chapter 1: introduction to medical terminology if a word or phase is underlined, you will need to...
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical TerminologyTerminology
Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical TerminologyTerminology
If a word or phase is underlined, you will need to write it for your notes today!!
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGYMEDICAL TERMINOLOGYMEDICAL TERMINOLOGYMEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
The process of dividing medical words into component parts.
Analysis of words will make medical terminology easier to understand and remember.
The process of dividing medical words into component parts.
Analysis of words will make medical terminology easier to understand and remember.
ORIGINSORIGINSORIGINSORIGINS
Word parts generally come from two language origins: Greek Latin
Word parts generally come from two language origins: Greek Latin
5 BASIC WORD 5 BASIC WORD PARTSPARTS
5 BASIC WORD 5 BASIC WORD PARTSPARTS
Root wordSuffixPrefixesCombining vowelCombining form
Root wordSuffixPrefixesCombining vowelCombining form
ROOT WORDROOT WORDROOT WORDROOT WORD Root Word – foundation of the word, usually
indicates the involved body part Examples:
cardi - cephal – gastr – cyt –
A medical term can have one or more root words.
Ex. – cardi/o/thorac/ic = pertaining to heart and chest
Root Word – foundation of the word, usually indicates the involved body part
Examples: cardi - cephal – gastr – cyt –
A medical term can have one or more root words.
Ex. – cardi/o/thorac/ic = pertaining to heart and chest
SUFFIXESSUFFIXESSUFFIXESSUFFIXESWord ending; usually indicates a
procedure, condition, disorder or disease.Read from the suffix backwards to the
root word for the correct meaning.Suffixes can be nouns or adjectivesAll medical words have suffixes (star or
asterick this point)Examples:
-itis -ic -logy -lysis
Word ending; usually indicates a procedure, condition, disorder or disease.
Read from the suffix backwards to the root word for the correct meaning.
Suffixes can be nouns or adjectivesAll medical words have suffixes (star or
asterick this point)Examples:
-itis -ic -logy -lysis
PREFIXESPREFIXESPREFIXESPREFIXESWord beginning; usually indicates
location, time, or a numberNot all medical words have prefixesExamples:
a-pre-hyper-sub-
Word beginning; usually indicates location, time, or a number
Not all medical words have prefixesExamples:
a-pre-hyper-sub-
COMBINING VOWELS COMBINING VOWELS AND FORMSAND FORMS
COMBINING VOWELS COMBINING VOWELS AND FORMSAND FORMS
Combining Vowel A vowel that links two word parts together Usually an ‘o’ Has no meaning of it’s own (EX - cardi/o/thoracic)
Combining Form – root word plus a combining vowel
Examples:Hemat/o – Cardi/o – Gastr/o – Oste/o –
Combining Vowel A vowel that links two word parts together Usually an ‘o’ Has no meaning of it’s own (EX - cardi/o/thoracic)
Combining Form – root word plus a combining vowel
Examples:Hemat/o – Cardi/o – Gastr/o – Oste/o –
RULES FOR USING RULES FOR USING COMBINING VOWELSCOMBINING VOWELS
RULES FOR USING RULES FOR USING COMBINING VOWELSCOMBINING VOWELS
1. When the ending of the root word and the beginning of the suffix are both consonants, use a combining vowel.
Example – hemat/o/logy
2. When the ending of the root word is a consonant, and the beginning of the suffix is a vowel, do not use a combining vowel.
Example – gastr/itis (incorrect would be gastroitis)
1. When the ending of the root word and the beginning of the suffix are both consonants, use a combining vowel.
Example – hemat/o/logy
2. When the ending of the root word is a consonant, and the beginning of the suffix is a vowel, do not use a combining vowel.
Example – gastr/itis (incorrect would be gastroitis)
RULES FOR USING RULES FOR USING COMBINING VOWELSCOMBINING VOWELS
RULES FOR USING RULES FOR USING COMBINING VOWELSCOMBINING VOWELS
3. A combining vowel is always used when two root words are joined.
Example – cardi/o/thorac/ic
4. A prefix does not require a combining
vowelExample – epi/gastr/ic
3. A combining vowel is always used when two root words are joined.
Example – cardi/o/thorac/ic
4. A prefix does not require a combining
vowelExample – epi/gastr/ic
TAKING TERMS TAKING TERMS APARTAPART
TAKING TERMS TAKING TERMS APARTAPART
Determine a medical word’s meaning by looking at the component pieces.Start at the suffix (all medical terms will
have one)Identify if there is a prefix (not all medical
terms will have one)Locate the root words (there may be more
than one)Identify the meaning of each word part as
you separate them
Determine a medical word’s meaning by looking at the component pieces.Start at the suffix (all medical terms will
have one)Identify if there is a prefix (not all medical
terms will have one)Locate the root words (there may be more
than one)Identify the meaning of each word part as
you separate them
TAKING TERMS TAKING TERMS APARTAPART
TAKING TERMS TAKING TERMS APARTAPART
Remember!Remember!
If you have any doubt about the correct meaning of a word, use a medical dictionary (appendix, internet) to
double check the definition.
Remember!Remember!
If you have any doubt about the correct meaning of a word, use a medical dictionary (appendix, internet) to
double check the definition.
SPELLLINGSPELLLINGSPELLLINGSPELLLING In medicine, spelling is critical!!!
One wrong letter could mean an entirely different place on the body or test to be performed
Example – ilium (bone in the hip) and ileum (part of the small intestine) – what would happen if you ordered the wrong test??
In medicine, spelling is critical!!!
One wrong letter could mean an entirely different place on the body or test to be performed
Example – ilium (bone in the hip) and ileum (part of the small intestine) – what would happen if you ordered the wrong test??
Time to PracticeTime to Practice
Remember, a suffix will have a dash at the beginning (Ex: -itis) A prefix will have a dash at the end (Ex: sub-) A root word will have a slash and an “o” (Ex: cardi/o)
First, combine one root word with one suffix so the word makes sense (Ex: gastr/o + -itis = gastritis)
Second, combine one prefix, one root word, and one suffix so that the word makes sense (Ex: peri- + cardi/o + -itis =pericarditis)
Finally, see if you can combine two root words with one suffix so that the word makes sense (Ex: gastr/o + enter/o + -itis)
Remember, a suffix will have a dash at the beginning (Ex: -itis) A prefix will have a dash at the end (Ex: sub-) A root word will have a slash and an “o” (Ex: cardi/o)
First, combine one root word with one suffix so the word makes sense (Ex: gastr/o + -itis = gastritis)
Second, combine one prefix, one root word, and one suffix so that the word makes sense (Ex: peri- + cardi/o + -itis =pericarditis)
Finally, see if you can combine two root words with one suffix so that the word makes sense (Ex: gastr/o + enter/o + -itis)