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  • 8/2/2019 Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots (1)

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 10

    CHAPTER 2SQUARES,SQUARE ROOTS.CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS

    A. SQUARES

    - a number multiply by itself- a2 = a a- examples :

    a). 22 = 2 2 = 4

    b). ( - 4 )2 = ( -4 ) ( -4 ) = 16

    c). ( )5

    3 2 = (5

    3) (

    5

    3) =

    25

    9

    d). ( 0.3 )2 = 0.3 0.3 = 0.09

    - the square of any number is greater than zero and is always positive.

    B. SQUARE ROOTS

    - the square roots of any number is the number when multiplied by itself,equals to the given number.(inverse operation of squaring that number)

    - If x = a2, then aaaax === 2

    - examples :

    a). 3339 ==

    b).3

    2

    33

    22

    9

    4=

    =

    c). 6.06.06.036.0 ==

    - some fractions are required to reduce to the lowest terms in order tofind the square roots.

    - examples:

    a).32

    3322

    94

    188 =

    ==

    - to find the square roots of a mixed number, change the mixednumber into an improper fraction.

    - example :

    a).5

    6

    55

    66

    25

    36

    25

    111 =

    ==

    - The square root of negative numbers do not exist

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 11

    SQUARES SQUARE ROOTS

    12 =1 1 = 1

    22 = 4 4 = 2

    32 = 9 9 = 3

    42 = 16 16 = 4

    52 = 25 25 = 5

    62 = 36 36 = 6

    72 = 49 49 = 7

    82 = 64 64 = 8

    92 = 81 81 = 9

    102 = 100 100 = 10

    112

    = 121 121 = 11

    122 = 144 144 = 12

    132 = 169 169 = 13

    142 = 196 196 = 14

    152 = 225 225 = 15

    162 = 256 256 = 16

    172 = 289 289 = 17

    182 = 324 324 = 18

    192 = 361 361 = 19

    202 = 400 400 = 20

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 12

    C. CUBES

    - a number multiply by itself twice- a3 = a x a x a- examples :

    a). 33 = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27

    b). (3

    2)3 =

    27

    8

    3

    2

    3

    2

    3

    2=

    c). ( 0.2 )3 = 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.008

    d). ( - 5 )3 = ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) = - 125

    - The cube of a positive number is positive- The cube of a negative number is negative.

    D. CUBE ROOTS

    - a number when multiply by itself twice, equal to the given number.

    - aaaaa == 33 3

    - examples :

    a). 22228 33 ==

    b).5

    2

    555

    222

    125

    833 =

    =

    c). 6.06.06.06.0216.0 33 ==

    d). 4)4()4()4(6433

    ==

    - The cube root of a positive number is positive, the cube root of anegative number is negative.

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 13

    CUBES CUBE ROOTS

    13 = 1 3 1 = 1

    23 = 8 3 8 = 2

    33 = 27 3 27 = 3

    43 = 64 3 64 = 4

    53 = 125 3 125 = 5

    63

    = 216 3 216 = 6

    73 = 343 3 343 = 7

    83 = 512 3 512 = 8

    93 = 729 3 729 = 9

    103 = 1000 3 1000 = 10

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 14

    QUESTIONS :

    A. Find the value of the following.

    1). 32 = 2). 62 =

    3). 82 = 4). 92 =

    5). 112 = 6). 122 =

    7). ( - 2 )2 = 8). ( - 4 )2 =

    9). ( - 5 )2 = 10). ( - 7 )2 =

    11). ( - 9 )2 = 12). ( - 10 )2 =

    13).

    2

    2

    1

    = 14).

    2

    5

    2

    =

    15).

    2

    7

    3

    = 16).

    2

    5

    11

    =

    17).

    2

    9

    4

    = 18).

    2

    3

    11

    =

    19).

    2

    3

    23

    = 20).

    2

    12

    7

    =

    21). ( 0.4 )2 = 22). ( 1.2 )2 =

    23). ( - 0.3 )2 = 24). ( - 0.05 )2 =

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 15

    B. Find the value of the following.

    1). 4 = 2). 25 =

    3). 64 = 4). 81 =

    5). 100 = 6). 144 =

    7). 225 = 8). 196 =

    9).64

    1= 10).

    25

    4=

    11).100

    9= 12).

    9

    71 =

    13).16

    91 = 14).

    9

    111 =

    15).4

    112 = 16).

    162

    50=

    17).49462 = 18).

    25214 =

    19. 64.0 = 20. 0025.0 =

    21. 21.1 = 22. 25.2 =

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 16

    C. Find the values of the following:

    1). 23 = 2). 43 =

    3). 73 = 4). ( - 5 )3 =

    5). ( - 3 )3 = 6). 103 =

    7).

    3

    52

    = 8).

    3

    43

    =

    9).

    3

    6

    1

    = 10).

    3

    4

    11

    =

    11).

    3

    3

    21

    = 12).

    3

    10

    7

    =

    13). ( 0.1 )3 = 14). ( 0.6 )3 =

    15). ( - 0.2 )3 = 16). ( - 0.03 )3 =

    17). ( 1.2 )3 = 18). ( - 0.4 )3 =

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 17

    D. Find the value of the following.

    1). 3 8 = 2). 3 27 =

    3). 3 216 = 4). 3 125 =

    5). 3 512 = 6). 3 343 =

    7). 3 1000 =8). 3

    8

    1=

    9). 364

    27= 10). 3

    8

    33 =

    11). 3125

    1000= 12). 3

    64

    611 =

    13). 3 343.0 = 14). 3 000216.0 =

    15). 3 064.0 = 16). 3 125.0 =

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 18

    Common Errors.

    Questions Errors Correct Steps

    1. a). Find the value

    0f 3 125 .

    b).Calculate the value of

    3 648

    1 2 .

    a). (-5) x (-5) x (-5)or

    5 P 0

    b).

    2

    48

    1

    =

    2

    2

    1

    K 0

    =

    2

    1

    2

    1

    =4

    1N 0

    a). 5 1m

    b). ( )2

    48

    1

    =2

    2

    1

    1m

    =

    2

    1

    2

    1

    =4

    11m

    2. a). Find the value of3 216.0 .

    b).Calculate the value of3

    116

    25

    .

    a). 0.006 P 0

    b). 314

    5

    =1

    1

    4

    5

    =4

    4

    4

    5 K 0

    =4

    1N 0

    a). 0.6 1m

    b).

    3

    14

    5

    =

    3

    4

    4

    4

    5

    =

    3

    4

    1

    1m

    =64

    11m

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 19

    3. a). Find the value of

    3

    3

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of

    ( )16

    92

    3

    a).

    3

    1

    3

    1

    3

    1

    or

    27

    1P 0

    b). 8 x16

    9K 0

    =2

    9

    = 2

    14 N 0

    a).

    27

    11m

    b). ( )4

    38

    = ( ) 32 1m

    = 6 1m

    Questions based on PMR format

    1. a). Find the value of

    2

    3

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )3

    836 .

    2. a). Find the value of 3 008.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of 16 3 27 .

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 20

    3. a). Find the value of 3 216.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of 38

    27

    2

    1 .

    4. a). Find the value of 81.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )23 275.4 .

    5. a). Find the value of 3 343 .

    b). Calculate the value of 15 3 64 .

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 21

    6. a). Find the value of

    3

    4

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of16

    1

    64

    9 .

    7. a). Find the value of25

    241 .

    b). Calculate the value of 22 129 + .

    8. a). Find the value of9

    17 .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )23 1443 .

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 22

    9. a). Find the value of (- 0.4)2 .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )2255.5 .

    10. a). Find the value of

    3

    5

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of 52 x 3125

    216 .

    11. a). Find the value of4

    120 .

    b). Calculate the value of 102 3 1000 .

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 23

    12. a). Find the value of 3 216.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )23.081.0 + .

    PMR Past Years Questions

    2004

    a). Find the value of 3 512.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of 42 x 38

    27 . ( 3 marks )

    2005

    a). Find the value of

    3

    4

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )2

    3 272.4 . ( 3 marks )

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 24

    2006

    a). Find the value of 49.0 .

    b). Calculate the value of

    3

    1

    16

    25

    ( 3 marks )

    2007

    a). Find the value of 3 64 .

    b). Calculate the value of

    3

    362

    1

    . ( 3 marks )

    2008

    a). Find the value of 3 27

    1

    .

    b). Calculate the value of ( )28116 . ( 3 marks )

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 25

    CHAPTER 2 : SQUARES ROOTS,CUBES,&CUBE ROOTSANSWERS

    A.

    1). 9 2). 36

    3). 64 4). 81

    5). 121 6). 144

    7). 4 8). 16

    9). 25 10). 49

    11). 81 12). 100

    13).4

    114).

    25

    4

    15).49

    916).

    25

    36=

    25

    111

    17).81

    1618).

    9

    16=

    9

    71

    19). 9

    4

    139

    121

    = 20). 144

    49

    21). 0.16 22). 1.44

    23). 0.09 24). 0.0025

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 26

    B.

    1). 2 2). 5

    3). 8 4). 9

    5). 10 6). 12

    7). 15 8). 14

    9). 8

    1

    10). 5

    2

    11).10

    312).

    3

    11

    3

    4=

    13).4

    11

    4

    5= 14).

    3

    13

    3

    10=

    15).2

    13

    2

    7= 16).

    9

    5

    17).7

    51

    7

    12= 18).

    5

    12

    5

    11=

    19). 0.8 20). 0.05

    21). 1.1 22). 1.5

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 27

    C.

    1). 8 2). 64

    3). 343 4). 125

    5). 27 6). 1000

    7).125

    88).

    64

    27

    9).216

    110).

    64

    611

    64

    125=

    11).27

    174

    27

    125= 12).

    1000

    343

    13). 0.001 14). 0.216

    15). 0.008 16). 0.00027

    17). 1.728 18). 0.064

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 28

    D.

    1). 2 2). 3

    3). 6 4). 5

    5). 8 6). 7

    7). 108).

    2

    1

    9).4

    310).

    2

    11

    2

    3=

    11).5

    10= 2 12).

    2

    11

    2

    3=

    13). 0.7 14). 0.5

    15). 0.4 16). 0.5

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 29

    No. Marking Scheme Marks

    1.a).

    9

    1

    b). ( - 2 )3

    - 8

    1

    1

    1= 3

    2.a). 0.2

    b). 16 + 3

    19

    1

    1

    1= 3

    3.a). 0.6

    b).2

    3

    2

    1+

    22

    4=

    1

    1

    1= 3

    4.

    a). 0.9

    b). ( 1.5 )2

    2.25

    1

    1

    1= 3

    5.a). 7

    b). 15 + 4

    19

    1

    1

    1= 3

    6.a).

    64

    1

    b). 8

    3

    1

    4

    2

    11

    2

    3=

    1

    1

    1= 3

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 30

    7.

    a).5

    21

    5

    7=

    b). 225

    15

    1

    1

    1= 3

    8.a).

    3

    22

    3

    8=

    b). 152

    225

    1

    1

    1= 3

    9. a). 0.16

    b). ( 1.1)2

    1.21

    1

    1

    1= 3

    10.a).

    125

    1

    b).

    5

    6

    25

    - 30

    1

    1

    1= 3

    11.a).

    2

    14

    2

    9=

    b). 100 + 10

    110

    1

    1

    1= 3

    12.a). 0.6

    b). ( 1.2 )2

    1.44

    1

    1

    1= 3

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    Module PMR

    Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 31

    2004a). 0.8

    b).2

    316

    - 24

    1

    1

    1= 3

    2005a).

    64

    1

    b). ( 1.4)2

    1.96

    1

    1

    1= 3

    2006a). 0.7

    b).

    3

    4

    1

    64

    1

    1

    1

    1= 3

    2007a). 4

    b). ( 3 )3

    27

    1

    1

    1= 3

    2008a).

    3

    1

    b). 72

    49

    1

    1

    1= 3