chapter 22, part 1
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 22, part 1. The Lymphatic System and Immunity. Learning Objectives. Describe the structure and function of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs List the body’s nonspecific defenses and describe the components and mechanisms of each - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Fundamentals of
Anatomy & PhysiologySIXTH EDITION
Frederic H
. Martini
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Dr. Kathleen A. Ireland, Biology Instructor, Seabury Hall, Maui, Hawaii
Chapter 22, part 1
The Lymphatic System and Immunity
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Learning Objectives
• Describe the structure and function of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs
• List the body’s nonspecific defenses and describe the components and mechanisms of each
• Define specific resistance and distinguish between cell-mediated immunity and antibody mediated immunity
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Learning Objectives
• Discuss the role of the T cell, B cell and antibodies in specific immunity
• Describe the origin, development, activation and regulation of normal resistance to disease
• Discuss the effects of stress and aging on the immune system
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
SECTION 22-1 An Overview of the Lymphatic System and Immunity
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• The lymphatic system
• Contains cells, tissues, and organs responsible for defending the body
• Lymphocytes resist infection and disease by responding to
• Invading pathogens such as bacteria or viruses
• Abnormal body cells such as cancer cells
• Foreign proteins such as toxins
lymphatic system
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 22.1
Figure 22.1 The Components of the Lymphatic System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
SECTION 22-2 Organization of the Lymphatic System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Lymph
• Lymphatic vessels
• Lymphoid tissues and organs
• Lymphocytes and supporting phagocytic cells
The lymphatic system consists of
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Primary function is production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes
• Lymphocytes must:
• Detect where problems exist
• Be able to reach the site of injury or infection
Functions of lymphatic system
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Lymphatic capillaries
• Small lymphatic vessels
• Major lymph-collecting vessels
Lymphatic vessels include
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 22.2 Lymphatic Capillaries
Figure 22.2a, b
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 22.3 Lymphatic Vessels and Valves
Figure 22.3a, b
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Superficial and deep lymphatics
• Thoracic duct
• Cisterna chyli
• Right lymphatic duct
Major lymph-collecting vessels
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 22.4a
Figure 22.4 The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 22.4b
Figure 22.4 The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 22.4c
Figure 22.4 The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Three classes of lymphocytes
• T (thymus dependent) cells
• B (bone marrow-derived) cells
• NK (natural killer) cells
Lymphocytes
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Involves bone marrow, thymus, and peripheral lymphoid tissue
• B cells and NK cells mature in bone marrow
• T cells mature in the thymus
Lymphocyte production (lymphopoiesis)
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 22.5a-c
Figure 22.5 The Derivation and Distribution of Lymphocytes
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Connective tissue dominated by lymphocytes
• Lymphoid nodules
• Lymphocytes densely packed in areolar tissue
• Found in the respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts
• MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)
• Collection of lymphoid tissues linked with the digestive system
Lymphoid tissue
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 22.6 Lymphoid Nodules
Figure 22.6
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Lymph nodes – function in the purification of lymph
• Afferent lymphatics – carry lymph to nodes
• Efferent lymphatics – carry lymph from nodes
• Deep cortex dominated by T cells
• Outer cortex and medulla contains B cells
Lymphoid organs
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 22.7 The Structure of a Lymph Node
Figure 22.7