chapter 5: fertilizer – a source of plant nutrients
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients. Fertilizer = Any material containing one or more of the essential nutrient that is added to the soil or to plant foilage for the purpose of supplementing the plant nutrient supply. Types of Fertilizer. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients
Fertilizer = Any material containing one or more of the essential nutrient that is added to the soil or to plant foilage for the purpose of supplementing the plant nutrient supply.
Types of Fertilizer
Simple Nutrient – Containing only a single nutrient.
Multi-Nutrient – Referred to as mixed or complex fertilizers. (can be blended or homogeneous)
Anhydrous Ammonia
NH3
82-0-0Is combined with
hydrogenVery energy intensiveAmmonia is
absorbed readilyInjected in soil
Aqua Ammonia
NH4OH20-0-0Dissolved in waterVapor pressure is
low so can apply it with lower cost equipment
Injected in soil or water
Ammonia Nitrate
NH4NO3
34-0-0Reacting nitric
acid with anhydrous ammonia
Prilled granulated or coated
Applied by broadcast or drill
Ammonia Nitrate - Lime
26-0-0Contains Calcium
Carbonate (40% limestone)
Same ways to apply as Ammonia Nitrate
Ammonium Sulfate
(NH4)2SO4
21-0-0-24SContains 24% sulfurMade by reacting
anhydrous ammonia with sulfuric acid
Apply by drill or broadcast
Calcium Nitrate
5Ca(NO3)2 +NH4NO3
15.5-0-0-19 CaProduct of Nitric
phosphate+phosphate ore and ammonia
Final product is white granular product
Nitrogen Solutions
Dry mixes in solution are used to enhance nitrogen availability
AN-20 Ammonia NitrateUAN-32 urea ammonium
nitrateCAN-17 Calcium nitrate
ammonium nitrateSalting out
Urea
CO(NH2)2 46-0-0Highest percent N of
all dry fertilizersCO2 bubbled in
Ammonia (pressure and temperatures)
Highly water solubleUsed in bulk blends
Nitrogen Solutions
Pressure or non pressure – Pressure solutions have more free ammonia than the solution can absorb, thus it must be contained in vessel.
AN-20, UAN-32,and CAN 17
Single Superphosphate
Ca(H2PO4)2 . H20 + CaSO4 . 2H20
0-20-0Produced by reacting sulfuric acid with
finely ground phosphate rock.Highly insoluble
Triple Superphosphate
Ca(H2PO4)2 . H20
0-45-0Produced by reacting phosphoric acid
with finely ground phosphate rock.
Ammonium Phosphate
Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) 11-52-0Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) 18-46-0Ammonium Phosphate Sulfate 16-20-0-15(S)Tech – higher grades of MAP & DAP,
12-61-0 and 21-53-0.Liquid forms – 8-24-0, 9-30-0, 10-34-0, &
11-37-0
Potassium Chloride
KCL0-0-60Known as Muriate of potash (MOP)Least expensive so most commonly used.
Potassium Sulfate
K2SO4
0-0-52Sulfate of Potash (SOP)Used in crops that are subject to chloride
toxicity or where K & S are deficient.
Mono Potassium Phosphate
KH2PO4
0-52-34MKPUseful dry or liquid
Potassium Magnesium Sulfate
K2SO4 . 2MgSO4
0-0-22-11Mg- 22SDoes not contain chloride
Potassium Nitrate
KNO3
13-0-45Water soluble fertilizer for injection in
irrigation systems & foliar sprays.
Organic Fertilizers
Types?
Controlled Released Fertilizers
Why?