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Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of battle in Europe.

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Page 1: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

Chapter 27, Section 4:The Allies Turn the Tide

Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of battle in Europe.

Page 2: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

A. Bleak Days for the AlliesThe Germans dominated Europe for much of 1942, America’s first year in the war.

Soviets Under SiegeSoviets Under SiegeGerman armies were closing in on Moscow, Leningrad, & Stalingrad. The Soviets resisted German attacks by destroying crops & farm equipment so that the Germans couldn’t use it.– During the 900-day siege of Leningrad, over 1

million Russian civilians died, mostly from starvation.

Japanese AdvancesJapanese AdvancesAt the same time, Japan took Guam, Wake Isl., Hong Kong & Singapore after Pearl Harbor. General Douglas MacArthur tried to defend the Philippines & Bataan with few men against overwhelming odds, but was forced to retreat.– He vows, “I shall return” to the Philippines.

Japan also takes Malaya, Burma, & Dutch East Indies.

Page 3: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of
Page 4: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

Axis Powers in 1942Axis Powers in 1942

Germany(& Italy)

Japan

Page 5: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

B. The Tide TurnsBritain & the US decided it was more important to defeat Germany 1st, then focus on Japan.

Japanese DefeatsJapanese DefeatsThe Pacific – Battles of Midway & Guadalcanal

Victories in North AfricaVictories in North AfricaBritain defeated German forces, under General Erwin Rommel, in El Alamein, Egypt.US troops, under Generals Eisenhower, Patton, & Bradley, forced Rommel’s surrender in Tunisia.

Successes in EuropeSuccesses in EuropeAllied forces invaded Italy from N. Africa & Sicily.– Mussolini was overthrown, but Germany still occupied

much of the country. Eventually, they were driven out.

The Soviet army held their ground & turn back the Germans at Leningrad & Stalingrad, pushing them westward, back through Eastern Europe Mussolini & His

Mistress Are Hung in Milan,

1945

Page 6: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

The Battle of Midway Island: June 4-6, 1942

The Battle of Midway Island: June 4-6, 1942

Page 7: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

The North Africa Campaign:

The Battle of El Alamein, 1942

The North Africa Campaign:

The Battle of El Alamein, 1942

Gen. Erwin Rommel,

The “Desert Fox”

Gen. Bernard Law

Montgomery(“Monty”)

Page 8: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

The Italian Campaign [“Operation Torch”] :

Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”

The Italian Campaign [“Operation Torch”] :

Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”

The Allies Liberate Rome:

June 5, 1944

The Allies Liberate Rome:

June 5, 1944

Page 9: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

C. Opening a 2nd FrontStalin was desperate for Britain & the US to attack Germany from the West (through France) to take pressure off his armies in the East.

Operation Overlord – code name for invasion of Europe by US & GB– General Eisenhower (US) is in charge of all

Allied forces in Europe & directs the invasion.

“Atlantic Wall” – German fortification of the coast to prepare for invasion (mines, barbed wire, machine guns, concrete walls, etc.)

D-Day InvasionD-Day InvasionD-Day – On June 6, 1944, Allied troops crossed the English Channel & landed in Normandy, France to begin the invasion.By August 25, 1944, the Allies entered Paris & liberated France from German occupation, after 4 years of Nazi rule.– Within a month, all of France was free.

Page 10: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation

Overlord”]

Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation

Overlord”]

Normandy Landing (June 6, 1944)

Normandy Landing (June 6, 1944)

Page 11: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of
Page 12: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of
Page 13: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

TThe Liberation of Paris:August 25, 1944TThe Liberation of Paris:August 25, 1944

De Gaulle in Triumph!

Page 14: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

D. Victory in EuropeAdvancing Toward GermanyAdvancing Toward Germany

In the winter of 1944-45, Germany launched a counterattack against the Allied forces, pushing them back & creating a bulge in the front lines.

Known as the Battle of the Bulge, it slowed the Allies, but did not stop them.

– Audie Murphy became the most decorated American soldier in WWII for his bravery here.

Meanwhile, Germany was being bombed day (factories & oil refineries) & night (cities) by Allied planes to “soften it up” for a ground invasion.

– This created fuel shortages for Germany, which seriously hurt its ability to fight.

Page 15: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

The Battle of the Bulge: Hitler’s Last OffensiveThe Battle of the Bulge: Hitler’s Last OffensiveDec. 16, 1944

toJan. 28, 1945

Page 16: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of
Page 17: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of
Page 18: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

European Theater of Operations

European Theater of Operations

Page 19: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

A New PresidentA New President

President Roosevelt defeated Thomas Dewey, governor of NY, in the Election of 1944 to win his fourth term as President (only one).

While on vacation in Georgia, Roosevelt died in April 1945 after serving 12 years as President (longest ever).

Vice President Harry S Truman is sworn in as President, taking over with WWII still in progress.

Congress will later pass the 22nd Amendment in 1951, which limited the President to 2 consecutive terms for a maximum of 10 years.

– If you take over another President’s term with less than half of it remaining, you can run twice.

Page 20: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

Germany is DefeatedGermany is Defeated

By April 1945, Germany was collapsing.US & British troops were closing in on

Berlin from the West, while Soviet troops advanced from the East.

On April 25, American & Soviet troops met at Torgau, 60 miles south of Berlin.

Meanwhile, Allied planes continued to pound Berlin with bombs.

Hitler committed suicide on April 30th in his underground bunker, and Germany surrendered a week later, on May 7th.

May 8 = V-E Day - Victory in Europe

Page 21: Chapter 27, Section 4: The Allies Turn the Tide Main Idea: Despite some early defeats, a series of Allied military successes helped to turn the tide of

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945

The Führer’s Bunker

Cyanide & Pistols

Mr. & Mrs. Hitler


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