characterization of aegle marmelos fiber reinforced composites

7/25/2019 Characterization of Aegle Marmelos Fiber Reinforced Composites

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Characterization of Aegle

Marmelos Fiber Reinforced

Composite

Dr. M. Naga Phani Sastry,

Smt. K. Devaki Deviand

Din Bandhu


2/17

A composite material is a combination of a binding resin (matrix) with

small filaments of solid material (reinforced material).

Green composite or bio-composite is a composite material which consists

of one or more phase(s) of natral or biological origin. As reinforcement! it

incldes bio wastes li"e lea#es of cocont shell! waste wood powder! waste

paper! or e#en b$-prodcts of food crops! or fibers from plant or

#egetables sch as cotton! flax! hemp! %te! cane! banana and the li"e.

&e to en#ironmental contamination! the need for green composite arises.

'n this paper! the bar" of Aegle Marmelos is ta"en as natral fiber for

examining tensile strength and flexral strength. canning lectron

Microscope (M) anal$sis is also accomplished to "now the bonding

between the reinforcement and the matrix.

'*+R,&C+',*


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+o prepare the composite materials for different fiber #olme fractions

and fiber lengths with bar"s of Aegle Marmelos as reinforcement.

+o e#alate the #arios mechanical properties li"e tensile strength (+)

and flexral strength (F) for these de#eloped composite specimens.

+o #alidate the experimental reslts sing regression anal$sis.

+o anal$ze the microstrctre of composites sing M anal$sis.

,/C+'0


4/17

Materials sed for the preparation of test specimens

Epoxy resin

Hardener

Aege Marmeos !Bivam" #i$er

Mouds

MA+R'A1


5/17

+he following steps were in#ol#ed in the preparation of test specimens2

#i$er extra%tion &rom the $arks o& Aege Marmeos.

Moud preparation $y appying moud reeasing agent.

#i$er %utting as per the moud spe%i&i%ations

Homogeneous mixing o& epoxy and hardener in a proportionate manner.

Pa%ement o& &i$ers into the moud in a desired orientation.

Pouring the homogeneous mixture o& epoxy and hardener so'y into moud.

(emova o& ex%essive epoxy and hardener soution.

)uring &or proper hardening.

)utting o& spe%imens as per AS*M standards.

+3 '*0,10& '* 3C'M* 3R3ARA+',*


6/17

'n order to "now the performance of the composites prepared in the

present wor"! the following tests and anal$sis are condcted2

*ensie test

#exura test

SEM anaysis

efore performing these tests! the specimens are ct as per the A+M

standards.

++ A*& A*A14' 3RF,RM&


7/17

As per A+M standards! the following dimensions are emplo$ed for tensile

tests and flexral tests2

&imensions of specimen for tensile test

&imensions of specimen for flexral test

&'M*',* ,F 3C'M*


8/17

+M for tensile and flexral tests

5'3M*+ & F,R ++ A*& A*A14'

M anal$sis apparats


9/17


(a) traight ,rientation (b) Cris Cross ,rientation

(c) lant ,rientation

pecimens in #arios orientation for tensile tests

3C'M* 3R3AR& F,R +*'1 ++


10/17


(a) traight ,rientation (b) Cris Cross ,rientation

(c) lant ,rientation

pecimens in #arios orientation for flexral tests

3C'M* 3R3AR& F,R F16RA1 ++


11/17

+ensile strength of three different orientations are compared as follows2

C,M3AR',* ,F +*'1 +R*G+7

Weight

of fiber

Straight

orientation

Criss-cross

orientation

Slant

orientation

5 29.71 9.44 6.69

10 32.64 13.32 12.52

15 35.87 15.83 8.65

20 39.93 18.31 14.35


12/17

+ensile strength of three different orientations are compared as follows2

C,M3AR',* ,F F16RA1 +R*G+7

Weight

of fiber

Straight

orientation

Criss-cross

orientation

Slant

orientation

5 63.35 19.91 63.85

10 83.77 21.22 66.35

15 95.18 29.54 71.66

20 101.86 48.37 80.36


13/17

0alidation of the experimental reslts is carried ot sing regression anal$sis. 'n

this wor"! one factor anal$sis has been carried ot with a single factor! weight of

the fiber (w). Regression e8ations are modelled with the experimental reslts to

identif$ the relation between the inpt parameter 9w: and the responses! tensile

strength and flexral strength! gi#en in the following e8ations2

traight orientation2

+s;.?>>@ B.D@EA B.B;;EA= ------------------ (;)

Fs;.; @.D>BEA B.;>?EA= ------------------ (=)

Criss-cross orientation2

+s=


14/17

C,M3AR',* ,F 63R'M*+A1 A*& 3R&'C+& 0A1

Straight Tensile strength (MPa) Flexural Strength (MPa)

Wt of fiber

(g)

Exp Pred %

dev

Exp Pred %

dev

5 29.71 29.736 -0.08 63.35 63.56 -0.33

10 32.64 32.56 0.243 83.77 83.13 0.766

15 35.87 35.945 -0.22 95.18 95.82 -0.67

20 39.93 39.903 0.066 101.8

6

101.6 0.21

Criss-cross

Wt of fiber

(g)

5 9.44 9.507 -0.71 19.91 20.085 -0.88

10 13.32 13.119 1.51 21.22 20.695 2.474

15 15.83 16.031 -1.27 29.54 30.065 -1.77

20 18.31 18.243 0.365 48.37 48.195 0.361

Slant

Wt of fiber

(g)

5 6.69 6.667 0.343 63.85 63.879 -0.04

10 10.87 10.939 -0.63 66.35 66.263 0.131

15 16.42 16.351 0.42 71.66 71.747 -0.12

20 22.88 22.903 -0.1 80.36 80.331 0.036


15/17

'n the present wor"! the interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement

composites are carried ot. +he cr$ogenicall$ cooled and fractred specimen

srfaces are gold coated and the fractred srface is photographed sing canning

lectron Microscope (M). +he following figre depicts the microstrctres of

ntreated fiber nder M2

Fig. >2 ntreated Aegle Marmelos fiber =BB6 magnification(traight! lant

and Criss-cross orientations)

M A*A14'


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Composites of epox$ dispersed with @! ;B! ;@ and =B wtI Aegle Marmelos

fiber! ha#e been sccessfll$ prepared.

#alation of mechanical properties (tensile and flexral strengths) and

M anal$sis has been performed for #arios orientations.

't was fond that the tensile strength of the composites in straight

orientation increases with the weight of the fiber within the experimental

range.

+he flexral strength of straight and criss-cross orientations increases with

an increase in weight of the fibers.

From the M anal$sis diagrams! it is e#ident that the fiber pllot within

the specimen is de to the lesser bonding between the reinforcement and

the matrix material.

R1+ A*& C,*C1',*


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+7A*J 4,K

characterization of aegle marmelos fiber reinforced composites

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