chapter 12. require less adult supervision increased responsibility for tasks ready for direct...
TRANSCRIPT
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Chapter 12
5 TO 7 SHIFT
Require less adult supervision Increased responsibility for tasks Ready for direct instruction (formal
schooling)
BODY GROWTH IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD Slow, regular pattern Girls shorter and lighter until
about age 9 Lower portion of body growing
fastest Bones lengthen Muscles very flexible All permanent teeth arrive
TRENDS IN PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT –MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (AGES 6-11)
OBSERVESteady gains in
weight and heightAcquisition of
primary teethRefinement of
gross and fine motor skills
Participation in organized sports
SCHOOL!
DIVERSITYVariation in
height/weight at any age level
Innate talents (athletic abilities) emerge
Gender differences appear
Environment plays a major role in dev.
PHYSICAL WELL-BEING Good health involves:
Eating wellPhysical ActivityRest & Sleep
EATING
Eating Habits - diet and nutrition affect: Physical growth, brain development, sexual
maturation, energy level, concentration, long-term health
Good eating habits start from birth (breastfeeding)Contributors to bad eating habits:
Finances Parents too busy Others?
Children: eventually become responsible for what they eat
OVERWEIGHT YOUTH Although many schools have restricted the
contents of vending machines, still about 16% of children and adolescents ages 6 -
18 are overweight 8.6% of children ages 2 – 6 are dangerously
overweight Obesity– when a person (child) weighs 20%
more than their “ideal” weight (taking into account age, gender, height, and body build) Leads to health problems in adulthood
Diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, asthma, arthritis
Obesity is somewhat genetic, but environmental factors also play a part Family eating patterns and restricted exercise Interventions? What can we do?
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
TELEVISION VIEWING AND CHILDHOOD OBESITY
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY “Rough and tumble” play – physical
“fighting” typical in early and middle Organized Sports
Pros Offer agility, endurance, and strength building Promotes social skills through fostering
communication, cooperation, and leadershipCons
unhealthy competition (usually from parent pressure)
athletically talented children succeed at the expense of less gifted teammates
ENCOURAGING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Be pro-ACTIVEProvide safe guidance and equipmentMake exercise fun and enjoyablePlan activities around the diversity of
abilities Focus on self-improvement rather than
comparison to others Build on children’s interests
Emphasize enjoymentLet kids contribute
Be careful not to let children overdo it
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
MOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Gross Motor Skills GainsFlexibilityBalanceAgilityForcehttp://youtu.be/yeU2eHo_jwQ
Fine Motor Skills GainsWritingDrawing
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
SIX-YEAR OLD’S DRAWING
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
EIGHT-YEAR OLD’S DRAWING
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
TEN-YEAR OLD’S DRAWING