Chapter 14 Quiz

Psychological Disorders

Don’t forget to write your answers on a separate piece of paper to grade when

you’re done!1. Hani was unable to tell the difference

between right and wrong. Which of the following definitions of abnormal behavior is described in this example?

a) maladaptiveb) insanityc) commitmentd) statistical

2. The behavioral approach attributes the cause of abnormal behavior to

a) internal conflict from early childhood trauma

b) the result of neurochemical imbalances

c) poor self-concept

d) reinforcement of maladaptive behaviors learned through experience

3. A soldier who experiences sudden blindness after seeing his buddies killed in battle is best diagnosed with

a) a phobic disorder

b) hypochondriasis

c) bipolar disorder

d) conversion disorder

4. A common feature among people diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder is

a) early childhood sexual or physical abuse

b) repeated physical complaints

c) relatives suffering from bipolar disorder

d) excess of dopamine

5. Researchers have found that depression occurs

a) nearly twice as frequent in women as menb) nearly four times as frequently in women as in menc) with equal frequency in women and

mend) nearly twice as frequently in men as

in women

6. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the manic state of bipolar disorder?

a) inflated ego

b) excessive talking

c) shopping sprees

d) too much sleep

7. Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by

a) unwarranted suspiciousness and mistrust

b) lack of interest in social relationshipsc) a grandiose sense of one’s own importanced) instability revolving around problems

of mood and thought processes

8. Herb lied easily as a child. He considers himself good with the ladies, has little remorse for his actions, and has had repeated trouble with authority figures. His likely diagnosis is

a) autismb) narcissistic personality disorderc) antisocial personality disorderd) borderline personality disorder

9. A delusion isa) phobia of being in social

situationsb) misperception of auditory and

visual stimulic) faulty and disordered thought

patternd) first indication of dissociative

disorders

10. A prognosis

a) is a forecast about the probable course of illness

b) involves distinguishing one illness from another

c) refers to the apparent causation and developmental history of an illness

d) is a plan for treating an illness

11. All of the following are classified as anxiety disorders EXCEPT

a) phobias

b) posttraumatic stress

c) obsessive-compulsive disorder

d) conversion disorder

12. Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

a) delusional thinking

b) incoherent speech

c) hyperexcitability

d) flat affect

13. A person who maintains bizarre, false beliefs that have no basis in reality is said to have

a) hallucinations

b) delusions

c) obsessions

d) illusions

14. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of the antisocial personality?

a) manipulative behavior

b) excessive guilt

c) social charm

d) aggressiveness

15. At this time, one of the major neurotransmitters that has been linked to schizophrenia is

a) norepinephrine

b) dopamine

c) GABA

d) acetylcholine

• 16 The rise of the medical model in the study of psychopathology brought about

– a. improvements in the treatment of individuals who exhibited abnormal behavior

– b. an increase in the number of asylums for the treatment of the mentally ill

– c. an increase in misconceptions about mental disorders

– d. decreases in the expression of sympathy towards the mentally ill

• 17 Etiology refers to the– a. projected course of a condition

– b. apparent cause of a condition

– c. study of mental illness

– d. collection of a group of symptoms

• 18 The most common psychological disorders in the United States are

– a. schizophrenic disorders

– b. personality disorders

– c. mood disorders

– d. anxiety disorders

• 19 Epidemiology is the study of– a. the distribution of mental or physical

disorders in a population

– b. treatments for psychological disorders

– c. sudden “epidemics” involving specific mental or physical disorders

– d. how cultural values affect judgments of abnormality

20. The cartoon character Charlie Brown, with his extreme dread, pessimism, worrying, and brooding, could be diagnosed as having

– a. a generalized anxiety disorder

– b. a phobic disorder

– c. obsessive-compulsive disorder

– d. panic disorder

Chapter 14 Answer Key

1. B2. D3. D4. A5. A6. D7. A8. C9. C10. A

11. D12. D13. B14. B15. B16. A17. B18. D19. A20. A

Essay Questions

Essay Question # 1

• It has been said that not all deviant behavior is maladaptive, but all maladaptive behavior is deviant. Discuss this idea, based on what you’ve learned about the definition and criteria of abnormal behavior.

Essay Question # 2

• Freud believed that most, if not all, psychological disorders are mainly the result of anxiety. However, Freudian explanations of the anxiety disorders receive much less attention today than they once did. From what you’ve learned of Freudian theory, how would a Freudian explanation of the etiology of the anxiety disorders differ from the types of explanations presented in your text?

Essay Question # 3

• There appear to be some similarities between posttraumatic stress disorder (Chapter 13) and the dissociative disorders in that most cases of each type of disorder are thought to result from extreme stress. How would you justify creating separate classifications for these disorders?

Essay Question # 4

• Some of the most prominent modern theories of the mood disorders focus primarily on cognitive factors. You learned in Chapter 10 that some theorists believe the experience of emotion is heavily influenced by cognitive factors. In what ways do some of these cognitive theories of emotion agree with theories about cognitive factors in the etiology of the mood disorders?

Essay Question # 5

• According to the DSM-IV, individuals should not be diagnosed as having a personality disorder before they’re 18 years old because personality is not well established before then. From what you know about personality development (Chapters 11 and 12), can you support this position? You may wish to answer from the particular viewpoint of one of the personality theorists covered in your text (e.g., Erikson, Mischel, Maslow, or others).

Good Luck!

• Don’t forget to go to the quiz online from your book