chapter 10 - sex offenses
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 10
Sex Offenses
Hess 10-1
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Introduction• Anyone may become a victim of sexual assault• Some sex offenders are emotionally disturbed and feel
no remorse• Most victims know their attacker• Most attacks do not occur in dark alleys
Hess 10-2
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HARASSING BEHAVIOR• Stressful and frightening• Callers want to remain anonymous• First step is to make a police report• Next contact may be the phone company• Police have resources to identify service providers
Hess 10-3
Investigating Obscene Telephone Calls and Texts
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CONCERNS• Soliciting sexual intercourse for pay• Personal safety concerns• Public health concerns• Quality-of-life concerns
Hess 10-4
Investigating Prostitution
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TRAFFICKING VERSUS SMUGGLING• Smuggling
Paid to assist in the illegal crossing of borders Person may choose to be smuggled
• Trafficking Forced to work off debt from smuggling Forced into a situation of exploitation
Hess 10-5
Investigating Human Trafficking
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MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS• Victim knew or was paid• Has to cross borders• Can’t be U.S. citizens
CHALLENGES TO LAW ENFORCEMENT• Jurisdictional and investigatory difficulties
Hess 9-6
Investigating Human Trafficking
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OFFENSES• Bigamy• Child molestation• Incest• Indecent exposure• Prostitution• Sodomy and rape (sexual assault)
Hess 10-7
Classification of Sex Offenses
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ELEMENTS OF THE CRIME• Commonly includes an
act of sexual intercourse Other than a spouse Without victim’s consent Against the victim’s will By force
Hess 10-8
Rape/Sexual Assault
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CHALLENGES TO INVESTIGATION• Sensitive nature of the offense• Social attitudes• Victim’s horror or embarrassment• Rape investigation requires great sensitivity
Rape/Sexual Assault
Hess 10-9
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INFORMATION TO OBTAIN• Conduct a field identification• Check modus operandi files
PHYSICAL EVIDENCE• Rape kits • Secure the scene• Photograph all injuries to
the victim
Hess 10-10
The Police Response
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INVESTIGATING DATE RAPE• Common date rape drugs• Drug-Induced Rape Prevention
and Punishment Act • Inform medical personnel • Date rape drug suspected• Blood and urine tests
The Police Response
Hess 10-11
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EVIDENCE COLLECTION• Seek prompt medical attention• Key to prosecution in future• Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANE) program
Classroom training Clinical training
Hess 10-12
Victim’s Medical Examination
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BENEFITS• Victims retain their anonymity • Confidentiality • Critical information shared• Victims can gather legal information • Don’t have to commit immediately to investigation
Hess 10-13
Blind Reporting
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OVERVIEW• Reinforce the victim’s emotional well-being• Obtain the facts• Deal with victim’s emotional and psychological needs• Cooperation depends on interviewer’s attitude• Interview location is important
Hess 10-14
Interviewing the Victim
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ESTABLISHING THE BEHAVIORAL PROFILE• Method of approach• How perpetrator maintained control
ENDING THE VICTIM INTERVIEW• Explanation of available victim assistance programs• Explain what will happen next• Give case number and phone number to call
Interviewing the Victim
Hess 10-15
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FOLLOW UP• 2 to 5 days• Compare statements• Crime scene or evidence altered in any way• Interview all possible witnesses
Hess 10-16
Follow-Up Investigation
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INTERVIEWS• Locate as soon as possible• Canvass neighborhood• Determine relationships• Interview acquaintances• Many victims know their rapists
Hess 10-17
Interviewing Witnesses
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CLASSIFICATIONS• Know the victims• Known sex offenders• Sadistic• Rapists• Fantasy in sexual assault
Hess 10-18
Sex Offenders
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OBJECTIVES• Record any spontaneous statements • Photograph suspect• If more than one suspect is present, separate them• Suspect should be the last person interviewed• Building rapport is the first step
Hess 10-19
Taking a Suspect into Custody and Interrogation
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INTERAGENCY COOPERATION• Public and news media • Medical and hospital personnel• Rape crisis centers • Social workers
Hess 10-20
Coordination with Other Agencies
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CONVICTION• Requires medical evidence• Physical evidence such as torn clothing• Evidence of injuries • Complaint reported reasonably close to the time of
the assault
Hess 10-21
Prosecution of Rape and Statutory Charges
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RISK OF RECIDIVISM• Legislation that allows the civil commitment • Sex offender civil commitment (SOCC)• Many contend that these acts violate offenders’ civil
rights• Must be proof an offender is having difficulty
Hess 10-22
Civil Commitment of Sex Offenders after Sentences Served
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FEDERAL STATUTES• Evolution of sex offender registries• Jacob Wetterling Act• Megan’s Law• Pam Lychner Act
Hess 10-23
Sex Offender Registry and Notification
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MONITORING• Internet• Global positioning system (GPS)• Motor vehicle database• Flag driver-license and vehicle registration files
Hess 10-24
Sex Offender Registry and Notification
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Summary• Distinction between human trafficking and smuggling
lies in freedom of choice• Special challenges in investigating rape include the
sensitive nature of the offense• Many departments have implemented a procedure
known as blind reporting• The evolution of sex offender registries can be traced to
a trilogy of federal statutes
Hess 10-25