chapter 13 ii economic and cultural revival
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Chapter 13 ii Economic and Cultural Revival. The Crusades accelerated the transformation of western Europe from crude, backward, and violent to sophisticated, educated, traders. That’s so 1190’s!. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 13 ii
Economic and Cultural Revival
The Crusades accelerated the
transformation of western Europe from crude, backward, and
violent to sophisticated,
educated, traders.
That’s so 1190’s!
Around the time of the Crusades, the heavy plow is invented. This allowed farmers to plow more land and grow
more crops. This eventually contributed to population growth, too.
The collar harness replaced the ox yoke, shifting the weight onto the
horse’s shoulders. Now horses didn’t die while plowing!
The heavy plow, collar harness, and crop rotation created an agricultural (r)evolution.
Now that it’s relatively safe to travel, towns such as Venice, Pisa,
and Genoa flourished with the trade of silk, spices, and porcelain.
Early merchants used the barter system, but when a money economy appears, the benefits are:
1. The rise of Banking.
2. Standardized prices/units.
3. The ability to take out a loan.
4. The phrase “bling, bling.”
The Church viewed lending with the intent of charging interest as evil (the sin of avarice.) Duh… they had plenty of $$$!
As warfare in Europe declined, towns began to grow larger. Unfortunately, sanitation had not yet been invented. A constant stench filled the towns.
A lack of sanitation caused diphtheria, typhoid, influenza, and
malaria. In crowded conditions, lots of people died. (cough, cough)
During the 1100’s, merchants and artisans organized themselves in “guilds”. Their purpose was to
maintain a monopoly over a trade.
People in guilds were
organized by skill and
seniority: guild master,
master, journeyman,
and apprentice.
These guild members were all skilled, had money, and could become part
of the growing middle class burgesses.
Medieval Aircraft
Guild
Education grew when a variety of new schools were built. A new style of
learning emphasized reason as well as faith. This was scholasticism.
I’d rather bebuilding atrebuchet!
Peter Abelard collected biblical
statements showing both
points to controversial
questions. This book, Sic et Non
(Yes and No), was one of the first on logic.
Thomas Aquinas wrote Summa Theologica in
which he claimed that reason was God’s gift that
could answer basic philosophical
questions. “Reason exists in harmony
with faith.”
Epic literary works are produced during
this age. Beowulf and Chanson de Roland are both
written. These tales are spread by troubadours
(traveling minstrels).
“I gave my love a cherry that had
no stone…”