Chapter 2 Section 3

1628- Anne Dudley- 16 yrs oldMarries Simon BradstreetLeaves England with family Becomes America’s first

English speaking poet The Tenth Muse Lately

Sprung Up in AmericaAboard ArbellaJamestown still strugglingWanted to create “model

society”John Winthrop- 1st governor

Puritanism – broke from Roman Catholic – 1530sKing Henry VIII broke away, daughter Elizabeth I

formed Anglican ChurchPuritan- bc wanted to purify Anglican church by

eliminating all traces of Roman CatholicismMinisters are source of religious and moral

instructionObjected authority of bishops

Some want to stay in Anglican church, some leave and form separate ministries Separatists- (Pilgrims)- flee to escape persecution

1620 – small group of families found Plymouth Colony

1620s – other English Puritans did not like Anglican reform & turned toward New England

Felt burden of increasing religious persecution, political repression & dismal economic conditions

1629 – Winthrop receives royal charter for joint-stock enterpriseMassachusetts Bay Company

September 1630: Massachusetts Bay Colony was bornBoston is capital

Lots of people migratingSmall towns around Boston to accommodate more

settlers Within one year of the colony’s settlement it had:

- 17 Ships- 1000 Puritan & Non-Puritan English men, women,

& children settlers- Eventually, the Plymouth Colony was incorporated

into the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

“We must knit together in this work; . . . We must uphold (each other). . . In all meekness, gentleness, patience, and liberality (generosity). We must delight in each other, make other’s conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together. . . So shall we keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond of peace. . . . Ten of us will be able to resist a thousand of our enemies. For we must consider that we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are on us.”

(John Winthrop, A Model of Christian Charity)

No effort for democracyPolitical power spread more broadly than in

EnglandAll adult males who belonged to Puritan

church can vote40% of colony’s menVoted annually for members of General Court

who chose Governor

Felt had a duty from God to carry outDrunkenness, swearing, theft, idleness

Importance of FamilyPuritans migrated with familyCommunity very involved in family life

Husband and wife fight? Court intervenes for counseling

Kids too crazy? Placed in more “God-fearing” home

The Founding of Providence“Forced religion stinks in the nostrils of God”Roger Williams- extreme separatist

English settlers have no right to land unless paid natives for it

Called Royal Charter a sin and wants it revised to help natives

Govt has no right punishing ppl for religious beliefs

General Court orders him arrested and returned to England

1636 – fled Mass. SouthwardNegotiated with Narragansett tribe for landSets up Providence

Separation of Church and State, & religious freedom

Had Bible readings in her homeDidn’t need church or ministers to interpret

BibleBanish her in 1638Moves to New Netherland (New York)

Religious toleration1643- dies in war btwn natives

Disputes over landNative Americans felt nobody owned land; anyone who needed to use it, used itNatives saw treaties as an exchange of gifts for land for certain amount of timeEuropeans saw it as one time deal

The Pequot WarConnecticut 1637 – Pequot Nation takes stand against colonistsColonists have alliance with Narragansett (Pequot enemies)90 English colonists and 100’s of allies surround Pequot fort at Mystic River

Set fort on fire, shoot men, women AND childrenNarragansett begged to stopColonists killed almost all of the 500-600 Pequot

Natives had to follow Puritan lawsNo hunting or fishing on Sunday

Wampanoag Chief Metacom (King Philip)Organize his tribe & others into alliance

Native Americans attacked and burned towns Both sides attacked brutally

Disease, hunger, and deaths stopped Natives and they fled

Metacom shot and killedHead displayed for 20 years at Plymouth

10% of colonial men of voting age are killedHigher percentage than the American Revolution or

Civil War