chapters 1, 2, 25 review. name the term the study of relationships between living organisms and the...
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Chapters 1, 2, 25
Review
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Name the Term
The study of relationships between living organisms and the environment.
The interdisciplinary subject that combines information from the physical and social sciences to learn how the Earth works.
Natural resources and natural services that keep us and other forms of life alive and support our economies.
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Alls of the following are examples of sustainability EXCEPTRenewable EnergyGreen designWater ConservationClimate ControlExponential Growth
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The population of the world has been increasingAt a constant rateEqually among the countries of the
worldExponentiallySlowly since 1963Until 2000, when it began to stabilize
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Which of the following factors is used by the UN to classify a nation as developed or developing?
Population gainResource useDistribution of wealth in the populationDegree of industrializationAnnual birth rate
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A resoure that can be replaced in a human lifetime is known asConservation resourceNonrenewable resource important resourceRenewable resourceSustainable resource
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Plants and trees can be cut down and replanted. These resources areRenewableNonrenewablePerpetualExhaustiblesustainable
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An ecological footprint is
The impact a individual may have on a given area of land
The amount of biologically productive land and water needed to sustain an individual within a population
The carrying capacity of the Earth for a given population
The amount of land and water that has been converted to nonproductive use with a given geographical region
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A measure of a nation’s economic development based on a measure of per capita GDP PPP which includes all of the following EXCEPT
Annual market value of all goods produced with in the country
Annual market value of services operating within the country
Disparity of wealth beween individuals within the country
The total population at midyearComparison of individual purchasing
power based on currency rates
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The “Tragedy of the Commons” refers to the overuse of
Free-access resourcesGovernment subsidiesPrivately owned resourcesVenture capitalCorporate revenue
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Environmental Degradation is
Pollution which cannot be broken down in the environment
Harmful materials which can be broken down in the environment
When we exceed or compromise a renewable resource’s natural replacement rate, the available supply shrinks
A type of environmental ethic in which human needs and intelligence allow us to use resources as we wish.
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Point pollution sources
Can usually be identified within a given area
Can never be locatedAre dispersed and difficult to identifyAre much more expensive to control
than non-point sourcesCannot be controlled
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All fo the following are true with respect to pollutants EXCEPTThey disrupt life-support systems for
living organismsThey can damage propertyThey create nuisances within an
environmentThey contribute to the balance within
an ecosystemThey can be a hazard to human health
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A pollution prevention strategy would include Governments spending more money on
clean-up initiatives Burning waste thereby reducing the volume
of solid waste and moving the pollution to a smaller air pollution problem
Replacing old polluting systems with new technology which does not result in as much waste
Creating efficient waste collection and management systems in communities
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Name the key causes of environmental problems
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The environmental impact of a population on a given area depends on which of the following?Population sizeCombined environmental effects of
technologiesAffluence-level or consumption of
patterns within a population
(Choose 1, 2, or all 3)
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Environmental ethics is best defined as
Using the environment wiselyMaintaining environmental
sustainabilityExamining the moral basis of
environmental responsibility and its extent
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All of the following are tenants of the Principles of Sustainability EXCEPT
BiodiversityPopulation controlNutrient recyclingFossil fuel rechargingReliance on solar capital
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Nutrient cycling is
The circulation of chemicals necessary for life through living and non-living systems in the environment
One of the natural services of our ecosystems
A scientific principal of sustainabilityIllustrated by the process of decaying
matter returning nutrients to the soil to be taken up again by plants
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According to the WHO, poverty often results in premature death due to all of the following reasons EXCEPT
MalnutritionLimited access to adequate sanitationSevere respiratory disease from indoor
air pollutionAvailable clean drinking waterLack of access to health care
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Affluence results in a safer, often more environmentally managed society in all ways EXCEPT
Clean drinking waterAbundant and safe food supplyIncreased resource useReduction in life-threatening diseaseEducation which spurs new
technology, research and environmental awareness
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Which graph represents exponential growth?
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Which of the following contains the LEAST amount of matter?
AtomElementElectron Moleculecell
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Which of the following would limit a scientific investigation?
Inadequate data and scientific understanding
No peer review of the resultsPerforming an investigation only one
timePoorly defined model system
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Science is defined as
Knowledge of the living and nonliving components of the Earth
An attempt to discover how the natural world works
The classification of natureA basis for explaining physical events
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Which of the following is a component of the Scientific Method?
Ask a questionDo experimentsCreate a new theory
Choose 1, 2, or all 3
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A ____ feedback loop causes a system to change further in the same direction
NegativePostive
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An ion is defined as
The smallest unit of matterAn element with a unique atomic
numberAn element with a net electrical chargeAn element having the same atomic
number but a different mass numberAnother name for a positively charged
subatomic particle
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Matter is anything that
Has mass and takes up spaceGives off energyIs a solid at room temperatureCannot be chemically changed
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Which of the following is not an organic compound?
HydrocarbonsCarbohydratesVitaminsLipidsWater
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The basic structural and functional units of life are calledOrganellesBacteriaEukaryotesCellsMolecules
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All of the following are macromolecules EXCEPTLipidsChromosomesNucleic acidsProteins Carbohydrates
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Which of the following is NOT a natural state of matter?
GasSolidCompoundLiquidVapor
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Which of the following is an example of a chemical reaction?
Combustion of gasolineSugar dissolving in waterToasting a piece of breadMelting butter
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Which law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed?
1st law2nd lawLaw of Conservation of Matter
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A large boulder rolling down a hill is an example ofPotential energyKinetic energyRadioactive energyHeat energyChemical energy
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The measure of how much useful work is accomplished by a particular input of energy into a system is known asEnergy efficiencySustainabilityEnergy conservationEnergy qualityEnergy law
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The Law of Conservation of matter says Matter quality increases when energy
changes from one form to another Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a
physical or chemical reaction Matter quality decreases when energy
changes from one form to another Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed
in a physical or chemical reaction.
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While testing a pond site, students find that the water is slightly acidic. Which of the following must be true?
The water has more hydrogen ions (H+)
The water had a pH of 6.The water has fewer hydroxide ions
(OH-)
Choose 1, 2, or all 3
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Name the importance
Rachel CarsonJohn MuirAldo LeopoldGifford PinchotGarrett Hardin
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When did the following occur?
Wilderness ActEPA establishedCCC, TVA establishedLove CanalChernobylSagebrush rebellion
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Why are these acts important?
ESACERCLARCRAWilderness ActClean Water ActClean Air Acts