chapter 8 section 1 - slide 1 copyright © 2009 pearson education, inc. and
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Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 1Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 2
Chapter 8
The Metric System
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 3
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN• The advantages of using the metric
system• The basic units used in the metric
system• Conversions within the metric system• Determining length, area, volume, mass,
and temperature in the metric system• Dimensional analysis and converting to
and from the metric system
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 4
Section 1
Basic Terms and Conversions within the Metric System
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 5Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
SI System and U.S. Customary System
Most countries of the world use the Systéme international d’unités or SI system.
The SI system is referred to as the metric system in the United States.
Two systems of weights and measures exist side by side in the United States today, U.S customary system and the metric system.
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 6Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Advantages to Using the Metric System
The metric system is the worldwide accepted standard measurement system.
There is only one unit of measurement for each physical quantity.
The SI system is based on the number 10, allowing less need for fractions.
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 7Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Basic Terms
a little more than a quart
volumeLliter
about 2.2 pounds
masskgkilogram
a little more than a yard
lengthmmeter
Comparison to Customary
Common Use
AbbrevMetric Term
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 8Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Metric Prefixes
1/1000 of base unitmmilli1/100 of base unitccenti1/10 of base unitddeci
base unit10 base unitdadeka
100 base unithhecto1000 base unitkkilo
MeaningSymbolPrefix
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 9Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Changing Units within the Metric System
To change from a smaller unit to a larger unit move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the left for each larger unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure.
To change from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the right for each smaller unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure.
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 10Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Changing Units within the Metric System
Measure of length
kilometer hectometer dekameter
Symbol km hm dam
Number of meters
1000 m 100 m 10 m
Measure of length
meter decimeter centimeter millimeter
Symbol m dm cm mm
Number of meters
1 m 0.1 m 0.01 m 0.001 m
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 11Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Example: Changing Units
Convert 54.6 m to km. Convert 15 L to mL. Convert 0.89 kg to cg.Solutions: Meters is a smaller unit than km. Move the
decimal 3 places to the left, 0.0546 km. Liter is a larger unit than milliliter. Move the
decimal point 3 places to the right, 15,000 mL. Kilogram is a larger unit than centigram. Move
the decimal point 5 places to the right 0.89 kg = 89,000 cg
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 12Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Example: Application
A case of fruit juice contains twenty-four 0.75 liter bottles. How many 250 milliliter glasses can you fill using one case of juice?
Solution: The case of juice contains
24(0.75) = 18 L.
Converting 18 L = 18,000 mL. If each glass hold 250 mL,
then glasses can be filled.
18,000
250= 72
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 13
Section 2
Length, Area, and Volume
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 14Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Length
The meter is used to measure things that we normally measure in yards and feet.
Centimeters and millimeters are used to measure what we normally measure in inches. A centimeter is a little less than a half of an
inch. A millimeter is about the thickness of a dime.
Example: The length of a pair of scissors would be measured in centimeters.
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 15Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Area
Areas are always expressed in square units.
Example:
The length of a rectangular park is 82.5 m, and its width is 25.4 m. Find the area of the park.
Solution: Area = length width.
´2
A = 82.5m 25.4m
A = 2095.5 m
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 16Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Volume
When a figure has three dimensions: length, width and height, the volume can be found.
The volume of an item can be considered the space occupied by the item.
Volume can be expressed in terms of liters or cubic meters.
1 m3 = 1 kL 1 dm3 = 1 L 1 cm3 = 1 mL
Volume in LitersVolume in Cubic Units
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 17Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Volume
When the volume of a liquid is measured, the abbreviation cc is often used instead of cm3 to represent cubic centimeters.
Example: An asthma patient must mix 0.25 cc of a bronchodilator with 2 cc of saline to use in an aerosol machine.
How many milliliters of the bronchodilator will be administered?
What is the total volume of drug and saline solution in milliliters?
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 18Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Volume (continued)
Solution: Since 1 cc is equal in volume to 1 milliliter,
there will be 0.25 milliliters of the bronchodilator.
The total volume is 0.25 + 2 or 2.25 cc, which is equal to 2.25 mL.
Chapter 8 Section 1 - Slide 19Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Example: Volume Application
A cylindrical shampoo bottle has a diameter of 6 cm and a height of 12 cm. What is the volume in milliliters?
Solution:
V r 2h
V 3.14 3 2 12
V 339.12 cm3
V 339.12 mL