Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Section 4Section 4

The Race for EmpiresThe Race for Empireshttp://www.britishbattles.com/spanish-war/

spanish-armada.htm

                                     

An Armada Galleon

                                               The new English 'race' ship that the Spanish could not catch to board and whose cannon did so much damage to the Armada's ships

Events in Europe affected settlement of North America.

• Martin Luther, a German priestMartin Luther, a German priest– protested the practices of the Catholic Church protested the practices of the Catholic Church

in 1517 in 1517 – leading to a religious reform movement called leading to a religious reform movement called

the the Protestant Reformation.Protestant Reformation.

• Reformers became known as Reformers became known as ProtestantsProtestants

• Printing PressPrinting Press

• Conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Europe often led to civil war.

• King Henry VIII defied the pope and founded the Church of England, or

Anglican Church, in 1534.

Hans Holbein’s famous portrait of Henry VIII shows the Tudor king as the quintessential Renaissance sovereign.

http://encarta.msn.com/media_461541814_761570153_-1_1/Henry_VIII_by_Hans_Holbein.html

Spain and England Go to War•King Philip II used Spain’s wealth to lead a Counter-Reformation

against the Protestants.•Philip sent the Spanish Armada to England to overthrow Queen

Elizabeth and the Anglican Church.•The smaller English fleet defeated the Armada

The route of the The route of the Spanish Armada in Spanish Armada in

1588.1588.The map shows the The map shows the known wrecks of known wrecks of Armada ships. Armada ships. Of the 120 ships in Of the 120 ships in the Armada half were the Armada half were lostlostOf the Armada's Of the Armada's complement of 30,000 complement of 30,000 soldiers and sailors soldiers and sailors 20,000 were lost.20,000 were lost.

http://www.britishbattles.com/spanish-war/spanish-armada.htm

European nations raced to establish empires in North

America.

• Spanish and Portuguese focused on the colonization of Central America, the Caribbean, and South America.

• English, French and Dutch then focused on North America for expansion of their empires.

The English in the late 1500s.

• Sir Walter Raleigh received a charter, a document giving him permission to start a colony.

• He sent an expedition that landed in present-day North Carolina and Virginia.

• The colony established at Roanoke

– John White in 1587, in what is now Virginia, mysteriously disappeared.

– CROATOAN

French Empire in North America

• Fur Traders

• Begin in Florida—ran out by the Spanish

• Mississippi River, Great Lakes, and St, Lawrence River

• Worked with the Native Americans

Dutch and Swedish PresenceNew Netherland

• The Dutch came to America for trade.

• They settled land between the Delaware and Hudson rivers.

• Manhattan Island was purchased from local Indians and called New Amsterdam.

New Sweden

• Colonists settled along the Delaware River.

• They were the first to build log cabins.

• The Dutch conquered New Sweden in 1655.