chapter 18 - a dual threat: drug-related crime and organized crime
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 18
A Dual Threat: Drug-Related Crime and Organized Crime
Hess 18-1
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Introduction• Drug gangs have turned many communities into virtual
war zones• Organized crime is heavily involved in the drug trade• Be aware of the response and involvement of different
jurisdictional levels• In most cases, local law enforcement detects these
problems and opens the cases
Hess 18-2
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HISTORY• Cocaine use was common by the 1880s• Harrison Narcotics Act (1914)• 1970s marijuana usage• 1980s “Just say no to drugs”
Hess 18-3
The Threat of Drugs
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DRUG TRAFFICKING ORGANIZATIONS (DTOs)• Complex entities • Highly defined command-and-control structures • Produce, transport and distribute • Mexican DTOs• Asian DTOs • Cuban DTOs
Hess 18-4
Seriousness and Extent of the Drug Problem
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TERMS AND LEGALITIES• Narcotics • Controlled substances • Five schedules of controlled substances• Illegal to sell or distribute without a license• Illegal to possess or use without a prescription
Hess 18-5
Legal Definitions
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CLASSES• Depressants• Stimulants• Narcotics• Hallucinogens• Cannabis• Inhalants
Hess 18-6
Identification and Classification of Controlled Drugs
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MAJOR LEGAL EVIDENCE• Physical evidence of possession or use of controlled
substances includes The actual drugs Apparatus associated with their use Suspect’s appearance and behavior Urine and blood tests
Hess 18-7
Investigating Illegal Possession or Use of Controlled Substances
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INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS• Actual transfer of drugs is major legal evidence • Warrantless arrest
Observing what appears to be a drug buy• Undercover drug buys
Make two or more buys Avoid entrapment
Hess 18-8
Investigating Illegal Sale and Distribution of Controlled Substances
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CHALLENGES• Identifying • Entering• Processing• Cleanup of labs• Physical, chemical
and toxic hazards
Hess 18-9
Clandestine Drug Laboratories
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OVERVIEW• Sinsemilla• Excessive use of electricity• Type and amount of traffic • Inherent dangers with high energy needs• High-humidity environment
Hess 18-10
Indoor Marijuana Growing Operations
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TOOLS• DEA’s National Drug Pointer Index (NDPIX)• K-9s and handlers • High-accuracy laser rangefinder • Flying drones
Hess 18-11
Investigative Aids
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PRIMARY EMPHASIS• Requires cooperation at all levels• Federal Drug Enforcement Administration (FDEA)
Unified leadership Narcotics trafficking and drug abuse Emphasis on source and distribution
Hess 18-12
Agency Cooperation
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BENEFITS• Seize items used in that crime• Provides assets needed
Cash and property • Precise recording necessary• Forfeiture program
Hess 18-13
Drug Asset Forfeitures
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GROUPS AND AGENCIES• Federal funding• Businesses• Schools• Public health departments• Individual citizens • Operation Weed and Seed • OTC drugs
Hess 18-14
Preventing Problems with Illegal Drugs: Community Partnerships
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APPROACH• Addressing our nation’s drug problem • Three-pronged approach
Prevention Treatment Law enforcement
Hess 18-15
National Drug Control Strategy
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CHARACTERISTICS• Definite organization and control• High-profit and continued-profit crimes• Singular control through force and threats• Protection through corruption
Hess 18-16
Organized Crime: An Overview
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AREAS OF PROSECUTION• It is a prosecutable conspiracy to:
Acquire any enterprise with money obtained from illegal activity
Acquire, maintain or control any enterprise by illegal means
Use any enterprise to conduct illegal activity
Hess 18-17
Applicable Laws against Organized Crime
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CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES• Gambling and drugs• Pornography and prostitution• Fraud• Loan-sharking• Money laundering • Infiltration of legitimate businesses
Hess 18-18
Major Activities of Organized Crime
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INTERNATIONAL CRIME GROUPS• Italian• Asian• Latino• African• Russian
Hess 18-19
Threat of Specific Organized Crime Groups
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A GREAT THREAT• Entire legal system• Public officials• Police officers • Report bribes immediately• Attempt to make arrest
Hess 18-20
Organized Crime and Corruption
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EYES AND EARS • Daily observations • Report all suspicious activities• First line of defense in controlling all crime• Law enforcement officers seldom break into these
hierarchies • Check out new businesses in your area
Hess 18-21
The Police Response
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MAJOR ORGANIZATIONS• FBI• Postal Inspection Service• U.S. Secret Service• Department of Labor• Securities and Exchange Commission• Internal Revenue Service
Hess 18-22
Agencies Cooperating in Investigating Organized Crime
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INVESTIGATIVE AIDS• Electronic surveillance • Pen registers • Regional Information Sharing System (RISS)
ASSET FORFEITURE• Seize funds and property
Hess 18-23
Methods to Combat Organized Crime
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TRUE DECLINE OR NOT• Tougher legislation• Improved investigative techniques • Increased use of tools • Decline of traditional organized crime• New criminal enterprises emerging
Hess 18-24
The Decline of Organized Crime?
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Summary• Harrison Narcotics Act (1914) made the sale or use of
certain drugs illegal• The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) provides
unified leadership in attacking narcotics trafficking and drug abuse
• Distinctive characteristics of organized crime include definite organization and control
• Daily observations of local law enforcement officers provide vital information
Hess 18-25