chapter 12 the age of jackson
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson. Let’s Review… Presidents…. George Washington John Adams Thomas Jefferson James Madison James Monroe. Election of 1824. Who ran… John Quincy Adams – Democratic-Republican William Crawford Henry Clay Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican. Who won… - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 12
The Age of Jackson
![Page 2: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Let’s Review… Presidents…
1. George Washington
2. John Adams
3. Thomas Jefferson
4. James Madison
5. James Monroe
![Page 3: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Election of 1824 Who ran…
John Quincy Adams – Democratic-Republican William Crawford Henry Clay Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican
Who won… Jackson won popular votes BUT Jackson had the most electoral votes, but he didn’t
have enough…
![Page 4: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Corrupt Bargain Jackson had the most electoral votes and won
the popular vote, but because so many people ran, no one candidate had at least half +1 electoral votes. What happens then?
House of Representatives decides election
Election of 1824 Results
![Page 5: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Corrupt Bargain (conclusion) Speaker of the House, Henry Clay, influenced
the House members, so they voted for Adams
Henry Clay is then appointed as Secretary of State by President Adams…
![Page 6: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Election of 1824 – 6th President John Quincy Adams becomes the 6th
President of the United States He was a Democratic- Republican John Adam’s son
he was disliked by most like his father
![Page 7: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Election of 1828 Jackson claimed to represent the “common
man” Jackson felt a connection with normal, everyday
common people JQ Adams felt a connection with the wealthy,
privileged people
Jackson & Adams were both Democratic-Republicans BUT they represented different groups of people.
![Page 8: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Split Party Since Adams and Jackson represented
different groups of people, the party split. Adams’ supporters became known as
Republicans Jackson’s supporters became known as
Democrats
![Page 9: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Election of 1828 – Andrew Jackson
Jackson promised to look out for the interests of the common people.
The idea of spreading political power to all the people and ensuring majority rule became known as Jacksonian democracy. Jackson began giving jobs to his supporters
and friends – he backed the majority
![Page 10: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Election of 1828 Andrew Jackson won the election of 1828 to become
the 7th President Jackson’s humble background and
reputation as a war hero helped make him President.
He was the first President who wasn’t from a rich Mass. or Virginia family.
Thousands of people came to Jackson’s inauguration, this showed Jackson’s popularity.
![Page 11: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Spoils System Jackson began his Presidency by replacing
many government jobs & officials with his supporters and friends. (ordinary citizens)
The spoils system became known as the practice of giving government jobs to political supporters.
![Page 12: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Indians in America
![Page 13: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Indians in America Since 1600, white settlers had pushed Native
Americans westward as they took more and more of their land.
By the 1820s, about 100,000 Native Americans remained east of the Mississippi River.
Andrew Jackson had long supported a policy of moving Native Americans west of the Mississippi River
![Page 14: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Indian Removal Act Jackson believed the government had the
right to regulate where Native Americans could live.
Jackson passed the Indian Removal Act This required Native
Americans to move west.
![Page 15: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Map of Indian Removal Act
Mississippi River
![Page 16: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Indian Territory As whites invaded Indian homelands, many
Native Americans began signing treaties exchanging their land for land in the West.
Worcester v. Georgia – supreme court decision that forced Indians to move west.
Indian Territory – Parts of Oklahoma Native American Indians were forced to move to by Andrew Jackson and the Supreme Court.
![Page 17: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Map of Indian Removal Act
Indian Territory
![Page 18: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Trail of Tears Many Cherokees refused to move West.
Jackson made soldiers force Cherokees into camps and made them set out on a long, hard journey to Indian Territory. ¼ of the Indians on the journey died.
Trail of Tears – The journey of Cherokee Indians being forced off their homeland to Indian Territory
![Page 19: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Trail of Tears
![Page 20: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
People with racial hatred in their hearts in power always think Law and Justice is on their side.
President Andrew Jackson did not have the law on his side when he marched 4,000 Cherokee to their deaths on the Trail of Tears.
"JOHN MARSHALL HAS MADE HIS LAW NOW LET HIM ENFORCE IT", Andrew Jackson to the Supreme Court when ordered to leave the Cherokee alone.
Was Jackson right?
![Page 21: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Jackson and the Indians
Andrew Jackson had the greatest impact on the Indians of all Presidents before
and after him
![Page 22: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Tariffs Many lands had been acquired by time Andrew
Jackson became President. Tariffs – taxes on imported goods – became an
issue Revenue tariff – used to raise money, like sales
tax. These taxes are usually low. Protective tariff – to persuade people to buy goods
in their own country instead of purchasing foreign-made products. These are high taxes that protect American companies.
![Page 24: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Protective tariff vs. no tariff$2.50 to produce
in Britain$1.00 profit
+ = $3.50 Tariff 40%+ =
$4.90
$3.00 to produce in the U.S.
$1.00 profit
+ = $4.00 =$4.00
Cheaper for products made in the U.S. – encourages people to buy American products
![Page 25: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Tariffs Northerners supported high tariffs because
the American manufacturers sell their products at a lower price than imported goods. Factories & manufacturers were in the North
The South did not support high tariffs because its economy depended on foreign trade. They needed foreign products
![Page 26: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Tariff of Abominations Tariff of Abominations – a law passed that
raised the tariffs on raw materials and manufactured goods. Southerners were outraged They had to sell their cotton at low prices
The state of South Carolina threatened to secede, or leave the Union (United States), because of the Tariff of Abominations. They were upset – bad for the economy
![Page 27: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Doctrine of Nullification John Calhoun did not want S. Carolina to leave
the Union so he passed the Doctrine of Nullification - This said a state had a right to nullify, or
reject, a federal law that it considers unconstitutional
Calhoun believed Congress had no right to pass a tariff that helped only 1 section of the country
![Page 28: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Secession Secession – withdrawal from the Union South Carolina threatened to withdraw
(or leave) the United States of America if the federal government tried to collect the tariffs.
WHY? S. Carolina believed the tariffs were too high.
![Page 29: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Civil War Avoided? Jackson– responded to S.C.’s threat by asking
Congress for permission to collect the tariff’s by force (using the Army).
Jackson also supported a new bill to lower the tariffs; it was a compromise to end the stalemate with South Carolina.
South Carolina tried to get other states to support its position, but none did; the crisis subsided.
The Civil War almost started in 1833, instead of 1860
![Page 30: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Second Bank of the U.S. Founded in 1816, the Second Bank of the
U.S. was opposed by Jackson (he called the bank, “The Monster”.) He vetoed a bill set to renew the charter of the bank in 1832, and Congress could not get the needed votes to override it.
Congress wanted the Bank’s Charter to continue, but Jackson despised it; he used the battle to get reelected in 1832 as Jackson was very popular.
![Page 31: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Interpret this cartoon
Which of the following best
describes the artist’s attitude about
Jackson?
A. Jackson should be King.
B. Jackson is a strong leader.
C. Jackson has vetoed too many bills.
D. Jackson is behaving more like a king than an elected leader.
![Page 32: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Election of 1836 Jackson served 2 terms – was very popular Jackson’s vice-president, Martin Van
Buren became the 8th President of the U.S. A few months after Van Buren
took office a panic (fear) about the economy spread.
Panic of 1837 - a widespread fear about the state of the economy
![Page 33: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Depression People took their paper money to the banks
and demand gold or silver. The banks could not pay the people The banks went bankrupt. Depression – severe economic slump Van Buren’s Presidency marked by
depression; was not marked with man advances or achievements.
![Page 34: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
President Review1. George Washington2. John Adams3. Thomas Jefferson4. James Madison5. James Monroe6. John Quincy Adams7. Andrew Jackson8. Martin Van Buren
![Page 35: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Election of 1840 Henry Clay and Daniel Webster argued that the
government needed to help the economy Van Buren disagreed – would not help Many Americans blamed Martin Van Buren for the
Panic
Clay, Webster, and Jackson opponents formed the Whig Party for the election of 1840
![Page 36: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Election of 1840 The Whig Party was named after a British
Party & they did not support A. Jackson The Whigs opposed all the power the
chief executive (the President) has The Whigs chose William Henry
Harrison for President and John Tyler for Vice President Harrison was a war hero
![Page 37: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Harrison dies in office William Henry Harrison became the 9th
President of the United States Died of pneumonia one month after being
inaugurated John Tyler, Harrison’s Vice President,
took Harrison’s place after he died – becoming the 10th President of the United States.
![Page 38: Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051316/56813907550346895da0bdb2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Let’s Review… Presidents…1. George Washington2. John Adams3. Thomas Jefferson4. James Madison5. James Monroe6. John Quincy Adams7. Andrew Jackson8. Martin Van Buren9. William Henry Harrison10. John Tyler