CHAPTER 25Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution:

The 1920's and 1930's

The WestEncounters and Transformations

Levack/Muir/Veldman/Maas

Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. Cultural Despair and Desire

II. Out of the Trenches: Reconstructing National and Gender Politics in the 1920's

III. The Rise of the Radical Right

IV. The Polarization of Politics in the 1930's

V. The West and the World: Imperialism in the Interwar Era

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. Cultural Despair and Desire

A. The Waste Land

T.S. Eliot (1888-1965)

"The Waste Land", 1922

Karl Barth (1886-1968)

Rudolf Bultmann (1884-1976)

Martin Heidegger (1889-1976)

Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)

Nausea

Otto Dix (1891-1969)

Flanders, 1934

B. Building Something Better

Bauhaus

Walter Gropius (1883-1969)

W. H. Auden (1907-1973)

Dmitri Shostakovich

Second Symphony, 1927

Le Corbusier (1887-1965)

Nuclear Physics

Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937

James Chadwick (1891-1974)

Nuclear fission

Otto Hahn (1879-1968)

Fritz Strassmann (1902-1980)

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. Out of the Trenches: Reconstructing National and Gender Politics in the 1920's

A. Russia

Bolsheviks

Cheka - secret police

Lenin

New Economic Policy, 1921

B. Eastern and Central Europe

Poland

Marshal Josef Pilsudski (1867-1935)

Weimar Republic

Free Corps

Wolfgang Kapp (1858-1922)

Erich von Ludendorff

Kapp Putsch

Adolf Hitler

"Beer Hall Putsch"

Hyperinflation

from1923

Dawes Plan

Reparations restructured

C. Gender

"New Woman“

Family size decreases

Reaction

Mother's Day

Bolsheviks

Gains for women

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Rise of the Radical Right

A. Fascism

Benito Mussolini (1883-1945)

Milan, 1919

Victor Emmanuel III (1900-1946)

Makes Mussolini prime minister

B. The Great Depression

American Stock Market collapses, 1929

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Rise of the Radical Right

C. Nazis

National Socialist German Worker's Party

Adolf Hitler

Mein Kampf

Sturmablteilung (SA)

Economy

Highways

Propaganda

Leni Riefenstahl (1902-2003)

Schutzstaffein (SS)

Communist party

Jews

Nuremberg Laws, 1935

Jews targeted

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. The Polarization of Politics in the 1930's

A. Soviet Union under Stalin

Leon Trotsky (1879-1940)

Nikolai Bukharin (1888-1938)

Joseph Stalin (1879-1953)

B. Collectivization and Industrialization, 1928-1934

Great social mobility

e.g. Nikita Krushchev (1894-1971)

C. The Great Purge and Soviet Society, 1934-1939

Trotsky, exiled, 1929, murdered, 1940

Kamenev, executed 1936

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. The Polarization of Politics in the 1930's

D. The Democracies Respond

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)

"New Deal"

Social Security Act of 1935

John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946)

France, The Popular Front

Leon Blum (1872-1950)

E. The Spanish Civil War

Monarchy replaced by republic, 1931

Popular Front, 1936

Civil War, 1936-1939

Francisco Franco (1892-1975)

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

V. The West and the World: Imperialism in the Interwar Era

A. The Irish Revolution

Easter Rising, 1916

Irish Republican Army

Michael Collins

B. Postwar Nationalism

Treaty of Sevres

Ottoman Empire dissolved

Pan-Arabism

Egypt

Wafd

Muslim Brotherhood, 1928

Turkey

Mustafa Kemal Pasha

> Kemal Ataturk

Westernization

Arabia, Wahhabism

Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1787)

Sharia

Abd al-Aziz Ibn Saud (c.1888-1953)

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

V. The West and the World: Imperialism in the Interwar Era

C. India

Mohandas Ghandi (1869-1948)

Satyagraha

D. The Power of the Primitive

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

Carl Jung (1875-1961)

archetypes

Herman Hesse (1877-1962)

Siddhartha

Négritude

Leopold Senghor (1906-2001)

President of Senegal

Chapter 25: Reconstruction, Reaction and Continuing Revolution: The 1920's and 1930's

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007