Chapter 1 Animal Study GuideTest is on Tuesday, Sept 17th

1. What is a vertebrate?

Animal with a skull and backbone

2. What is an invertebrate?

Animal with NO skull or backbone

What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate?

The difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate is that a vertebrate has a skull and backbone and an invertebrate does not.

3. Give three examples of vertebrates: Monkey Elephant Fish Snakes Human Reptiles Birds All Mammals would be correct examples

4. Give three examples of invertebrates: Jellyfish Sponge Starfish Octopus Clam Worms Arthropods (Insects, spiders, ticks,

lobster, butterfly)

5. Multicellular: Having many cells to make up an

organism Cells are eukaryotic (no cell wall)

5. Usually reproduce by sexual reproduction: An egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell

to make a new organism

5. Develop from embryos: Stems from fertilized cell An embryo is an organism in it’s earliest

stage of development

5. Have many specialized parts: Each animal has unique parts to it that

serve as different functions Tissues-collection of similar cells- Ex:

muscle tissue, nerve tissue Organs-Two or more tissues make an

organ. Ex: heart, lungs, brain

5. Move: Animals go from one place to another

for a specific purpose

5. Are consumers: Animals get their energy from other

sources They cannot make their own food

6. What is the difference between innate and learned behavior? Innate: behavior that you can do but no

one had to teach you

Learned: behavior that you had to be taught or learned by observation

7. Give two examples of innate behavior and two examples of learned behavior. Innate: a baby crying after birth, a dog

walking, ability for speech, whale swimming, breathing, blinking, eating

Learned: a person speaking English, a monkey cleaning its food, how to be polite, a human swimming

8. How do animals survive during their period of hibernating and estivating? Lower body temperature Lower heart rate Lower breathing rate Lives off of stored body fat

9. What is the difference between hibernation and estivation? Hibernation: during the winter

Estivation: during the summer

How do you restate the question to make a complete sentence?

The difference between hibernation and estivation is that hibernation is in the winter and estivation is in the summer.

10. What are reasons why animals hibernate and estivate?

Food shortages

Water shortages

Extreme temperatures (either too hot or too cold)

11. What is a biological clock? An internal cycle over a longer period of

time that tells animals when to migrate, hibernate, or estivate

12. What do animals do when their seasonal biological clock tells them the seasons are changing? Migrate Hibernate Estivate

13. What are signs in the environment that tell an animal their biological clock needs to kick in? Daylight-days getting shorter or longer Leaves changing Temperature changes

14. What is a circadian rhythm?

Daily schedule

15. Give three different examples that show what a MONKEY’s circadian rhythm is telling it. Wake up 7:00am Hungry- eats breakfast 7:30am Daytime nap 8:00-3:00 Wake up from nap 3:00 Hungry-eats snack 3:15

16. Explain how animals navigate.

Landmarks Sun & Stars Magnetic Field

Animals use landmarks such as streams, rivers, mountains, coast lines, specific trees, etc. to find their way from one place to another.

Using the sun, moon and stars animals can see which direction they are traveling.

Some animals, such as migratory birds, have a magnet above their nostril in order to tell them which direction they are heading using the Earth’s magnetic pull.

Smell

They will mark their territory in order to find their way back to certain places

17. These are the four types of communication. Give an example of each type.

Smell Sound Vision Touch

Ants use pheromones to find their way home

Communicate to find food or warn others

Speak

Knocking on door

Crickets chirp

Humans use body

language to show

expression; courtship displays

Hugs to show you

care

Tap gets your

attention

Bees waggle dance

18. List the advantages and disadvantages of living in groups.

Advantages Disadvantages

• Defend territory• Help find food• Easier for mating• Safety in numbers

• Spread diseases• Fighting• Attract predators• Need more food

Good Luck and Study Hard