chapter 25 section 3 industrialization spreads. key terms stock corporation
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 25 SECTION 3
Industrialization Spreads
Key Terms
StockCorporation
Factors of Success
Political stability-1700’s at home the country was a peace, commerce thrived
Government support-Parliament passed laws that favored business
Growth of private investment-private funding for research and development
Industrialization Spreads
Western Europe, Americas
Asia and Africa did not industrialize in the 1800’s
Industry and the West
Western countries individual freedom a significant force
People enjoyed political liberty
People could compete Western societies
competition as goodWealth and fame was
the reward
Industry and the West
Westerners exploited other countries to compete
Competed to improve inventions or processes
Industry Comes to America
Britain outlawed the export of certain machines
Forbid skilled craftsman from leaving the country
1760- 1830 Industrial Revolution mainly in Great Britain
Industry comes to the America
United States one of the first places to benefit from Industrialization
1791 Alexander Hamilton (Secretary of the Treasury) Industrialization would
help the United States gain economic independence
Wanted government to bribe British citizens to bring knowledge to U.S.
Industry Comes to America
Samuel Slater came from Britain
Built a model of the water frame in Rhode Island
1793 built Slater’s Mill In Pawtucket Rhode island
Became the father of American industry
Industry Comes to America
Textile mill technology spreads
Lowell Massachusetts becomes the jewel of American Industry
Lowell’s mills were forty multistory buildings on a network of 6 miles of canals
Industry Comes to America
Lowell first all in one mill
Took raw cotton to fiber to finished cloth
Hired young single girls
Provided good wages and clean housing
10,000 workers employed by 1850
Late Expansion of U.S. Industry
1800’s Northeast experienced industrial growth
U.S. was agricultural till end of the Civil War
Wealth of natural resources Oil, coal, iron Invention like the
electric light bulb and telephone
Late Expansion of U.S. Industry
Railroad played a major part Chicago, stock yards Minneapolis’ grain Expanded in late
1800’sA few companies
controlled all the railroads
Rise of Corporations
Stock-certain rights of ownership
Corporation- a business owned by stockholders who share profits, but are not personally responsible for its debts
Late 1800’s Standard Oil, John D.
Rockefeller Carnegie Steel, Andrew
Carnegie
Industry Spreads to Europe
1807 William Cockerill founded a textile factory in Belgium
Political unrest delayed industrialization of France
1848 France becomes an industrial power
Treaties helped drop trade barriers
Germany Industrializes
Politically divided in early 1800’s
Ruhr Valley was coal rich
Germany began to copy British model
Sent children to England to learn industrial management
Imported British equipment and engineers
Germany Industrializes
Germany build railroads that linked manufacturing cities
Germany’s economic strength spurred ability to develop a military
Late 1800’s Germany became a industrial and military giant
Expansion Elsewhere in Europe
Bohemia developed a spinning industry
Spain processed more cotton than Belgium
Northern Italy mechanized its textile production
Serf labor ran factories in Moscow and Saint Petersburg
Expansion Elsewhere in Europe
France had industrial growth after 1830
Industrialization more measured and controlled
Agriculture remained strong
1850 France began railway construction
Some countries were delayed because of social structures
Industry in Asia
Although today Japan is one of the more industrialized nations
Took until 1868 for Industrial Revolution to take hold
Meiji government came to power modernized the country
Japan was ahead of its Asian neighbors
Transformation of Society
1700-1900 revolutions in agriculture, production, transportation, and communication
Industrialization gave Europe tremendous economic power
Industrialization changed every aspect of life
Health and wealth rose dramatically
Transformation of Society
Development of the middle class
Created opportunities in Education Democratic
participationGreater democratic
participation in turn, fueled a powerful movement for social reform