Chapter 4 Lesson 2

Early Settlers (pages 142-143)

Interior plains:• Assiniboines and Blackfoot hunted the buffalo.

They used all parts of the buffalo for tools , weapons, clothing and shelters.

Western Canada:• Haidas and Nootkas relied on the ocean and

the thick woods for their resources. They built dugout canoes and their shelters from trees.

Northern Canadian Shield:• The Chipewyans and Crees lived very harsh

lives hunting small game animals. Too cold to farm

Arctic Islands region:• Inuit lived in earth house sor animal skin tents.

Their tools, weapons came from scarce natural resources that came from bones , antlers, horns and teeth.

French and British Pages 144-145

• 1497 Giovanni Gaboto claimed Newfoundland for the British.

• 1535 Jacques Cartier sailed up the St Lawrence River and claimed it for France. He called it Canada based on the Iroquois word Kanata – which means Groups of Huts.

• 1754-1763 French and Indian War. French and Indians vs. British. British won and renamed New France to Quebec. Also agreed to a peace treaty called the Quebec Act- which allowed French to keep their personal rights

• This angered the American Colonies- thinking that the British gave more rights to the French than the British citizen in the 13 colonies.

Becoming a Nation (pages 146-147)

• Canada Day – July 1-similar to Independence Day in USA• Canada grew due to British settlers

and Loyalists from the colonies (USA)• 1784 the British gave the loyalists

half of Nova Scotia and named it New Brunswick

• 1791 British separated into two colonies- upper part was mostly British called Ontario and the lower part was mostly French and became Quebec.

• July 1, 1867 A law- The British North American Act-A single government called Canada was formed. Canada became a Dominion. Not totally free, England still had some control

• 1869 Rupert’s Land was purchased ( Manitoba, Alberta, and Saskatchewan )

• 1871 British Columbia• 1873 Prince Edward Island• 1949 Newfoundland• 1964 National flag• 1982 Total Independence-

Constitution Act- included a new bill of rights called The Charter of Rights and Freedom