Chapter 6Chapter 6

HeatHeat

Definition: the transfer Definition: the transfer of energy (thermal) of energy (thermal) between objects that between objects that are at different are at different temperatures.temperatures.

Energy is always Energy is always transferred from the transferred from the object with the higher object with the higher temperature to the temperature to the object with the lowest object with the lowest temperaturetemperature

When you put ice in water, are the cold ice molecules

moving into the warm water or vice versa?

Thermal EquilibriumThermal Equilibrium

Thermal equilibrium is the point at Thermal equilibrium is the point at which two objects reach the same which two objects reach the same temperature. temperature.

Kick off during resource*give out packets*show powerpoint*go over pg 3&4*go over calendar

ConductionConduction The transfer of The transfer of

thermal energy thermal energy from one from one substance to substance to another through another through direct contactdirect contact

Conductors – Conductors – conduct thermal conduct thermal energy very wellenergy very well

Insulators – do not Insulators – do not conduct thermal conduct thermal energy very wellenergy very well

Give an example of something that uses

conduction

ConvectionConvection

Transfer of thermal Transfer of thermal energy by the energy by the movement of a movement of a liquid or a gasliquid or a gas

Circular motion is Circular motion is due to density due to density differences – these differences – these are called are called convection convection currentscurrents

Give an example of something that uses

convection

RadiationRadiation

Transfer of energy Transfer of energy through matter or through matter or space as space as electromagnetic electromagnetic waveswaves

Give an example of something that uses

radiation

TemperatureTemperature Temperature is a measure of the Temperature is a measure of the

averageaverage kinetic energy of particles in kinetic energy of particles in an objectan object

The more kinetic energy, the higher The more kinetic energy, the higher the temperaturethe temperature

Measuring TemperatureMeasuring Temperature

Thermometers measure Thermometers measure temperature by temperature by thermal expansion thermal expansion – – the increase in volume due to an the increase in volume due to an increase in temperatureincrease in temperature

Temperature ScalesTemperature Scales

ConversionsConversions

Absolute ZeroAbsolute Zero

Lowest temperature on the Kelvin Lowest temperature on the Kelvin scalescale

It is the lowest temperature that can It is the lowest temperature that can be achievedbe achieved

All particle movement stops All particle movement stops

What do you think would happen to the world if the

temperature went to absolute zero?

Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Temperature, Thermal Energy, and

HeatHeat

Matter and HeatMatter and Heat

States of Matter: solid, liquid, gas, and States of Matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasmaplasma

Changes of StateChanges of State

The physical change that affects one or The physical change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance more physical properties of a substance without changing the identity of the without changing the identity of the substancesubstance

Freezing – liquid to solidFreezing – liquid to solid Melting – solid to liquidMelting – solid to liquid vaporization – liquid to gasvaporization – liquid to gas Condensation – gas to liquidCondensation – gas to liquid Sublimation – solid to gasSublimation – solid to gas

http://www.footprints-science.co.uk/states.htm

If water boils at 100 degrees Celsius If water boils at 100 degrees Celsius and was left on the stove for a half and was left on the stove for a half hour, what would the temperature of hour, what would the temperature of the remaining water be?the remaining water be?

Why?Why?