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Chapter 2: Mesopotamia & Persia Lesson 2: Sumer & Babylon Slide 2 Warm-up 9-4-14 Ch.2 Mesopotamia Obj: SWBAT apply knowledge of ancient Mesopotamia to describe the context of the people on an exit slip. Whip around: 1.On a new sheet of paper write 1 thing you know about the Mesopotamian world. 2.Pass that paper to the person on your right. 3.On the paper you received, write something different or additional about the Mesopotamian world. Chapter 29-4-14 Warm-up : Homework Due Friday Read Chapter 2, Pg. Cue Cards (7) Due: Chapter 2 Refer to Chapter sheet Slide 3 Intro to Ancient Mesopotamian Art Humanity had settled in farms The use of plows and irrigation canals This area was known as the Fertile Crescent Area between Iraq and Iran, around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers The first clear narrative in art appears Ancient Mesopotamia n Art Context Slide 4 Slide 5 Sumerian Art Dates: 3500 BCE- 2332 BCE Key Locations: southern Iraq Contextual Information: Composed of city-states independent self- governing city Sumerian rulers were viewed as the gods representatives on earth & keepers of earthly treasures Food and resources were readily available so many people could do other jobs manufacture, trade, administration Institutionalized defensearmies formed by the government Sumerian Slide 6 Sumerian Art Writing appearedscratching of pictographs in soft clay Simple pictures standing for words Cuneiforms wedge shapes signs pressed into claybeginnings of writing Appearance of literature: The Epic of Gilgamesh Story of Gilagmesh, a Uruk king who slayed the monster Huwana Sumerian Slide 7 Class Expectations 1. Students are respectful of everyone and all belongings 2. Students are prepared and on time with all materials 3. Students follow directions the first time given 4. Students keep food and drinks away during class (water only) 5. Students keep personal electronics off and out of sight (explicit permission will be given to use electronics). Hoods off Food Away Backpacks, purses, bags, etc. on back of chair or under desk Slide 8 Announcements: Quiz grades are in the grade book Make up/re-take quiz today or Thursday after school Make sure you have your text book Pass back graded work Announcements: Quiz grades are in the grade book Make up/re-take quiz today or Thursday after school Make sure you have your text book Pass back graded work Agenda: Warm-up Announcements and Reminders Finish presentations Babylonian art Agenda: Warm-up Announcements and Reminders Finish presentations Babylonian art Office Hours Tuesday 3:00-4:00 Thursday 3:00-4:00 Office Hours Tuesday 3:00-4:00 Thursday 3:00-4:00 Slide 9 S UBSCRIBE TO M RS. Q UIGGLE S WEBPAGE Go to the Hawthrone high school website and search Quiggle. Go to the class page. Go Here Homework Slide 10 Slide 11 C UE C ARD G ROUPS 1. 3-4 people to one group 2. Exchange phone numbers and emails 3. All works of art to be covered in this course WILL NOT be addressed during class. 4. It will be your responsibility to research those not covered. 5. You will create Cue Cards, like flash cards, of all artworks for homework. 6. Divide the list of artworks for each chapter among your group and complete your part then share info with your group--combine your efforts to complete all cue cards. Slide 12 Daily Notes/Warm-ups (Cornell Notes) Chapter 18-27-14 Warm-up : Chapter 1 Pre-Historic art Chapter 18-25-14 Chapter 1 Summary Key Terms & Questi ons Notes Lecture summary or end of lesson question & Answer Slide 13 Intro to Mesopotamia Slide 14 Slide 15 Intro to Ancient Mesopotamian Art Humanity had settled in farms The use of plows and irrigation canals This area was known as the Fertile Crescent Area between Iraq and Iran, around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers The first clear narrative in art appears Ancient Mesopotamia n Art Context Slide 16 Slide 17 Stylistic Characteristics Style The manner of doing something A distinctive appearance Think of different fonts: Font Example: Prehistoric art Pictures horses and bison in profile Animal drawn in composite view or twisted perspectivehead in profile but horns from the front. Slide 18 White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk 2-2 Reconstruction drawing of the White Temple and ziggurat http://www.coco.cc.az.us/apetersen/_ART201/sumeria.htm Bent Axis Temple (cella) Ziggurat What was the purpose of this structure? Slide 19 Sumerian Art Dates: 3200-3000 BCE Materials: mud brick Orientation/Plan: Ziggurathigh platform, temple sits on top Bent Axis2 or more angular changes (in the stairway). White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk Slide 20 Sumerian Art Function/Significance: Center for administration (govt), business and religion. Place to worship deities Large scale = impressive power of ruler/admin/religion White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk Slide 21 Sumerian Art Description: Ziggurathigh platform, temple sits on top Bent Axis2 or more angular changes (in the stairway). Cellacentral hall where deities appear to priests, the room of the divine Restored view of the White Temple and ziggurat, Bent Axis Slide 22 Statuettes of Worshipers Votive Figures Flashcard www.accd.edu/.../arts1303/Chapter2.htm Slide 23 Sumerian Art Dates: ca. 2700 BCE Materials: gypsum, shell inlay, black limestone Size: 12-30 Figures/Narrative Represented: Mortals/people of Ur In constant prayer Hold beakersfor liquid used in rituals Statuettes of two worshipers, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna Slide 24 Sumerian Art Style Characteristics: Simple formscones & cylinder Tiny hands, Large eyes, stiff/rigid Use of Hierarchical scale Function/Significance: Surrogate that prays for the person Placed in temple waiting room Statuettes of two worshipers, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna Slide 25 Standard of Ur (war side) from Tomb 779, Royal Cemetery Ur (modern Tell Muqayyar) Iraq ca. 2,600 B.C.E. wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red limestone approximately 8 x 19 in. Slide 26 Sumerian Art Dates: ca. 2600-2400 BCE Materials: Wood box inlaid w/shell, red limestone, lapis lazuli (blue stone) Size: 8x 17 Standard of Ur Slide 27 Sumerian Art Figures/Narrative Represented: War side & Peace side Shows the roles of the ruler War side = chariots with bodies on the ground, captives brought to the king Peace side = carrying food, transport animals, entertainment for the king (possible celebration for war victory) Standard of Ur Slide 28 Sumerian Art Style: Use of registers successive bands (like a comic book) Use of ground linepainted baseline on which figures stand Use of hierarchical scale size of figures indicate importance and status Composite view--Figures heads in profile, shoulders face forward Standard of Ur Slide 29 Sumerian Art Function: Shows the roles of the ruler Shows the power and authority of ruler and his army Standard of Ur How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian/Sumerian world? Slide 30 Standard of Ur Flashcard Narrative Registers http://www.accd.edu/sac/vat/arthistory/arts1303/Chapter2.htm www.hp.uab.edu/image_archive/ue/uec.html www.britannica.com Slide 31 Standard of Ur (peace side) from Tomb 779, Royal Cemetery Ur (modern Tell Muqayyar) Iraq ca. 2,600 B.C.E. wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red limestone approximately 8 x 19 in. Slide 32 Slide 33 Stele with code of Hammurabi from Susa, Iran ca. 1,780 B.C.E. basalt 88 in. high Slide 34 Babylonian Art Dates: ca. 1780 BCE Materials: Black Basalt Size: 7 4 Figures/Narrative Represented: Hammurabi (king of Babylon) with Shamesh the sun god Sun god is handing him a rod & ringsymbol of authority The objects are building materials symbolizes building social order enforcing laws/making judgments Stele of Hammurabi How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world? Slide 35 Babylonian Art Style Characteristics: Carved stone reliefhigh areas project from background Use of cuneiform characters Foreshortening attemptedsuggested depth in the diagonal of the beard and angle of the throne. Composite view--face in profile but frontal view of body Hierarchical scaleking is as important as the god. Stele of Hammurabi How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world? Slide 36 Babylonian Art Function/Significance: Stele stone slab that is a grave marker or shows historical event Written laws of the timecommerce, property, murder, theft, slaves, infidelity Stele of Hammurabi How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world? Slide 37 Stele with law code of Hammurabi Composite Views Hierarchy of Scale Predecessor to Foreshortening Depth suggested by an object at an angle Slide 38 Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran ca. 521-465 B.C.E. Slide 39 Persepolis (royal audience hall - apadana) Reconstruction of apadana with bull capitals faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art105-12.html Bull Capitals Slide 40 Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran ca. 521-465 B.C.E. Slide 41 Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran ca. 521-465 B.C.E. Slide 42 How to make Cue Cards Back Slide 43 How to make Cue Cards Slide 44 Exit Slip Answer the following in complete sentences: How has the context of the Mesopotamian people changed from that of the Paleolithic and Neolithic people? Describe the new developments in the world that occurred.