobilizes cc thnh phn khc ca mt ong trong nh ch, v th to ra mtphobang)Hi ng quc gia mt ong, nm 2007). Kt tinh hoc ht l khng mong mun v n l mtCc vn nghim trng trong ch binv tip th ca mt ong. Ngoi ra, kt tinh gii hn dng chy ca mt ong cha qua ch bin ra khi container lu tr.

Heat-TreatmentSau khi khai thc, lc v mt ong tri qua iu tr nhit gim m v tiu dit nm men. Nhit gipliquefy tinh thtrong mt ong. Mc d, heat-treatment c th c hiu qu gim m gim, lm gim s chm tr kt tinh v tiu dit t bo nm men hon ton, n thc hin cngdn n s suy gim sn phm. H thng sitng mc ca hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)ng k. Mc ti a cho php theo lut nh HMF l 40mg/kg. Hn na,H thng si lm gim enzym(v d nh diastase) hot ng vnh hng n cht lng gicvlm gim th trngmt ong. X l nhit darkens mt ong t nhin c mu ((ting Vit)mu nu), qu. Trong h thng si c th trn 90C kt qu trongcaramelizationng. Heat-Treatment t ng ngn trong s tn ph ca vi sinh vt chu nhit.

Do cchn ch ca x l nhit, nghin cu nhng n lc tp trung vo cc la chn thay th nhit, bc x vi sng, hng ngoi, H thng si, siu lc vultrasonication.Ultrasonication mt ong

Ultrasonication l mtnhit x l thay thi vi nhiu cht lng thc phm. Ca nc kh inang c s dng cho mt nh nhng nhng hiu quvi khun ngng hot ngv gim kch thc ht. Khi mt ong c tip xc vi ultrasonication, hu ht cct bo nm men b ph hy. T bo nm men tn ti sonication thng mt kh nng pht trin. iu ny lm gim tc ca qu trnh ln men mt ong ng k.

Ultrasonication no cngloi b cc tinh th hin tivc ch thm kt tinhtrong mt ong. Trong kha cnh ny, n l tng ng vi h thng si mt ong. Ultrasonically aided ha lng c th lm vic ti ng kqu trnh nhit thpc c ly khong 35C v c thgim thi gian ha lng t hn 30 giy.Kai (2000)nghin cu ha lng bng siu m ca c honeys (Brush hp, v cy th, Yapunyah v hp mu vng). Cc nghin cu cho thy, rng sonication mt tn s 20kHz ha lng cc tinh th trong mt ong, hon ton. Mu ultrasonically c iu tr li trong nh nc ha lng c c ly khong 350 ngy ( 20% khi so snh vi x l nhit). Do ccti thiu nhit tip xc, siu m ha lng kt qu trong mtCc lu tr ln hn ca mi hng v hng v. Sonicated mu Hin th ch mtthp HMF tngv mtthp gim diastase hot ng. Nh nng lng nhit t hn l cn thit, ng dng ca siu m gip tit kim chi ph x l khi so snh vi truyn thng si m v lm mt.

CcCc nghin cu ca Kaicng tit l, cc loi khc nhau ca mt ong yu cu cng khc nhau v thi gian sonication. V l do ny, chng ti khuyn bn nn vic tin hnh cc th nghim bng cch s dng mt h thng sonication kch thc trn bng gh d b. Xt nghim s b nn c thc hin trong ch hng lot, trong khi tip tc x l th nghim yu cu mt t bo chy cho tun hon p lc hoc trong dng th nghim