characteristics of the studies reporting on the ...mhs registry [4] israel 2000 8 100595 (53) 61.6...

1

Characteristics of the studies reporting on the association between diabetes and site-specific cancer

If mean values of age or follow up year were unavailable, median or range was extracted.

Digestive organs

Cohort Country Baseline

study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Wideroff et al [1] Denmark 1977-1989 5.7 109581 (50) M: 64

W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge

diagnosis 2639 (46) I Age, calendar year

Idilbi et al [2] Israel 1999 9.3 87934 (50) 51.5 13450 (54) Both Diabetes registry 29 (38) a) I Age

QResearch database

[3] b) UK 1998 16 4942227 (50) 44.6 c) 121797 (44) c) T2

Primary care

patients database 12808 (34) I

Age, Townsend, BMI,

smoking, alcohol, Barratt's

esophagus, peptic ulcer

disease, prior lung cancer,

prior blood cancer, prior oral

cancer, prior pancreatic

cancer, (for women, prior

breast cancer)

MHS registry [4] Israel 2000 8 100595 (53) 61.6 16721 (47) Both

Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

2188 (42) I

Age, region, socio-economic

status, use of healthcare

services a year prior to index

date, BMI, history of CVD

DECODE study [5]

Denmark,

Finland,

Italy, the

Netherlands

, Poland,

Sweden,

UK (17

cohorts)

1966-2004 15.8 44655 (41) 53.4 3759 (48) Both Measured,

self-reported 475 (23) M

Age, cohort, BMI total

cholesterol, BP, smoking

Forssas et al [6] Finland 2003 5

5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry NR M Age

2

Verona Diabetes Study

[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

245 (43) M Age

a) Derived from diabetic patients.

b) Outcome was defined as gastro-esofageal cancer.

c) Derived from all derivation cohort.

Upper aerodigestive tract


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M Maximum adjustment available

Shu et al [8] Sweden 1964-2006 17 24052 (47) 11.2 24052 (47) T1 Hospital discharge

register 4 (50) I Age, period of diagnosis, region

Oesophagus


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome


Adami et al [9] Sweden 1965-1983 5.2 51008 (55) NR 51008 (55) Both Hospital discharge

diagnosis 31 (29) I Age

NIH-AARP Diet and

Health Study [10] US 1995-1996 11 494867 (40) 62.5 44726 (33) Both Self-reported 185 (33) I

Age, BMI, race/ethnicity,

education, marital status, family

Hx of cancer, self-reported

health status, intake of red

meat, white meat, fruits,

vegetables, alcohol, and coffee,

physical activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

NDSS (T2DM) [11] Australia 1997 5.8 872706 (47) 60.4 872706 (47) T2 National diabetes

registry

I: 1103 (18),

M: 744 (17) I, M Age, calendar year


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


3

Walker et al [12] UK 2001-2007 7 80838 (45) 55-79 80838 (45) T2 Diabetes registry NR I Age, socioeconomic status

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

20888 (39) I

Age, insurance premium,

urbanization degree of area

registered for National Health

Insurance program

Wang et al [14] China 2007-2013 6 327268 (50) 59.8 327268 (50) Both Diabetes registry 209 (26) I Age, urbanization level

Carstensen et al [15]

Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1 Diabetes registry,

impatient dataset 97 (31) I

Age, date of follow up, date of

birth

Zhang et al [16] China 2002-2008 6 7950 (52) 61.1 7950 (52) T2 Diabetes registry 9 (33) I Age


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

50 (28) I





Sasazuki et al [17] Japan (8

cohorts) 1984-1994 9.9 339459 (54) 35-103 NR Both Self-reported 830 (3) I

Age, area, Hx of

cerebrocascular disease, CHD,

smoking, alcohol consumption,

BMI, physical exercise, green

leafy vegetable consumption,

coffee intake

NDSS (T1DM) [11] Australia 1997 12 80676 (48) 27.4 80676 (48) T1 National diabetes

registry 18 (22) M Age

CPS II [18] US 1982 26 1053831 (56) NR 52655 (50) Both Self-reported 2358 (22) M

Age, education, BMI, smoking,

alcohol, vagetable intake, red

meat intake, physical activity,

aspirin use


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

11 (27) M Age

Fedeli et al [19] Italy 2008 3 167621 (45) 30-89 167621 (45) Both

Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

78 (27) M Age

4

Stomach


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome



Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

307 (35) I






W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


Jee et al [20] Korea 1992-1995 10 1298385 (36) 46.9 62924 (33) Both Self-reported,

measured

I: NR

F: NR I, M Age, smoking, alcohol use


registry

I: 1605 (28)

F: 816 (29) I, M Age, calendar year

Xu et al [21] China 2004 3.7 36379 (56) 59 36379 (56) T2 Diabetes registry 123 (40) I Age

SMHS, SWHS [22] China

SMHS :

2002-2006

SWHS:

1996-2000

SMHS:

7.5

SWHS:

13.2

134325 (54) 53.8 13214 (56) T2 Self-reported 755(50) I

Age, education, income, BMI,

chronic gastritis, family Hx of

stomach cancer, physical

exercise, total energy intake,

ever smoke, ever drink tea, ever

drink alcohol, vegetable intale,

red meat intake, fruit intake

Ragozzino et al [23] US 1945-1969 8.6 1135 (NR) NR 1135 (NR) Both Measured 5 (40) I Age

Dankner et al [24] Israel 2002 11 2186196 (53) 21-89

159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)

Both Diabetes registry 3950 (41) I Age, ethnic origin,

socioeconomic status

Adami et al [9] Sweden 1965-1983 5.2 51008 (55) NR 51008 (55) Both

A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

159 (48) I Age

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

32908 (35) I




Insurance program

Hsu et al [25] Taiwan 2000-2007 5.9 14619 (53) 50.2 14619 (53) T1

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

31 (45) I Age, calendar year


5



Age, area, Hx of





coffee intake




Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset

254 (47) I Age, date of follow up, date of

birth

NIH-AARP Diet and









multivitamin use

DRT [26] Austria 2005 8.7 5709 (47) 57.4 5709 (47) T2 Diabetes registry 18 (56) I Age, period in 5-year period

groups

APCSC (Asia) [27] Asia (26

cohorts) a) 1961-1993 7 89468 (46) 45 4621 (45) Both

Self-reported,

measured 287 (39) M

Age, BMI, education, alcohol,

smoking

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)

1989-1996 7 82913 (52) 51 3365 (44) Both Self-reported,

measured 103 (27) M


smoking


registry 15 (27) M Age, calendar year

Shen et al [28] China 1998-2001 10.9 66813 (66) 65- 9225 (66) Both Self-reported 335 (46) M

Age, alcohol use, smoking,

exercise, housing and monthly

expenditure, BMI


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

48 (42) M Age

NHIS-NSC [29] Korea 2002-2003 9.7 29807 (48) NR 29807 (48) T2

Data from national

health insurance

database

227 (31) M Age

6


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007


Fedeli et al [19] Italy 2008 3 167621 (45) 30-89 167621 (45) Both

Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

229 (34) M Age

JPHC [30] Japan 1990, 1993 17.8 99584 (54) 50.2 4286 (36) Both Self-reported 812 (29) M

Age, BMI, alcohol intake,

smoking, Hx of hypertension,

phsical activity, area (stratified)





aspirin use

2001 ENTRED study

[31] France 2001 5 9101 (NR) 66 9101 (NR) Both Self-reported 16 (NR) M Age

a) KMIC cohort was excluded.

Small intestine


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome


NIH-AARP Diet and

Health Study [10] US 1995-1996 11 494867 (40) 62.5 44726 (33) Both Self-reported 237 (38) NF








multivitamin use

Wang et al [14] China 2007-2013 6 327268 (50) 59.8 327268 (50) Both Diabetes registry 47 (38) NF Age, urbanization level

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

3886 (38) NF




Insurance program

7

Wideroff et al [1] Denmark 1977-1989 5.7 109581 (50) M: 64,

W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge

diagnosis 26 (46) NF Age, calendar year


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

23 (26) NF





Colorectal


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome


EPIC-Norfolk Study

[32] UK 1995-1997 6 9605 (54) 58.9 221 (33) Both Self-reported 67 (46) I Age, BMI, smoking

Limburg et al [33] US 1970-1994 9.7 1975 (50) 61.0 1975 (50) T2 Medical records 51 (33) I Age, calendar period

CHS [34] US 1989-1990,

1992-1993 3.2

5489 (58)

5162 (57)# 72.8 1161 (54) Both

Measured,

self-reported

102 (42), 93

(43)# I Age, physical activity

VHM&PP Study

Cohort [35] Austria 1988-2001 8.4 140813 (55) 43 4758 (48) Both Measured 677 (51) I

Age (stratified), smoking,

occupational group, BMI

Ren et al [36] China 2002 2.6 7938 (52) 61.1 7938 (52) T2 Diabetes registry 64 (42) I Age


CPS II Nutrition

Cohort [37] US 1992 12 154975 (53) 63 11335 (42) T2 Self-reported 2809 (44) I

Age, ecucation, BMI, physical

activity, NSAID use, alcohol,

family Hx of colorectal cancer,

endoscopy Hx


groups

JPHC [38] Japan 1998-2000,

2003-2005 8.5 29629 62.7 1861 (48) Both

Self-reported,

Prescription 305 (51) I

Age, geographic area, BMI,

smoking, physical activity,

alcohol, coffee consumption,

vegetable consumption, total

energy consumption, Hx of

CVD

8

First Cancer

Prevention Study [39] US 1959-1960 13 863699 (59) 52.3 15487 (53) Both Self-reported 7224 (55) I

Age, race, education, family Hx

of colon cancer, BMI, smoking,

cereal, fruit, cooked vegetables,

green salad, fired foods, mear

or poultry, coffee, tea, milk

consumption, alcohol, aspirin

orbuffered apsirin use, exercise,

Hx of pregnancy (for women)

Berger et al [40] Denmark 1996-2011 12.6 4826142 (50) 41.4 65690 (47) Both

Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age a)

QResearch database

[3] UK 1998 16 4934563 (50) 44.6 b) 121797 (44) b) T2

Primary care


Age, ethnic group, BMI,

smoking, alcohol, family Hx of

bowel cancer, ulcerative colitis,

colonic polyp, prior lung

cancer, prior blood cancer, prior

oral cancer, (for women, prior

breast cancer, prior uterine

cancer, prior ovarian cancer,

prior cervical cancer), (for men

Townsend)

Singapre Chinese

Health Study [41] Singapore 1993-1998 7.1 61320 (56) 59.6 5469 (57) Both Self-reported 636 (45) I

Age, year at enrollment, dialect

group, education, BMI,


familial Hx of colorectal cancer,

physical activity


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth

Diabetes II-to-Cancer

[42] Germany 2003 3.3 26742 (53) 64 26742 (53) T2

Physician's


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

91734 (42) I




Insurance program


registry

I: 10848 (36),

M 2760 (37) I, M Age, calendar year

9

ARIC [43] US 1990-1992 15 12792 (55) 56.9 1125 (56) Both Self-reported,

Prescription

I: 268 (48),

M 75 (39) I, M

Age, race/ethnicity, ARIC study

site, education, smoking status,

cigarette-years smoked, BMI,

waist circumference,

postmenopausal hormone use

(for women)


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status c)


measured NR I, M Age, smoking, alcohol use

FDS [44] Australia 1993 7 6445 (51.2) d) 64.1 d) 1282 (51) d) T2

Fremantle hospital

clinic and

inpatient lists,

Local physician

referrals, allied

health facilities,

pharmacies,

opticians,

ddvertising in

local media ,Word

of mouth

266 (37) I Age (matched), postcode

(matched)

NIH-AARP Diet and

Health Study [45] US 1995-1996 9.2 484020 (40) 62 41445 (33) Both Self-reported 7598 (32) I

Age, race/ethnicity, education,

BMI, smoking, physical

activity, replacement hormone

therapy in women, family Hx of

colon cancer, vitamin and

mineral supplements, diet

quality score, energy intake

Sikdar et al [46] Canada 1995-2004 6.1 122228 (50) 57.2 25304 (50) Both

Health insurance

registry, hospital

discharge records,

fee-for-service

physician claims

1663 (40) I Age, severity of illness

10

MEC [47] US 1993-1996 13 199142 (55) 60 31331 (52) Both Self-reported 3549 (46) I

Age (stratified), ethnicity, BMI,

smoking education, alcohol

intake, NSAIDs use, saturated

fat intake, non-saturated fat

intake, dietary fiber intake, total

calories, physical activity,


menopausal status and hormone

replacement therapy use (for

women)

Walker et al [12] UK 2001-2007 7 80838 (45) 55-79 80838 (45) T2 Diabetes registry 267 (NR) I Age, socioeconomic status

Netherlands Cohort

Study on diet and

cancer (NLCS) [48]

Netherlands 1986 17.3 3919 (52) e) 61.3 e) 122 (55) e) T2 Self-reported 3056 (43) I

Age, BMI, pants/skirt size,

family Hx of CRC, smoking,

alcohol, dietary habits,

nonoccupational physical

activity

Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription

314 (35) I Age, year at cancer diagnosis

Nilsen et al [50] Norway 1984-1986 12 75219 (51) 49.2 NR Both Self-reported 726 (51) I Age


cohorts)f)


measured 113 (42) M


smoking

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


Measured 383 (47) M


smoking


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

65 (37) M Age

Fedeli et al.[19] Italy 2008 3 167621 (45.4) 30-89 167621 (45.4) Both

Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

516 (36) M Age

Koskinen et al [51] Finland 1980 5 2450549 (53) 30-74 58000 (59) Both National drug

register NR M Age

11



2001 ENTRED study


JACC Study [52] Japan 1988 16.3 96081 (58) 57.1 5283 (46) Both Self-reported 849 (46) M

Age, BMI, family Hx of

colorectal cancer, smoking,

drinking habit, sports, walking,

education

# Analyzed cohort.

a) RRs for diabetes present at study entry were extracted.

b) Derived from the all derivation cohort.

c) RRs for prevalent diabetes were extracted.

d) Derived from 1,282 FDS type 2 diabetes participants. Baseline characteristics of non-diabetic controls were not reported.

e) Derived from the subcohort.

f) KMIC cohort was excluded.

Colon


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome




Age, area, Hx of





coffee intake

CPS II Nutrition





endoscopy history


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge



12


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth



Chen et al [53] Taiwan 2000 6.9 1230403 (52) 60 615532 (52) Both National Health

Insurance database 7015 (51) I

Age, geographic area,

urbanization status


Health insurance

registry, hospital

discharge records,

fee-for-service

physician claims


Weiderpass et al [54] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 153852 (52) 62.9 153852 (52) Both Hospital discharge

diagnosis

I: 943 (56)

M: NR I, M Age

Onitilo et al [55] US 1995 14 65601 (48) 63.1 11236 (48) T2 Medical record,

measured 447 (49) I

Age, smoking, residence,

diagnosis reference date, BMI,

insurance status, comorbidities

NIH-AARP Diet and









multivitamin use











women)

Nilsen et al [50] Norway 1984-1986 12 75219 (51) 49.2 NR Both Self-reported 345 (53) I Age


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

1034 (44) I





13




phsical activity, area (stratified)




expenditure, BMI


5147349 in

1997,

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry NR M Age a)





aspirin use





education


Data from national

health insurance

database

104 (47) M Age

a) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Rectum


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome





diagnosis

I: 492 (40)

M: NR I, M Age

Chen et al [53] Taiwan 2000 6.9 1230403 (52) 60 615532 (52) Both National Health

Insurance database 5311 (47) I


urbanization status


F: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


14


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

396 (41) I





CPS II Nutrition





endoscopy Hx


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth












women)

NIH-AARP Diet and









multivitamin use



Age, area, Hx of





coffee intake


Health insurance

registry, hospital

discharge records,

fee-for-service

physician claims


15

Netherlands Cohort

Study on diet and

cancer (NLCS) [48]

Netherlands 1986 17.3 3919 (52) e) 61.3 e) 122 (55) e) T2 Self-reported 678 (36) I

Age, BMI, pants/skirt size,

family Hx of CRC, smoking,

alcohol, dietary habits,

nonoccupational physical

activity





aspirin use


5147349 in

1997,

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997,

284832 (49) in

2007


NHIS-NSC [29] Korea 2002-2003 9.7 29807 (48) NR 29807 (48) T2 National health

insurance database 71 (42) M Age





education

a) Derived from the subcohort.

Anus


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome



Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

13 (69) I


status, use of healthcare services a

year prior to index date, BMI,

history of CVD


registry 9 (44) I Age, calendar year


registry

I: 130 (52)


16

NIH-AARP Diet and




Hx of cancer, self-reported health

status, intake of red meat, white

meat, fruits, vegetables, alcohol,

and coffee, physical activity,

smoking, multivitamin use

Liver


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age e)



Adami et al [56] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 153852 (52) 62.9 153852 (52) Both

A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

I: 533 (36)

M: 432 (37) I, M Age


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth



Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol

consumption, BMI, physical

exercise, green leafy

vegetable consumption, coffee

intake


groups

Liver Cancer Pooling

Project (LCPP) [57]

US (14

cohorts) 1980-1995 7-31 1570023 58.2

NR, 6.5% of

total subjects T2 Self-reported 2162 (31) I

Age, study, alcohol, race,

smoking, BMI


17


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National health

insurance research

database

108334 (32) I




Insurance program


SMHS:

2002-2006,

SWHS:

1996-2000

SMHS :5.

5,

SWHS:

11.2

133288 (55) 53.8 10916 (58) T2 Self-reported 344 (41) I

Age, birth cohort, education,

income, BMI, occupation,

ever smoking, alcohol

drinking, family Hx of cancer,

total energy intake, fruit

intake, vegetable intake, total

physical activity, Hx of

hepatitis/chronic liver disease,

hormone replacement therapy

(for women), menopausal

status (for women)

Singapore Chinese

Health Study [59] Singapore 1993-1998 14.0 61321 (56) 56.4 5469 (57) Both Self-reported 499 (27) I

Age, year of recruitment,

dialect group, BMI, education,

smoking, alcohol intake

frequency, consumption of

coffee and tea


registry

I: 2145 (22)


Wild et al [60] UK 2004 9 NR 40-89 NR T2 Diabetes register 2944 (24) I Age, socio-economic status


[42] Germany 2003 3.3 26742 (53) 64 26742 (53) T2

Physician's


Dankner et al [24] Israel 2002 11 2186196 (53) 21-89 159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status b)



Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

73 (37) I





Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

Exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription


18

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


Measured 43 (42) M


smoking


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry NR M Age c)


Age, education, BMI,

smoking, alcohol, vagetable

intake, red meat intake,

physical activity, aspirin use

2001 ENTRED study


Fedeli et al [19] Italy 2008 3 167621 (45.4) 30-89 167621 (45.4) Both

Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

626 (22) M Age




Data from national

health insurance

database

359 (25) M Age




phsical activity, area

(stratified)


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

64 (38) M Age




expenditure, BMI

Fujino et al [61] Japan 1986-1989 10.3 4902 (50) 55.2 241 (30) T2 Self-reported 60 (22) M Age, alcohol, smoking, Hx of

hepatitis and cirrhosis

19

DECODE study [5]

Denmark,

Finland, Italy,

the

Netherlands,

Poland,

Sweden, UK

(17 cohorts)

1966-2004 15.8 44655 (41) 53.4 3759 (48) Both Measured 96 (23) M Age, cohort, BMI total


JACC Study [62] Japan 1988-1990 9.9 96162 (58) 57.8 5280 (46) Both Self-reported 363 (28) M Age, institute (stratified)

Chiang et al [63] Taiwan 1998 8.9 50080 (53) 54 2820 (51) Both Self-reported 235 (31) M

Age, serum alanine

aminotransferase level, eGFR,

smoking, alcohol, physical

activity


b) RRs for prevalent diabetes were extracted.

c) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Gallbladder


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available



Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age a)


registry

I: 6 (33)



registry

I: 622 (50)


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National health

insurance research

database

9190 (43) I




Insurance program


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)



20


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

I: 181 (79)

Mc): 263 (71) I, M Age

NIH-AARP Diet and



education, marital status,

family Hx of cancer,

self-reported health status,

intake of red meat, white

meat, fruits, vegetables,

alcohol, and coffee, physical

activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


Sasazuki et al [17] c) Japan (8


Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake

Chen et al [64] c) Taiwan 2000 7 1230403 (52) 60.0 615532 (52) Both National health

insurance database 1072 (56) I


urbanization status,

cholecystitis, cholelithiasis,

choledocholithiasis, biliary

cirrhosis

Wideroff et al [1] c) Denmark 1977-1989 5.7 109581 (50) M: 64

W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


MHS registry [4] d) Israel 2000 8 100595 (53) 61.6 16721 (47) Both

Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

65 (54) I





Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription



[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

14 (64) M Age

21






JACC study [65] Japan 1988-1990 9.7 113394 (58) 40-89 5498(46) Both Self-reported 96 (63) M Age



Outcome was defined as c) bile duct or biliary tract, d) gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct.

Cholangiocarcinoma


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Tsai et al [66] Taiwan 1998-2010 7.1 3491279 (47) 58.5 1745804 (47) T2

Taiwan National

Health Insurance

Database

2196 (54) I

Age, urbanization, monthly

income, comorbidities of

choronic liver disease

Extrahepatic bile duct


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

60 (55) I Age

Ampulla of Vater


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

22

Adami et al [56] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 153852 (52) 62.9 153852 (52) ALL

A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

19 (61) I Age

Pancreas


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

SMC, COSM [67] Sweden (2

cohorts) 1997 6.8 83053 (45) 61 NR Both

Self-reported,

Inpatient register 136 (45) I

Age (stratified), education,

BMI, physical activity,

smoking, alcohol consumption

Nilsen et al [68] Norway 1984-1986 9.8 63374 (51) 20- NR Both Self-reported 165 (42) I Age


NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

QResearch database

[3] UK 1998 16 4943482 (50) 44.6 a) 121797 (44) a) T2

Primary care


Age, BMI, smoking , chronic

pancreatitis, prior renal

cancer, prior blood cancer,

(for women prior breast

cancer, Townsend)


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth



Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

14131 (41) I




Insurance program

23


Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age b)



groups


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status c)

Chow et al [69] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 134096 (52) NR 134096 (52) Both

A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

650 (53) I Age


registry

I: 3404 (41)





[42] Germany 2003 3.3 26742 (53) 64 26742 (53) T2

Physician's



Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

217 (47) I






Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription




Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake


cohorts) d) 1961-1993 7 89468 (46) 45 4621 (45) Both

Self-reported,

measured 68 (38) M Age, BMI, alcohol, smoking

24

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


measured 123 (46) M


smoking





(stratified)

JACC study [70] Japan 1988-1990 8.1 99527 (55) 57.3 NR Both Self-reported 196 (49) M Age, smoking in pack-years






expenditure, BMI


Data from national

health insurance

database

149 (40) M Age


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

580 (41) M Age







5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

84832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry NR M Age e)

DECODE study [5]

Denmark,

Finland, Italy,

the

Netherlands,

Poland,

Sweden, UK

(17 cohorts)



2001 ENTRED study

[31] France 2001 5 9101 (NR) 66 9101 (NR) Both Self-reported 35 (M) M Age


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

35 (66) M Age

25

a) Derived from all derivation cohort.

b) RRs for diabetes present at study entry were extracted.

c) RRs for prevalent diabetes were extracted.

d) KMIC cohort was excluded.

e) RRs for non-insulin treated diabetes were extracted.

Retroperitoneum and peritoneum


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

2993 (52) NF




Insurance program

Lip, oral cavity, pharynx


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge



Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

91 (16) M Age






26

Head, neck


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


groups


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

218 (36) I






Oral


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

39056 (15) I




Insurance program

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

Nasopharynx

27


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

30752 (31) I




Insurance program

Larynx


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


F: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

8826 (16) I




Insurance program


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

47 (2) M Age

Respiratory and intrathoratic organs


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

673 (30) I





28

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

12528 (35) I




Insurance program


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes Registry NR M Age a)


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

130 (21) M Age

a) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Lung


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age a)


groups

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

89935 (33) I




Insurance program


29

Hall et al [71] UK 1987-2000 8.5 334120 (NR) NR 66848 (47) Both Medical records 2659 (30) I Age, smoking


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth



Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake


[42] Germany 2003 3.3 26742 (53) 64 26742 (53) T2

Physician's



of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status,

smoking b)


registry

I: 7652 (30)


Hsu et al [25] Taiwan 2000-2007 5.9 14619 (53) 50.2 14619 (53) T1

National Health

Insurance

Research Database



SMHS:2002-2

006,

SWHS:

1996-2000

SMHS:6.

3

SWHS:

12.2

133024 (55) 53.8 10890 (58) T2 Self-reported 1017 (52) I



smoking status, smoking

pack-years, alcohol

drinking, family Hx of lung

cancer, total energy intake,

fruit intake, vegetable intale,

phsical activity, Hx of

hepatitis/chronic liver disease,

hormone replacement therapy

(for women), menopausal

status (for women)



Adami et al [9] Sweden 1965-1983 5.2 51008 (55) NR 51008 (55) Both A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

152 (30) I Age


30

ARIC [43] US 1990-1992 15 12792 (55) 56.9 1125 (56) Both Self-reported,

prescription

I: 352 (37)

M: 287 (37) I, M

Age, race/ethnicity, ARIC

study site, education, smoking

status, cigarette-years smoked,

BMI, waist circumference,

postmenopausal hormone use

(for women)




cohorts)c) 1961-1993 7 89468 (46) 45 4621 (45) Both

Self-reported,

Measured 490 (18) M Age, BMI, alcohol, smoking

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


Measured 446 (29) M


smoking

Piemonte Diabetes

Register, Turin

Longitudinal Study

[73]

Italy 1991-1999 7.7 906065 (NR) 20- 31264 (NR) Both Diabetes registry 5391 (20) M Age, area of birth


Data from national

health insurance

database

348 (22) M Age


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

784 (24) M Age

Shen et al [28] China 1998-2001 10.9 66813 (66) ≥65 9225 (66) Both Self-reported 1957 (52) M



expenditure, BMI


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

1013 (20) M Age







5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry NR M Age d)

31



DECODE study [5]

Denmark,

Finland, Italy,

the

Netherlands,

Poland,

Sweden, UK

(17 cohorts)







(stratified)

2001 ENTRED study



[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

118 (20) M Age



c) KMIC cohort was excluded.

d) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Kidney and urinary tract


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

QResearch database

[3] UK 1998 16 4938135 (51) 44.6 a) 121797 (44) a) T2

Primary care


Age, BMI, smoking, prior

lung cancer, prior blood

cancer, prior brain cancer, (for

men prior prostate cancer),

(for women prior uterine

cancer, prior ovarian cancer,

prior cervical cancer,

Townsend)

32


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

905 (23) I






[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

47 (21) M Age


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes Registry NR M Age b)

DECODE study [5]

Denmark,

Finland,

Italy, the

Netherlands

, Poland,

Sweden,

UK (17

cohorts)

1966-2004 15.8 44655 (41) 53.4 3759 (48) Both Measured 180 (20) M Age, cohort, BMI, SBP, total

cholesterol, smoking

a) Derived from the all derivation cohort

b) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Kidney


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available



Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake


groups



33


Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age a)

MEC [74] US 1993-1996 8.3 161126 (53) 59.0 NR Both Self-reported 347 (37) I

Age, ethnicity (stratified),

BMI, smoking, alcohol

drinking, HT, physical activity

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

19831 (42) I




Insurance program



Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


registry

I: 2440 (32)


Lindblad et al [75] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 153852 (52) 62.9 153852 (52) Both Swedish Inpatient

Register

I: 337 (48)

M: NR I, M

Age, calendar year of

observation



159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)



34

Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription



cohorts) 1961-1993 7 273048 (40) 45 17763 (23) Both

Self-reported,



[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

19 (21) M Age



JACC Study [76] Japan 1988-1990 13.1 110788 (58) 40-79 NR Both Self-reported 66 (30) M Age, smoking, drinking


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

104 (32) M Age

CPS II [18] US 1982 26 1053831 (56) NR 52655 (50) Both Self-reported 2778 (38) F







Bladder


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


groups

Adami et al [9] Sweden 1965-1983 5.2 51008 (55) NR 51008 (55) ALL Hospital discharge


35

UK Clinical Practice

Research Datalink

(CPRD) [77]

UK 1987 5.8 408588 a) (47 b))

58 298345 c) (46 d)) Both Medical records,

prescription 1473 (18 c)) I Age, smoking, BMI


of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status e)



registry

I: 1990 (19)


NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

21754 (33) I




Insurance program

CPS II Nutrition

Cohort [78] US 1992-1993 11.9 172791 (53) NR 12863 (45) T2 Self-reported 1852 (19) I

Age (stratified), ecucation,

BMI, physical activity,

alcohol use




Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake

36

Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription








Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

123 (18) M Age


[7] Italy 1987 10 7148 (53) 67 7148 (53) Both

Medical records,

drug prescription

database

28 (21) M Age



a) Derived from incident T2DM and control.

b) Derived from total cohort.

c) Derived from T2DM.

d) Derived from T1DM and T2DM

e) RRs for prevalent diabetes were extracted.

Lower urinary tract


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

MEC [79] a) US 1993-1996 10.7 185816 (55) 60.4 21838 (52) Both Self-reported 918 (24) I

Age, ethnicity (stratified),

smoking status, smoking

intensity and duration,

employment in a high risk

industry

37

Berger et al [40] b) Denmark 1996-2011 12.6 4826142 (50) 41.4 65690 (47) Both

Discharge

diagnosis, claimed

prescription

NR I Age

Outcome was defined as a) transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary tract (bladder, renal pelvis, ureter, other urinary organs), b) lower urinary tract.

Lymphatic and haematopoietic tissue


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

QResearch database

[3] UK 1998 16 4933555 (51) 44.6 a) 121797 (44) a) T1

Primary care


Age, BMI, smoking, pamily

Hx of blood cancer, prior

brain cancer, prior ovarian

cancer, prior renal cancer


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

156 (49) I Age


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge



159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)




Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

833 (45) I




date, BMI, Hx of CVD

Inoue et al [80] Japan 1990-1994 10.7 97771 (52) 51.6 4668 (34) Both Self-reported 174 (46) I

Age, study area, Hx of

cerebrovascular diseae, Hx of

IHD, smoking, ethanol intake,

BMI, physical activity, green

vegetable intake, coffee intake


groups


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

ALL Diabetes Registry NR M Age c)

a) Derived from the all derivation cohort.

38

b) RRs for diabetes present at study entry were extracted.

c) RRs for non-insulin-treated diabetes were extracted.

Lymphoma


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge





Age, area, Hx of


smoking, alcohol




intake

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

JACC study [81] Japan 1988-1990 8.0 56881 (59) 40-79 3307 (47) Both Self-reported 47 (40) I Age, BMI, smoking, drinking

EPIC [82]

Denmark,

France,

Germany,

Greece,

Italy,

Netherlands

, Norway,

Spain,

Sweden,

UK

1992-2000 8.5 393477 (65) 50.9 11139 (54) Both Self-reported 1213 (51) I Age (stratified), study center

(stratified), smoking, BMI

39



Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


SMHS:

2002-2006

SWHS:

1997-2000

SMHS:

7.4

SWHS:

12.9

133097 (55) 53.8 10902 (58) T2 Self-reported 172 (64) I



ever smoking, alcohol

drinking, family Hx of cancer,

total energy intake, fruit

intake, vegetable intake, total

physical activity, hormone

replacement therapy (for

women), menopausal status

(for women)

MEC [84] US 1993-1996 10 193050 (55) 45-75 NR Both Self-reported 939 (45) I Age, ethnicity, education,

BMI, alcohol intake


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)


socioeconomic status a)

Weiderpass et al [85] Sweden 1965-1983 6.7 134098 (52) NR 134098 (52) Both Hospital discharge


NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


registry

I: 2845 (41)








40


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

128 (40) M Age

NDSS (T1DM [11] Australia 1997 12 80676 (48) 27.4 80676 (48) T1 National diabetes



Hodgkin’s lymphoma


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


registry

I: 188 (40)





register 6 (17) I

Age, period of diagnosis,

region


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

1500 (42) I




Insurance program

Multiple myeloma


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

41

EPIC [82]

Denmark,

France,

Germany,

Greece,

Italy,

Netherlands

, Norway,

Spain,

Sweden,

UK

1992-2000 8.5 393477 (65) 50.9 11139 (54) Both Self-reported 281 (48) I Age (stratified), study center

(stratified)


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR 3983000

person years

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)



NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


registry

I: 1013 (39)



W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge









Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

83 (48) M Age

42

a) RRs for prevalent diabetes were extracted.

Leukaemia


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

10028 (42) I




Insurance program



Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


Shu et al [8] Sweden 1964-2006 17 24052 (47) 11.2 24052 (47) T1 Hospital

Discharge Register 19 (58) I


region


cohorts) 1961-1993 7 273048 (40) 45 17763 (23) Both

Self-reported,


APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


Measured 96 (42) M


smoking







Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

144 (43) M Age

43

Lymphatic leukaemia


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

Shu et al [8] a) Sweden 1964-2006 17 24052 (47) 11.2 24052 (47) T1 Hospital discharge

register 8 (63) I


region

a) Outcome was defined as acute lymphatic leukaemia.

Myeloid and monocytic leukaemia


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

44

Myeloid leukaemia


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


registry

AML

I: 641 (34)

M: 463 (37)

CML

I: 233 (35)

M: 62 (42)

I, M Age, calendar year


registry

AML

I: 15 (53)

M: 6 (67)

CML

I: 12 (33)


Abbreviations: AML, acute myeloid leukaemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Skin


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

Skin

471 (42) I





NIH-AARP Diet and

Health Study [10] US 1995-1996 11 494867 (40) 62.5 44726 (33) Both Self-reported

Skin

5146 (26) I








activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

Wang et al [14] China 2007-2013 6 327268 (50) 59.8 327268 (50) Both Diabetes registry Skin

60 (50) I Age, urbanization level

45

Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

Melanoma

3258 (45) I




Insurance program


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

Melanoma

25 (48)

Non-melanoma

69 (48)

I Age

Walker et al [12] UK 2001-2007 7 80838 (45) 55-79 80838 (45) T2 Diabetes registry Menanoma

NR I Age, socioeconomic status


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset

Melanoma

613 (50) I


birth


registry

Melanoma

I: 5325 (33)

M: 585 (25)



W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge

diagnosis

Melanoma

138 (56)

Non-melanoma

1074 (43)

I Age, calendar year

DRT [26] Austria 2005 8.7 5709 (47) 57.4 5709 (47) T2 Diabetes registry Melanoma

20 (45) I

Age, period in 5-year period

groups

APCSC (ANZ) [27]

Australia,

New

Zealand

(9 cohorts)


Measured

Melanoma

69 (32) M


smoking


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

Melanoma

36 (33) M Age

CPS II [18] US 1982 26 1053831 (56) NR 52655 (50) Both Self-reported Melanoma

1788 (33) M





46


5147349 in

1997

5300484 in

2007

1-79

171596 (54) in

1997

284832 (49) in

2007

Both Diabetes registry Melanoma

NR M Age


registry

Melanoma

24 (38) M Age, calendar year

Bone, connective tissue


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

Bone,

connective

tissue

61 (34)

Kaposi’s

sarcoma

47 (26)

I





Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

Bone

7016 (41)

Connective

tissue, soft

tissue

8557 (42)

I




Insurance program


register

Bone

2 (50)

Connective

tissue, soft

tissue

2 (50)

I Age, period of diagnosis,

region

47

NIH-AARP Diet and


Connective

tissue, soft

tissue

311 (32)

NF








activity, smoking,

multivitamin use

CPS II [18] US 1982 26 1053831 (56) NR 52655 (50) Both Self-reported

Connective

tissue, soft

tissue

752 (47)

F





Endocrine, Thyroid


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Wang et al [14] China 2007-2013 6 327268 (50) 59.8 327268 (50) Both Diabetes registry Thyroid

301 (68) I Age, urbanization level


A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

Thyroid

19 (68)

Endocrine

other than

thyroid

43 (77)

I Age


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge

diagnosis

Thyroid



159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)

Both Diabetes registry Thyroid

3535 (76) I

Age, ethnic origin,



registry

Thyroid

I: 710 (66)

M: 66 (44)


48


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset

Thyroid

299 (81) I


birth


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

Thyroid

114 (71) I





Xu et al [21] China 2004 3.7 36379 (56) 59 36379 (56) T2 Diabetes registry Thyroid

29 (90) I Age

DRT [26] Austria 2005 8.7 5709 (47) 57.4 5709 (47) T2 Diabetes registry Thyroid

9 (89) I

Age, period in 5-year period

groups

Gini et al [49] Italy 2002-2009 3.7 32247 (45) 65 32247 (45) T2

Hospital

discharge,

exemption from

medical charges

because of

diabetes,

prescription

Thyroid


Kitahara et al [86] US (5

cohorts)

1987,

1993-1995 10.5 674491 (46)

NR (8% of total

subjects) Both Self-reported

Thyroid

818 (62) I

Age, education, race, marital

status, smoking, BMI, alcohol

intake, cohort


registry

Thyroid

2 (50) M Age, calendar year

NIH-AARP Diet and


Endocrine

655 (56) M








activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


Breast

49


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


diagnosis 1158 (99) I Age, calendar period


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

1181 (99) I





NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge







Brain, nervous system


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available


Maccabi

Healthcare Service

database

104 (39) I






registry

I: 783 (34)



W: 69 109581 (50) Both

Hospital discharge


50

NIH-AARP Diet and









activity, smoking,

multivitamin use


Australia,

Denmark,

Finland,

Scotland,

Sweden

1987-2000 8-38

NR

3983000PY

(50)

NR NR T1

National diabetes

registry, Scottish

General

Acute/Inpatient

dataset


birth


159104 (53) (n

of prevalent

diabetes)



Lin et al [13] Taiwan 1997-1998 11 9884228 (45) 20- 472979 (51) T2

National Health

Insurance

Research Database

15489 (46) I




Insurance program




A hospital

discharge

diagnosis

66 (87) I Age


Regional archives

from subjects

exempt from

medical charges

due to diabetes

73 (36) M Age









51

Unknown primary


study (years)

Follow-u

p (years)

N

(% women)

Mean age

(years)

N of diabetes

(% women)

Type of

diabetes

Ascertainment of

diabetes

N of outcome

(% women) I or M

Maximum adjustment

available

Hemminki et al [88] Sweden 1997 14 211079 (43) 64 211079 (43) Both

Hospital discharge

register, National

outpatient registry,

Primary health

care registry,

Swedish

prescribed drug

register

14536 (58) I

Age, period of diagnosis

(5-year bands), socioeconomic

status, region

52

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characteristics of the studies reporting on the ...mhs registry [4] israel 2000 8 100595 (53) 61.6...

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