chapter 1: the sociological perspective
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Chapter 1: The Sociological Perspective. What is Sociology?. The systematic study of social and human groups Mainly social relationships, attitudes, and society as a whole. Society is a large grouping sharing the same territory and political authority, as well as cultural expectations. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 1: THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
The systematic study of social and human groups
Mainly social relationships, attitudes, and society as a whole.
Society is a large grouping sharing the same territory and political authority, as well as cultural expectations.
C. Wright Mills- The sociological imagination
Mill’s term for relationship between individual’s and society’s experiences. (personal vs. public)
THE GLOBAL SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
High, Middle, and Low income countries High represents technologically
advanced, with relatively high levels of personal income. United States, Japan, Western Europe
Middle represents growing industry and moderate income levels. Brazil, Mexico, Latin America, arguably
China Low corresponds to agrarian nations
with little to no industrialization or income. Parts of Africa, Asia, India
GLOBAL DIVERSITY
IMP
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DIV
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IN
SO
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LO
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This is mostly all of Chapter 1, so there are others. However these are perhaps the core founders of modern sociology and therefore important to know.
Feel free to switch between this and the next slide to “quiz” yourself on what these individuals did, or contributed.
1) Plato, Aristotle2) Auguste Comte3) Harriet Martineau4) Herbert Spencer5) Emile Durkheim6) Karl Marx7) Max Weber8) Georg Simmel9) W.E.B. Dubois10) Robert E. Park11) Erving Goffman12) C. Wright Mills13) Talcott Parsons/ Robert Merton14) George H. Mead
More precise definitions and examples are listed in the chapter index of the book.
1) Speculation on what an ideal society was
2) Coined “sociology,” and the ideas of knowledge Theological, Metaphysical, Scientific/ Positive
3) Condensed Comte’s work, believed society would benefit most from equal treatment of sexes
4) Social Darwinism, argued society like an organism
5) Father of Sociology, social facts (patterned ways of acting outside individuals, but effects each person) Anomie
6) Class conflict, between bourgeoisie and proletariat
7) Verstehen, sight of the world as others see it
8) Social interactions, group communication, thoughts on money and how it molds society
9) Dual heritage creates double consciousness, conflicting values/ identities
10) Head of first Sociology department at Chicago
11) Dramaturgical Analysis, “world is a stage”
12) Sociological Imagination
13) Functionalist perspective, latent and manifest functions
14) Symbolic-Interactionist perspective
THE MAJOR THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Macro-level Functionalist
Society is a stable ordered system See homeostasis
Conflict Society’s groups in
continuous power struggle Neo-Marxist,
Racial-Ethnic, and Feminist (gender)
Micro-level Symbolic-Interactionist
Society’s day to day behaviors, interactions, communications/ symbolism
Postmodernist Micro and Macro-level
Characterized by industry, information exchange, and shift from production to consumption
SO
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Anthropology Though like Sociology in studying human
behavior, Anthropology is more concerned with geographic and evolutionary existence of humanity over time
Psychology A systematic study of behavior and
mental processes as a function of the individual’s mind, as opposed to the group’s
Economics Focuses mainly on the economy of a
society, though the macro and micro theories are directly dependent on a group’s, as well as an individual’s actions (or inactions…)
Political Science The study of the political institution in
society, power, policies, laws and ethics.
REFERENCES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
o Sociology In Our Times (Seventh Edition)o By: Diana Kendall
o Notes incorporatedo By: James V. Thomas, NIU Professor (Emeritus)o Formatted By: Jacob R. Kalnins, NIU student
o Pictures Incorporatedo Clip Art (PowerPoint: 2007)o Google Images: Sociology In Our Times