IMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION

Chapter 7

Section 1

NEW IMMIGRATION

WHAT NATIONALITY ARE YOU?

Nationalities in Class Total Students: Figure out % Create a graph that

represents nationalities Title Axis labels Figures for each

section of graph Color it in!

http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/pie-charts.html

WHAT NATIONALITY ARE YOU? (PICK ONE)

1. Irish2. Italian3. German4. French5. Polish6. Mexican7. Japanese8. Chinese9. Other

• Italy• Austria-Hungary• Russia

• escape religious persecution• Overpopulated• Find good jobs and farmland• freer lives

• China• Japan

• make money• seek fortunes• obtain better paying jobs

• Mexico• Jamaica• Cuba• Puerto Rico• West Indies (islands)

• find work• lived in territories taken over by U.S.• flee political turmoil

1. List basic objects you see? Do they symbolize anything?

2. What people/groups do you see? Who are they or who do they represent?

3. How is the Statue of Liberty portrayed? Why do you think that is?

4. What writing is in the cartoon? What does it say?

5. What is the title?6. Explain the message of

the cartoon.7. How do you think the

illustrator viewed immigration?“Dumping European Garbage”

Judge magazine, 1890

PART B

NATIVE-BORN NEW IMMIGRANTS

RESTRICTIONS Rise of nativism (overt

favoritism towards native-born Americans) “right countries” (anglo-

saxon; Germanic; historically progressive and energetic)

“wrong countries” (slav, latin, asian, historically downtrodden and stagnant)

Religious objections Roman Catholics Jews

ANTI-ASIAN SENTIMENT

Chinese Exclusion Act – banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and gov. officials for ten years. Extended ten additional years Extended indefinately Repealed in 1943

Gentlemen’s Agreement – Japan limit emigration of unskilled workers in exchange for U.S. repealing San Francisco segregation laws.

URBAN OPPORTUNITIES

The People Why was each group drawn to cities in the Northeast and Midwest?

1. Immigrants

2. Farmers

3.African Americans

Urban ProblemsCauses:

Rapid population increase

Low wages

Section 3

POLITICS IN THE GILDED AGE

GILDED AGE

Gilded Age – a period of greed and self-indulgence

Rapid growth with inefficient government

Social Darwinism Vulnerable to the

political machines

Political Machines

Local Precinct Captains• In charge of a city block

• Try to gain votes/support for the party (Often 1st or 2nd generation immigrants – related to other

immigrants)• worked with the bosses to elect certain candidates

Ward Bosses• secure votes in all precincts

in a ward (electoral district)• helped the poor and immigrants to gain their votes

(doing favors or providing services such as naturalization for immigrants)

• worked with the bosses to elect certain candidates

City Boss• controlled the activities of the political party throughout the city

• worked with wards and captains to elect certain candidates• Controlled access to municipal jobs and business licenses

• influenced the courts and municipal agencies• influenced by money or votes

“BOSS” TWEED

Political machines often committed fraud

Once won, they would take advantage of graft opportunities and kick backs

Tammany Hall – NYC’s Democratic party political machine

William “Boss” Tweed and his ring used schemes to gain money

Thomas Nast – political cartoonist who helped arouse suspicion.

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

Chapter 8 Section 3

SEGREGATION AND DISCRIMINATION

RESTRICTIONS

VOTING RESTRICTIONS FORMAL RESTRICTIONS

Literacy Test Poll tax Grandfather clause

Jim Crow Laws Public Segregation

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Separate but equal Brown v. Board of

Education

RESTRICTIONS (CONT)

INFORMAL RESTRICTIONS

Racial etiquette Violence

Burning Lynching

Job discrimination

Strange Fruit

PLESSY V. FERGUSON (1896)

How many Supreme Court justices? _____ How do they become justices? ______________ How long do they serve? _________________ Supreme Court Case terms:

Plaintiff – a person/group who is challenging the lower courts’ decisions

Defense – person/group/law being challenged or accused

Majority opinion – summary of the decision by the court

Dissent – summary of the opinions of the judges who voted against the majority

PAPERS FOR TEST

The New Immigrants (7-1 worksheet) Immigration Webquest How the other Half Lives (7-2

worksheet) Boss Tweed (7-3 worksheet) Segregation and discrimination

worksheet (8-3) Political Cartoon Analysis worksheet