Chapter 3 Vocabulary

The Israelites

1. Monotheism - the belief in one god.2. Torah - laws received by Moses

from God, that later became the first part of the Hebrew Bible.

3. Covenant - an agreement.4. Tribe - group of related families.5. Tribute - payment made by one

group or nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection.

• 6. Prophet - person who claims to be instructed by god to share God’s word.

• 7. Empire - a nation that rules several other nations.

• 8. proverb - wise saying; many were created by King Solomon.

• 9. Philistines - strongest people living in Canaan; made iron tools and weapons.

• 10. Samaritans - name for Assyrians who settled around Samaria.

• 11. exile - forced to live in a foreign land.• 12. synagogue - Jewish house of worship.• 13. messiah - deliverer sent by God.• 14. rabbi - Jewish teacher and teacher of

the Torah.• 15. Judaism - the Israelite religion that

focuses on only one God.• 16. kosher - food that is prepared

according to Jewish dietary law.

• 17. Hanukkah - Jewish holiday celebrating the festival of lights in the month of December.

• 18. zealot - Jews who wanted to fight the Romans for their freedom.• 19. Diaspora - a Greek word that means scattered.• 20. Pharisees - group of Jews who

taught that the Torah applied to home and family.

• 21. Sadducees - a group of Jews who taught that the Torah applied to the priests in the Temple.

• 22. Essenes - a group of Jews who spent their lives praying and waiting for God to deliver the Jews from the Romans.

• 23. Maccabees - a group of Jews who formed an army to fight against the Greeks.

• 24. Dead Sea Scrolls - ancient writings of the Essenes found in the desert.

• 25. Sabbath - weekly day of worship and rest for Jews.

• 26. Kashrut - Jewish laws about food which means “that which is proper”.