CHAPTER 8

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142

LIST OF RESEAECH PAPERS

A. Papers presented in Seminars.

1. Paper presented at "National Seminar on Sedimentary Basins,

Resources and Environments & XXI Convention of Indian Association

of Sedimentologists" at Annamalai University (Tamil Nadu) (2004).

2. Recipient of Young Scientist's Award for best paper presentation

entitled "Columnar stromatolites from the Proterozoic lndravati Basin,

Chhattisgarh: Their morphology and significance" at "41h Chhattisgarh

Young Scientist's Congress" organized by CGCOST at Indira Gandhi

Agricultural University, Raipur (C. G.) (2006).

3. Poster presentation at "Diamond Jubilee International Conference" at

Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow (U.P.) (2006).

B. Paper published

1. Paper entitled "Morphology and palaeoenvironment of stromatolites

from Neoproterozoic lndravati Basin, Chhattisgarh" published on Jour.

of Indian Association of Sedimentologist, Vol. 23, Nos.1 & 2 (2004), pp.

55-60.

C. Paper sent for publication

1. Paper communicated for publication in Journal "The Palaeobotanist"

entitled "Stromatolites of Jagdalpur Formation, lndravati Group,

Chhattisgarh, India".

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Morphology and Palaeoenvironment of Stromatolites from Neoproterozoic Indravati Basin, Chhattisgarh

RAJEEVA GUHEY and DEEPIMA SiNHA

Department of Geology, Government Science College, Raipur Chhatt1sgarh.

Abstract: The ~trornatolnc 1ccfo.., ofNcopJoterozoic lndravati Basm occup1es in South-Eastern parts of Chhattisgarh. lndta The dJstnbutJon of carhonate buildups 1s restricted to upper Jagdalpur Formatwn The study of algal .stromato!Jtc 1s maml} camcd out m Junaguda, Kotpadar, Machkot & Gupteshwar localities around Jagdalpur town. Based upon morphologKal attnbutes like shape, size, ornamentation of columns in field, the important stromatolites Jdenttficd ;:Jre Colonnella elongates. Komar, Jurusama Fm Krylov, Boxoma gracil11es Korolyuk, Cryptophyton con volutum Raaben and. Komar etc These stromatolites indicate mtratidal to supratidal environment of depo~ltlon, wh1ch 1s supported by occurrence of m1cnte, dolomicnte, dolospante and flat pebble conglomerate m Jagdalpur Formal1on

INTRODUCTION

The stromatolite of Proterozoic Indravati Basin, occupies an area of about 30 km2 in hgdalpur district

in rhe south cast part of the C'hhatt1sgarh state, delimited hy 82° 00' anJ tQY 15' longitude. 18° 45' and 19° 00'

latttudc (Ftg: L1 and b) and conta1ns one of the most

irnprcssive e\po~ure'> uf columnar stromatolite bwherm~- The ~tromatolite~ and the associated

82"

I '

I, I "

~edimentary structures are well preserved underlining

their lmportance for the study of the Neoproterozmc

geology. The stromatolites are biosedimentary structures

formed through microbial activities (cyanobactena, algae, etc) in marine as well as 1n fresh water environments. They are considerd as being the oldest evidence of macroscopic hfe on the Earth. and are found in all the contments and in sedimentary rocks

E3 Jagdalpur FOHMI!I.~n

DIJj Cherakur Format1on

c:J Tiraigam Sal'ld Stone

56 Rajeeva Guhcy and Deeprma Smha

of all geolog1cal age:-., mainly m Precambrian rocks, where they have reached the maximum of diversity and development. Currently, they arc observed, in growth form. in several saline alkaline lakes and hypersahne lagoons (Shark Bay, Australia; Salt Lake, USA; Bahamas and Bermuda etc).

So far no concerted efforts have been made to study the stromatolites ofindravati Basm, Bastar. Chhattisgarh. In the present communication, we are reportmg the

} ll.:'- ~·' h .wd'

stromatolites that are exposed near Guptcshwar area on the SE part of Indravatl basin.

HISTORICAL NOTES

The first reference, m the literature, concerning the stromatolites of the Jagdalpur formation, was made by Krupanidhi (196!) followed by Sharma & Krishnan (1963) and Acharya (1973 ). These reports only

Morpholng' and Palococmlroll!!lm! of Stromatolites from Ncoprotero;orc lndravalt Basrn. Chhattf.\!!.arh 57

,·, • j PI t\Plll;tf.

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;~)CJIJ• 'll··d

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.,.. .I \II .Uld

REGIONAL GEOLOGY

Ramakrishnan ( 1987) drvrded Inclra1 a!i Group into four formations viz. Tiratgarh. Cherkur, Kanger and Jagdalpur Formations in ascending order.

Identified stromatolites from the study area: (I) Group: Jurusanw Krylov (I 963)

Form:

Morphological attributes

]urusanra Fm Kry!m· (Ftgs. 2a. band c)

Sub-cylindrical columns are present wtth rounded or elhptLcal transverse sections. The dtameter of colunm varies from 4 to 10 em, while height ranges from 10 to 50 em. The distance between adjacent parallel and sub­parallel columns vary from .2 to 1.5 em or even more at places.

Branching of column is very conspicuous. The lower broader colunms divided into narrower column, which are sub-parallel to the main column. The inter­columnar spaces are usually filled up with argillaceous and micrite materials Laminae are moderate to more convex. The convexrty is higher near point of branching. The coefficient of convexity vanes from .15 to .2.

This form compares well with the passrvely branching group of Jumsania (Cloud & Semrkhatov 1%9 1, Jumsania ltimalavdw F. nov. (Sinha, 1977). Such

fonw' are al"o known from Precambrian Arki area 1 Hm1alaya ), Deoban formation H.P.IPrashra, 1977) The ;1bm c funn differs from Juru~ania hnnaly1ka F.No\·. nf .tfl.,J ardt h~ higgcr he1ght and diameter.

\gr: {,roup .lllm<:tlllhl l' ch3TJLIC'fi'\IIC Clf l'ppt"·r

R1plw;m tn \'enthan

121 <Tn~ur

i •>1111

58 Rajava Guhey and Deeptma Sinha

MorpllOlogical Attributes

Columns are unusually elongated <ub-parallel and inclined. The diameter of columns ranges from 2 to 4cm with thinning and thtckening m d1fferent levels. The length of columns ranges from few em to a meter. The inter-columnar area varies from .2 to !em and filled with argi1laceous and calcareous materials. The stromatolitic structure is well preserved in dolomiuzed rock.

The non-branching characte" of the columns distingutsh them as belonging to the gwup Colonnella Komar-1966 and Masloviella Korolzuk 1960. Such forms are reported from Burzyan senes and Avzyan series (middle Riphean) of south Urals (Keller 1960), Krylov (1960). In Jagdalpur lime,tone these are associated with Jurusania, that is very Significant.

Age: Middle Riphean

(3) Group: Boxonia Korolyuk. !960. Form· Boxonia graciltn Korolyuk. 1960

Fig .fa. b anJ c

Morpholo~ical Attributes

Stromatolite~ are 8 to SOon long. and consisting of tubcruu~ and trregular cyhndnc,l\columns varying in diameter upto I O-l2cm. Branchtng of column is very conspiCUOUS.

Th1s form compares well w1th the passively branching group of Jurusania (Cloud & Semikhatov 1969), Jurusania himalaytka F.nov (Smha, 1977). Such forms are also known from Precarnbnan Arki area (Himalaya), Deoban formation H.P. (Prashra 1977). The above form differs from Jurusama himalyika F.Nov. of arki area by bigger height and diameter.

Age: Group Boxonia gractlies, Korolyuk represent middle to Upper Riphean age.

(4) Group: Cryptophyton Raben & Komar 1982 Form: Cryptophyton convolutum

Fig. 5

Morphological Attributes

It is a compressed domal structure present only in one type area before Gupteshwar Temple. The diameter of column varies from 2cm to Scm (in cross sectiOn view) and shows sub-circular to elliptical shape in plan view Fig. 5. The lammae exhibtt higher convexity at the base and almost flat at the top. The structure has been traversed by stylolite veins exhibtting bedded stmcture.

These depressed fonn~ shO\v the similarity with the nodular structure named Cryntophyton convolutum 1966. The similar forms reponed earlier as Collenia

1 !1• t-_, ,1, •]\ ut.. I IINl Br.11l~ ]llll): I' ~·~'ll'J'i' th•ll' IlK' ~tm~ tun: dtX''" llt)\

.. :·.~. "'-··!.~~ Rl•<l \c,!~o•n (,ttplc,h,,,,.

Morphologv and Pafaeoenvirolmtcnt of Stromatolites firom Neoproter.'''"', 1 1 · B · ''hh 1· 1 - '-" <.: nc mvat1 asm, ....__ at 1sgar! S()

Fig. '5. Compre..;sed columns of CryrropiJytml convolutum. Fm.Raben & Komar, 1982. it has been tra'j~rsed by St)lolite Yeins Locality : Near Kolah Rtver, Gupteshwar.

Table 1. Stratigraphic ..,uccro.,:-.10n of lndravatJ Group (After Ramakrishna, 1987).

Jagdalpur Purple shale with purple gray stromatolitic

N Formation Jolomitc (Machkot Member)

D

R Kanger Limestone Purple Limestone

A Formation Gray Ltmestone

v T Cherkur Purple shale 'Aith arkose Sandstone

I Formation WIth chert pebble conglomerate

G

R Tiratgarh Chitrakut M. Quartz Arenite

0 .Formation Mendn M. Subarkose and Conglomerate

ll

p ------------------- U niconf orm it y--- ---------------------------------

.·\rchaean Granite and supracrustals

r\mmcflllll F{'f1(ill1 ,tnd Ft:nton (JtJ'7f as ... emblages The environmental aspect of stromatolitic 'tudy h.-e developed largely through analogy of anCJent stromatoht1c fonns with recent stromatolites. \gf': ( ir~ l\lr ( ·nprop/n tmL_Li_!!J.l o/_lj]_j_t_!!_!_ tlL'l'llrS Ill

t ppt.'r R1phc.m

I' \1. \FOE'I,YIRO"'\IE"'T ..\'I, I> .\CE

( ); ; ~ · , • • r 1 ! r : •

li' ,. '• (,,

,. " "" 'I:' ,: :.:L , ·'!l!!nllcd

.: 1, .:tll!l;d

:!PlT!h

The identified -::.tromatolites m present paper matnly belong to Jurusania, Colonnella elongatus. Bo\.onia graCJiies. Cryptophyton convolutum etc. These stromatolitic as:-.emhlage:-, ind1cate manne mtert1dal f1.1t em 1nmmcnt The ..,hallo\\ intcrtu.lal em Ironment 1, .1ho ,upporteJ h~ the <Kt.:tuTencc of mtraformational c~mglomcr.llc 111 J.tgdalpur shale and limestone 1 Lo(.dtl~ Kotp.id.trl.

RcL"ardmf: the .1~c . .;;naal \\orker' had attempted ,tratl~r.~p!ll~ t~l.lv,rfH .. :atmn nf Prc\:amhnan Fonnatum nn tlw 1,.1,,, nl ,tfll/ll,ltnhth.: ,I"Cillhl.tgL'' :\ot.thlc I'\ till'

60 Ra;ecm Cufu·y and Decpima Smha

subdivisions ofRtphean (Late proterozoic) of USSR into three sub-divisions: Lower Riphean (1650-1350 my), middle Riphean (1350-950 my) & Upper Riphean(950-

650 my) by Raaben(!969). It is remarkable that this zonation is m good agreement with palaeontological

evidence being supported by absolute age data. The Upper Riphean age of Jagdalpur FormatiOn is also

supported by the K-Ar age (750-700my) of older Chitrakot formations. (Kruzer 1977). The present

assemblnges also indicate the Upper Riphean for Jagdalpur Formation.

Acknowledgemems: Authors are grateful to Director, Birbal Sahni lnstitute of palaeobotany, Lucknow, UP. for prov1ding necessary facilities to identify stromatplite types. Author (RG) is thankful to University Grants Commission, for financial support We are thankful to Dr. S.R.Ingle, Principal, Government Science College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, for extending help and cooperation.

References

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