Chapter 12 Atmosphere Review

• What is the cause of wind?A.The greenhouse effectB.Unequal heating of Earth’s surfaceC.The release of latent heat was water changes

states

• Sea breezes form during the day whenA.A high-pressure area forms over the landB.The land heats faster than nearby oceanC.The ocean heats faster than the nearby land

• What does the Coriolis effect do to winds in the Northern Hemisphere?

A.Causes them to blow fasterB.Causes them to reverse directionC.Causes them to turn to the right

• Why do land breezes blow from the land to sea at night?

A.The land is colderB.Land cools faster than nearby waterC.An area of low pressure forms over the land

Prevailing winds, jet streams, trade winds, polar easterlies

5. Steady east – west winds that flow towards the equator6. Winds that blow from west to east between 30 and 60 degrees7. Cold winds that blow from east to west near the poles8. Narrow bands of high winds near the top of the troposphere

• In the area of the atmosphere that is closest to Earth’s surface, the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles of matter occurs.

• Conduction

• About one-quarter of the Sun’s radiation does not reach Earth because clouds and small particles in the air _____________ solar waves.

• reflect

• Visible light, ultra violet light, and infrared radiation waves are types of electromagnetic waves that transfer thermal energy from the sun.

• Radiation

• Close to Earth’s surface, where conduction occurs, the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of matter from one place to another can also occur

• Convection

• The formation of thunderstorms depends on the strength or weakness of circulating air motions of the atmosphere

• stability

• A layer of cooler air near Earth’s surface is trapped by a layer of warmer air when a condition in the troposphere that involves a temperature increase with altitude occurs

• Temperature inversion

• The Sun’s energy reaches _______ through a process known as radiation.

• Earth / Earth’s surface

List the layers of the atmosphere from nearest to furthest from Earth

• Troposphere• Stratosphere• Mesosphere• Thermosphere• Exosphere

Match the layer to the correct term

• Exosphere• Thermosphere• Mesosphere• Stratosphere• Troposphere

• Small meteors• Airplanes• Satellites• Clouds• Weather balloons

• Earth’s atmosphere keeps the planet’s temperature within a certain range

• True• Oxygen is the most common gas in the

atmosphere• False• The troposphere’s ozone layer protects

organisms from the Sun’s harmful rays.• False

• The mesosphere and thermosphere protect Earth from meteorites

• True• All weather happens in the thermosphere• False• Air pressure decreases with altitude in the

troposphere• True

• The exosphere is the furthest from Earth• True• Auroras occur when ions from the Sun strike

air molecules, causing them to emit vivid colors

• True• Where do auroras occur?• Ionosphere – within the meso/thermosphere