chapter twenty-five america’s rise to world leadership, 1929-1945

ChapterTwenty-Five

America’s Rise to World Leadership,

1929-1945

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 25-2

Berkin, Making AmericaChapter 25

As part of the Good Neighbor policy, the Roosevelt administration

1. provided large financial aid grants to Mexico and Haiti.

2. decided to permit unrestricted immigration from Mexico.

3. ended all tariff restrictions in the Western Hemisphere.

4. veered away from the earlier practice of intervening militarily in Latin American nations.



As part of the Good Neighbor policy, the Roosevelt administration

4. veered away from the earlier practice of intervening militarily in Latin American nations.

Hint: The Good Neighbor policy meant that the United States would not interfere in Latin America. A good example is the U.S.’s decision not to intervene in Mexico in an attempt to force the latter to reverse its nationalization of foreign-owned oil holdings. See page 792.



Passage of neutrality acts in 1935, 1937, and 1939

1. reflected Roosevelt’s determination to stay out of European affairs at any cost.

2. was the American response to decisions made by the League of Nations.

3. mirrored public sentiment in favor of isolationism.

4. resulted from Germany’s warnings to the United States to stay out of European affairs.



Passage of neutrality acts in 1935, 1937, and 1939

3. mirrored public sentiment in favor of isolationism.

Hint: Isolationist views were widespread. See pages 792–793.



The congressional reaction to the Panay incident made it obvious that Congress

1. was unwilling to check Japanese militarism.

2. was prepared to abandon isolationism to defend American honor.

3. was prepared to support the president in his Pacific policy.

4. would not tolerate German threats of war.



The congressional reaction to the Panay incident made it obvious that Congress

1. was unwilling to check Japanese militarism.

Hint: Congress made it clear that it was uninterested in retaliatory action against Japan. See pages 794–795.



The Lend-Lease Act1. provided Roosevelt with the means to supply

Britain, even though the United States was still neutral.

2. required Britain to lease bases in its Asian colonies to the United States in return for American loans to fight the Germans.

3. won the support of isolationists because it did not commit America to either side in the European war.

4. was pushed through Congress by corporations eager to profit from the war in Europe.



The Lend-Lease Act1. provided Roosevelt with the means to supply

Britain, even though the United States was still neutral.

Hint: Under its terms, the president could lend or lease war materiel to countries deemed essential to American security. See page 798



A critical result of the battle for the Atlantic was that

1. Germany destroyed almost the entire British fleet.

2. the United States withdrew most of its ships from the Pacific, making Japan confident that the United States would not object to its expansion.

3. Germany’s submarines were driven from the seas, making it possible for Britain to be rearmed by the United States.

4. the United States repealed all its neutrality laws and thus moved closer to war with Germany.



A critical result of the battle for the Atlantic was that

4. the United States repealed all its neutrality laws and thus moved closer to war with Germany.

Hint: The sinking of U.S. vessels by German submarines led Congress to revoke the neutrality laws. See page 799.



Tension between the United States and Japan increased when

1. the Japanese ambassador threatened that his nation would attack the Philippines.

2. Japan joined in an alliance with Germany and Italy.

3. Washington and Tokyo broke off all negotiations a year before the attack on Pearl Harbor.

4. Roosevelt decided to prohibit the sale of rice to Japan.



Tension between the United States and Japan increased when

2. Japan joined in an alliance with Germany and Italy.

Hint: This helped prompt the United States to increase its military presence in the eastern Pacific. See pages 799–801.



Inflation did not become a serious problem during the war because

1. labor became scarce when millions of men entered the army.

2. businessmen voluntarily did not raise prices as a patriotic gesture.

3. it became a felony to raise prices.

4. the government established price and wage controls throughout the economy.



Inflation did not become a serious problem during the war because

4. the government established price and wage controls throughout the economy.

Hint: It regulated prices, wages, and rents. This dampened inflation. See pages 804–807.



When President Roosevelt noted that December 7, 1941, was “a day which will live in infamy,” he referred to

1. the break in diplomatic relations between the United States and Japan.

2. Hitler’s signing of a defense pact with Japan.

3. the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.

4. Congress’s rejection of a new Lend-Lease Act.



When President Roosevelt noted that December 7, 1941, was “a day which will live in infamy,” he referred to

3. the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.

Hint: See page 801.



Native Americans during World War II

1. were, like African Americans, segregated in the military.

2. refused to support the war effort because of the mistreatment they had suffered in the past.

3. on the whole benefited from their wartime experiences.

4. suffered casualties on the battlefront way in excess of their proportion among the general population.



Native Americans during World War II

3. on the whole benefited from their wartime experiences.

Hint: Native Americans benefited from new job opportunities and from opportunities to establish lives outside of the reservations. See page 806.



With the outbreak of the war, the New Deal

1. was accelerated to provide even more jobs.

2. was quickly put aside.

3. was pronounced a success and quickly ended.

4. proceeded at the same pace.



With the outbreak of the war, the New Deal

2. was quickly put aside.

Hint: Because New Deal programs were no longer economically necessary and because the Democrats suffered politically from the public’s dissatisfaction with the pace of the war and with wartime economic conditions, the New Deal was largely shut down. See page 804.

chapter twenty-five america’s rise to world leadership, 1929-1945

Documents

america chapter

united states

good neighbor policy

latin american nations

american loans

american response

american honor

european war