chapter 13 section 1 the rise of african civilizations
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 13 Section 1The Rise of African Civilizations
AfricaRainforestsDesertsTropical grasslands (savannas)Almost all lands are on a plateau
Africa by Climate
Zone
West African EmpiresThe Berbers settled in North
Africa Traveled to West Africa for trade
Camels introduced by Romans
West African Empires (cont.)Trade in West Africa led to the
building of vast empires Gold and ivory was traded for cloth
and salt
West African Empire
s
GhanaThe “Crossroads of trade”The traders had to pay passage
fees Made Ghana very wealthy Armies with iron weapons
Ghana (cont.) Discovery of new gold mines outside
of Ghana’s control Reduced the tax on gold
Heavy farming used all the soil’s minerals
Constant fighting
MaliGriots- African storytellersSundiata Keita seized capital of
Ghana Won control of trade routes from
Atlantic coast to Timbuktu Rebuilt Gold and Salt mines
Mali
Songhai Mali rulers were taken over by the
Berbers
Sunni Ali, leader of the Songhai, conquered the Berbers Built the largest West African Empire
West Africa became the center of three large trade empires because of valuable mines
Kingdom of the Rainforest
Kingdoms of the Rainforest Benin in the Niger River Delta
Kongo in the Congo River Basin
Kingdoms of the Rainforest (cont.) Advantages over West Africans
Farmable soil and warm, wet climate
Created surplus supported population Artisans class developed
East Africa Through trade and travel Islam and
Christianity got introduced to Africa Axum
City-state in present day Ethiopia Trading center for Mediterranean and
Eastern Asian world Brought Christianity to Africa
East Africa (cont.) Arab-Muslim traders settled in East
Africa Invented sailboats-dhows Shared goods, ideas, and religion East African ports were the linking world
with Asia
East Africa (cont.)Zimbabwe
Gold, copper, and ivory to east coast