chapter 12 processor data organization. objectives (1 of 2) describe a processor file. explain what...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 12
Processor Data Organization
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Objectives (1 of 2)
• Describe a processor file.
• Explain what two files make up a processor file.
• Explain the function of a program file.
• Explain the function of a data file.
• List the contents of a program file.
• Explain the contents of a bit file.
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Objectives (2 of 2)
• Explain how a bit file is made up.• Explain the contents and makeup of an
integer file.• Explain what an element and a sub-element
are. • List which instructions have multiple word
elements.• Describe what status bits are and where they
are used.
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Project File Terms (1 of 2)
• Project– The collection of the ladder program and all
associated information
• Processor file– Contains all information that is downloaded
into the processor• The processor file contains program files and data
files.
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Project File Terms (2 of 2)
• Program files– Program files are ladder files. – The SLC 500 can contain up to 256 ladder files.
• Data files– Data files contain data associated with the ladder
file(s). – The SLC 500 can contain up to 256 data files.
• Database files– Database files contain ladder documentation file data.
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RSLogix 500 Project Tree (1 of 2)
• The RSLogix 500 software stores all project files in the project tree.
• File is a group of related elements.
• Project tree is similar to a table of contents.
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RSLogix 500 Project Tree (2 of 2)
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Processor Memory Is Like a Two-Drawer File Cabinet
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Program Files in Their Separate File Drawer
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Data Files Stored in Their Separate Drawer
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SLC 500 Default Data Files
• When a new project is created, the software creates data files 0 through 8.
• Each file has a file identifier and a file number.
• A file is a group of related elements.
• The file identifier and file number make up part of the data stored in the file’s address.
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SLC 500 Default Data Files (1 of 2)
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SLC 500 Default Data Files (2 of 2)
• Each file contains specific information needed by the processor in order to complete its job of executing the user ladder program.
• Default data files are organized as follows:
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File 0, Output Status File (1 of 2)
• Made up of single bits grouped into a 16-bit word– Each bit represents the ON or OFF state of
one output point.– There is one output word reserved for each
output module in your SLC 500 system.
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File 0, Output Status File (2 of 2)
• File identified as file O.
• Bit identifiers across top of file represent discrete output screw terminal designation.
• Address format O:2.0.– O identifies output file type.– 2 identifies output module in chassis slot 2.– .0 identifies word zero.
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SLC 500 Output Status File
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File 1, Input Status File (1 of 2)
• Made up of single bits grouped into a 16-bit word.– Each bit represents the ON or OFF state of
one input point.– There is one input word reserved for each
input module in your SLC 500 system.
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File 1, Input Status File (2 of 2)
• File identified as file 1.
• Bit identifiers across top of file represent discrete output screw terminal designation.
• Address format I:3.0.– I identifies output file type.– 3 identifies input module in chassis slot 3.– .0 identifies word zero.
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SLC 500 Input Status File (1 of 2)
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SLC 500 Input Status File (2 of 2)
• Only words in the output and input status files are created for I/O modules that actually exist in the SLC 500 system.
• Output and input status file word creation is part of the I/O configuration process.
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B3, Binary, or Bit File
• The binary or bit file stores single-bit data.
• Binary file also referred to as an internal coil, internal relay storage.
• Internal bits are used to store internal data.
• Identified as file B3.
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Each Bit File Element Consists of One 16-bit Word
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T4, Timer File
• The timer file stores only timer elements.• An element is a word or group of words that work together as a
unit.• A timer is made of three pieces or words.
– Preset value– Accumulated value– Status bits
• The preset value and accumulated value are 16-bit signed integers.
• Status bits are single bits that make up one 16-bit word.• These three words work together as a unit.
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One Timer Element Is Made of Three 16-bit Words
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Timer Addressing
• Sample timer element addressT4:2– T4 = timer file 4– :2 = timer element #2 (0-255 timer elements
per file)
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Sub-Element
• A sub-element is part of an element addressable as a unit.
• The preset value and accumulated value are sub-elements of a timer.– T4:0.PRE– T4:0.ACC
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Timer Status Bits
• Timers have three status bits.
• Done bit (DN) is true when the accumulated value and preset are equal.
• Timer timing bit (TT) is true when the timer is timing.
• Enable bit (EN) is true when the timer instruction is enabled or true.
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Timer Bit Addressing
• Status bit addresses for timer file 4, timer element 2 (T4:2) are listed below:– T4:2/DN is the address for the done bit.– T4:2/EN is the address for the enable bit.– T4:2/TT is the address for the timer timing bit.
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Timer File T4
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C5, Counter File
• The counter file stores only counter elements.• An element is a word or group of words that work together as a
unit.• A counter is made of three pieces or words:
– Preset value– Accumulated value– Status bits
• The preset value and accumulated value are 16-bit signed integers.
• Status bits are single bits that make up one 16-bit word.• These three words work together as a unit.
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One Counter Element Is Made of Three 16-bit Words
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Counter Addressing
• Sample counter element address C5:2– C5 = timer file 5– :2 = counter element #2 (0-255 timer
elements per file)
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Sub-Element
• A sub-element is part of an element addressable as a unit.
• The preset value and accumulated value are sub-elements of a counter.– C5:0.PRE– C5:0.ACC
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Counter Status Bits (1 of 2)
• Counter has five status bits.
• Done bit (DN) is true when the accumulated value and preset are equal.
• Count up enable bit (CU) is true when the up counter is true or enabled.
• Count down enable bit (CD) is true when the count down counter is enabled or true.
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Counter Status Bits (2 of 2)
• The overflow bit (OV) is true when the up counter has overflowed above +32767.
• The underflow bit (UN) is true when the down counter has underflowed below -32768.
• The update accumulator bit (UA) is a high-speed counter status bit for fixed SLC 500 PLCs.
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Counter Status Bit Addressing (1 of 2)
• Status bit addresses for counter file 5, counter element 0 (C5:0) are listed below:– C5:0/DN is the address for the done bit.– C5:0/CU is the address for the count up
enable bit.
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Counter Status Bit Addressing (2 of 2)
– C5:0/CD is the address for the count down enable bit.
– C5:0/OV is the address for the count up overflow bit.
– C5:0/UN is the address for the count down underflow bit.
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Counter File C5
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R6, the Control File
• The control file is used to store status information for – Bit shift– First-in and first-out stacks (FIFO)– Last-in and first-out stacks (LIFO)– Sequencer instructions– Certain ASCII instructions
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One Control Element Is Made of Three 16-bit Words
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N7, Integer File
• The integer file stores a 16-bit signed integer representing a whole number.
• Integer file data range –32,768 to +37,767.
• Integer file has no status bits.
• Each integer file can have 0 to 255 integer elements.
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Integer File Element Consists of 16-bit Elements
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F8, Floating Point File
• Storage of fractional numerical data or values greater than 32767
• Data range of 1.1754944e-38 to 3.40282347e+38
• Floating point file is processor operating system dependent
• Must have 5/03 modular processor with OS 301 or above, 5/04 or 5/05 processor
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Floating Point File Data Representation
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User-Defined Data Files (1 of 2)
• Default files are data files 0 through 8.
• Total of 256 data files if processor will support them.
• Each data file can have up to 256 elements if processor supports them and has enough memory.
• Files greater than file number 8 are user-defined files.
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User-Defined Data Files (2 of 2)
• User-defined files are data files the user can create and define as needed for specific applications.
• They cannot create additional output, input, or status files.
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SLC 500 User-Defined Files
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Review of SLC 500 Data Files