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Page 1: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Chapter 7

Page 2: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages?Fall of RomeAfter the fall we see political, social, and

economic declineEurope was cut off from the rest of the

world The culture of this period > called the

Medieval civilization

Page 3: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Various Germanic kingdoms set up Goths, Vandals, Saxons,

and Franks Different from Romans >

they were farmers and herders

Divided Western Europe into smaller kingdoms

New power emerging across the Mediterranean Religion of Islam Battle of Tours > Charles

Martel > Frankish king > stops Muslim advance into France

Page 4: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was
Page 5: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

King of the Franks > Charlemagne > Charles the GreatReunites much of western Roman empire

Charlemagne’s Achievements

Page 6: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

MagyarsSettled in present-day

HungaryControlled much of

Eastern Europe Vikings

Home > Scandinavia? Norway, Denmark, and

SwedenFarmers, expert sailors,

destructive raiders, traders, & explorers

Page 7: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Medieval society > network of mutual obligations

Feudalism Arose out of the need for protection Loosely organized system of rule in which powerful

local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords (vassals)

Varied from place to place

Page 8: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Feudal contract Exchange of pledges Vassal granted a fief (estate) which included

peasants Lord promised vassal protection for his loyalty

& military service

Page 9: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Monarch Powerful lords

Dukes and Counts Vassals (lesser lords)

Page 10: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Lords battled with each other Knights

Mounted warrior >usually fought on horseback Training difficult

Mock battles > tournaments Defended castle (home of the lord)

Page 11: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Code of Chivalry Knights code of conduct

Standard for behavior Bravery, loyalty, fairness in battle, etc.

Troubadours Wandering musicians > sang about the deeds of

knights Basis for epic stories and poems

Page 12: Chapter 7. What marks the beginning of the Middle Ages? Fall of Rome After the fall we see political, social, and economic decline Europe was

Heart of the medieval economy > manor (lord’s estate) One or more villages and the surrounding land

Most peasants on manor were serfs (bound to the land) Tied to the lord through mutual rights and obligations Farmed the lord’s land in return they were protected Peasants guaranteed food, housing, and land

Manor > self-sufficient Everything was produced there that was needed to live

Peasant life was harsh Long working hours Poor harvest = starvation Disease was common


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