chapter07 section02

8/3/2019 Chapter07 Section02

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Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure


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Eukaryotic Cell Structures

Eukaryotic Cell StructuresStructures within a eukaryotic cell that performimportant cellular functions are known as

organelles.Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell intotwo major parts:

Nucleus

Cytoplasm


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Plant Cell

Nuclear envelope

Ribosome (free)

Ribosome(attached)

Mitochondrion

Golgiapparatus

Vacuole

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Smoothendoplasmicreticulum

Rough endoplasmicreticulum

Cell wall

Cell membrane

Chloroplast
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Smooth endoplasmicreticulum

Ribosome (free)

Ribosome(attached)

Golgiapparatus

Mitochondrion

Roughendoplasmicreticulum

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Nuclear envelope

Nucleolus

Centrioles

Animal Cell
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Nucleus

What is the function of the nucleus?


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Nucleus

Nucleus

The nucleus is the control center of the cell.

The nucleus contains nearly all the cell'sDNA and with it the coded instructionsfor making proteins and other importantmolecules.


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Nucleus

The Nucleus

Nucleolus Nuclear envelope

Nuclearpores

Chromatin


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Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Proteins are assembled on ribosomes.

Ribosomes are small particles of RNA andprotein found throughout the cytoplasm.


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Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

EndoplasmicReticulum

There are two types of ERrough and smooth.


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Golgi Apparatus

The Golgi apparatus appears as a stack of closelyapposed membranes.


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Golgi Apparatus

What is the function of lysosomes?


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Vacuoles

In many plant cells thereis a single, large centralvacuole filled with liquid.

Vacuole


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Vacuoles

The paramecium containsa contractile vacuole

that pumps excess waterout of the cell.

Contractile vacuole


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Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

What is the function of the mitochondria?

2 E k i C ll S Mi h d i d Chl l


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Mitochondrion

Mitochondria

Found: All Eukaryotes

Function: Mitochondriaconvert the chemicalenergy stored in food intocompounds that are moreconvenient for the cell to

use.

7 2 E k i C ll S Mi h d i d Chl l


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What is the function of chloroplasts?

7 2 E k ti C ll St t Mit h d i d Chl l t


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ChloroplastChloroplasts

Found: Only organismsthat do photosynthesissuch as plants and algae.

Function: Chloroplastscapture energy fromsunlight and convert it into

chemical energy in aprocess calledphotosynthesis.

7 2 E k ti C ll St t C t k l t


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Cytoskeleton

What are the functions of the

cytoskeleton?

7 2 E k ti C ll St t C t k l t


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Cytoskeleton

Functions of the Cytoskeleton:

Keeping Cell Shape

Movement within the Cell

The cytoskeleton is made up of:

microfilaments

microtubules

7 2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton


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Cytoskeleton

Cytoskeleton

Ribosomes Mitochondrion

Endoplasmicreticulum

Cell membrane

Microtubule

Microfilament

7 2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton


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Cytoskeleton

Centrioles are located near the nucleus and help toorganize cell division.

Cell Organelle Interactive

Plant and Animal Model Interactive
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7-2
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7-2

In the nucleus of a cell, the DNA is usually visibleas

a. a dense region called the nucleolus.

b. the nuclear envelope.c. granular material called chromatin.

d. condensed bodies called chloroplasts.


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7-2

Two functions of vacuoles are storing materialsand helping to

a. break down organelles.

b. assemble proteins.c. maintain homeostasis.

d. make new organelles.


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7-2

Chloroplasts are found in the cells of

a. plants only.

b. plants and some other organisms.

c. all eukaryotes.

d. most prokaryotes.


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7-2

Which of the following is NOT a function of the

Golgi apparatus?

a. synthesize proteins.

b. modify proteins.c. sort proteins.

d. package proteins.


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7-2

Which of the following is a function of the

cytoskeleton?

a. manufactures new cell organelles

b. assists in movement of some cells from oneplace to another

c. releases energy in cells

d. modifies, sorts, and packages proteins


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chapter07 section02

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