CHAPTER 1B GRAMMAR

Joanna

Adam

Ethan

NEGATIVE/AFFIRMATIVEEXPRESSIONS

Sí (yes)

Algo (something,anything)

Alguien (somebody, anybody)

Algún/alguna (some, any)

Siempre (always)

También (also, too)

Ya (already)

Todavía (still)

No

Nada (nothing, anything)

Nadie (nobody, anybody)

Ningún, Ninguna (none, not any)

Nunca (never)

Tampoco (neither, either)

Todavía no (no yet)

Ya no (not yet)

Negative/Affirmative cont.

In Spanish, it is not incorrect for sentences to have two negatives. Nada, Nadie, Nunca, and Tampoco can replace no in front of a verb. But when they are behind a verb another negative is needed before the verb.At the beginning or end of a sentence, todavia=no.

Direct and Indirect Pronouns

Direct object pronouns

Me-me

Te-you (tu)

Lo-him, it, you (Ud.)

La –her, it, you (Ud.)

Nos-us

Os-you (all in Spain)

Los-them, you (Uds.)

Las-them, you (Uds.)

Indirect object pronouns

Me-to/for me,

Te-to/for you,

Le-to/for him/her/you (Ud.)

Nos-to/for us

Os-to/for you

Les to/for them/you (Uds.)

DO’s IO’s continued

DO’s and IO’s precede conjugated verbs.

They can be attached to the end an infinitive or a present participle but an accent is needed

IO’s will usually come before DO’s

Examples

¿Me la puedes traer?

Puedes traérmela