Chapter 6

INFORMATION SYSTEM

Concepts of Information System

Data

•Are the raw ,unprocessed facts,including text,numbers,images and sound

•It is not organised and has little value

Informations

•It is organised data

•It is valuable and meaningful to a specific user

Information

system

•Collection of hardware,software, data,people, and procedures

•It collects data, processes data and provides information

General Usage Of Information System In Various fields

•Keep track of students statistics and grades

•Help students and teachers in online learning and discussion.

Educations

•Carry our online buying and selling

•Help plan the delivery of goods and services.

Business

•See employee records

•Analyse products,services and products prices

Management

Informations System

Components

Hardware

Software

People

Data

Data Are the raw Unprocessed facts,including text,numbers,images and sound Processed data is called information

Hardware Is the equipment that processes the data to create information. It includes keyboard,mouse,monitor,system unit and other

devices.

Software Is series of instructions that tells a computer what to do The purpose is to convert data into informations

People Is anyone who communicate with computer or utilizes the

information it generates

Five types of informations systems

Transactions processing System

(TPS)

Management Information System

(MIS)

Expert System (ES)/ Artifical

Intelligence (AI)

Executive Information

System(EIS)

Decision Support System(DSS)

Hierarchy of Data

EIS(Making decision)

DSS (Analyze)MIS(Summarize)

TPS (Record)

Top Management

Middle Management

Supervisor

Meaning•A

binary digit,the smallest piece of information yhat a computer can hold

•Always one of two values,written as 1 or 0

Bit

•Is series of 8 bits

•Which represent a single character(number,symbol,letter)

Byte

•Combinations of one or more character or bytes

•Are smallest units of information

field

•Is a collection of related fields

•Each record is represented by a row in the table

Record•Colle

ction of related data

File (table)

•Collection of related files

•Stored in storage medium

database

SOFTWAREDEFINITION

Database Is a structured collection of data Is organized so that enables people to add,find

sort, group,summarize,and print the data.

DBMS Is a software that can manage a database Allows to use a computer to create a

database,add and delete data in the database.

Benefits of using DBMS

1. Improved Data Integrity2. Avoid data redundancy3. Data can be shared over a network4. Information can be accessed easily5. Data Security

Definition

• Is a field that contains a value

• Uniquely identifies each record in the table

Primary key

• Is a field in a relational table that matches the primary key column of another tableForeign

key

Importance of primary key

1. Ensures that no two records ina database contains the same value for that fields

2. Uniquely identifies the records For example: IC number Field uniquely identifies

each students because no two students can have the same IC numbers

Database Objects

Table Form Query

Report Relationship

Basic Operations of Data Manipulation

update

Insert Search

modify Filter

Delete Sort

Retrieve

Usage Of basic Operation

•To update records

Update

•To Insert new records

Insert/Add

•To delete records

Delete

•To modify records

Modify

•To retrieve records

Retrieve

•To sort records whether ascending or descending

Sort

• List one or more records using certain condition Filter

• Find records according using certain conditionsSearch