Chapter 13, Sections 1,2.

The Industrial Revolution and Working Life.

The Industrial RevolutionMore successful and widespread in the

North.

Samuel Slater

Brought technical knowledge from

Britain and helped start a

textile mill.

Manufacturing

Eli Whitney failed to make rifles, but he developed Interchangeable Parts.

Mass ProductionThe efficient production of large

numbers of identical goods.

The Industrial Revolution spread more quickly across Britain than in

through the US.

Samuel Slater

Hired entire families to work in his factories.

Children were used for simple tasks,

and paid less.

Francis Cabot Lowell

Hired young, unmarried women from local farms to work in his factory. They were referred to as the “Lowell Girls”.

Wave of Immigration

Immigrants to America drove the price of labor lower than ever, and displaced the Lowell girls.

Trade Unions are organizations created by workers to improve

working conditions.

Labor Action

The early strikes went poorly because the courts and police supported the companies.

Union membership therefore rose slowly.

Sarah Bagley

• A union leader who worked for a ten-hour workday.