changing attitudes – how can we ensure apprenticeships and practical qualifications are respected?
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Changing Attitudes – How can we ensure apprenticeships and practical qualifications are respected?. The Sutton Trust-Pearson Higher Ambitions Summit 2014 London 8/9 July, 2014. «A national system of education is a living thing , the outcome of forgotten struggles and difficulties, - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Dr. Ursula Renold, ETHZ – KOF Swiss Economic Institute, Zurich
Changing Attitudes – How can we ensure apprenticeships and practical qualifications are respected?
The Sutton Trust-Pearson Higher Ambitions Summit 2014London 8/9 July, 2014
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Bereday, George Z. F. “Sir Michael Sadler’s ‘Study of Foreign Systems of Education’.” (Original was published in 1900)
Comparative Education Review 7, no. 3 (February 1, 1964): 307–314., p. 310
«A national system of education is a living thing, the outcome of forgotten struggles and
difficulties, and ’of battles long ago’.
It has in it some of the secret workings of national live.
It reflects, while it seeks to remedy, the failings of the national character».
ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
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«Vocational Education and Training is a good thing, but for other people’s children».
(American mantra)
ETHZ/KOF • Prof. Dr. Ursula Renold
The facts & figures show that this is hard to believe from a Swiss point of you!
Why?
Testimonial from the United States:
The Swiss example
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• challenges 20 years ago
• Long-term strategy and inter-generation project
• Systematic and systemic approach
• Commitment among involved stakeholders
• research strategy: what works in the ecosystem?
Apprenticeship contracts 1981-1995
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Source: Confederation. “Berufsbildungsbericht Schweiz,” 1996, p. 607
Measure:Introduction of apprenticeshipBarometer (1997)
Outcomes
ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
Apprenticeship«crisis»
Longterm strategy and inter-generation projects:Measures after «apprenticeship crises» mid-90s
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• Monitoring of apprenticeship market barometer• Professional baccalaureate permeability
(no dead end education)• Universities of Applied Sciences and Arts (UAS)• Reform of the commercial employee occupation
(biggest reform in Swiss VET system)• Reform of VPET legislation, new constitutional article• Integration of 5 field of occupation: health sector, social
work, arts, forestry, agriculture • Long-term research strategy (e.g. cost-benefit analysis)
ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
Offer and demand on the Swiss apprenticeship market
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(offer)(apprenticeship contracts)
ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
Companies VET Apprenticeships &
PET Traineeships
One mission: Three partnersCommitment among involved stakeholders
VET Schools+ PET CollegesConfederation
Strategic management and development
26 CantonsImplementation & supervisionVET qualification procedures
Professional organisations Training contentPET qualification procedures
ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
Degree-Mix of Swiss SME companiesVET diploma as highest degree very important!
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Share degree / diploma Sample average
Share Lower*
Compulsory school orapprenticeship
13143 32.8
Share Trained*
Federal VET diploma 13143 47.3
Share Advanced*
Federal PET diploma orUniversity of Applied
Sciences and Arts degree
13143 14.3
Share Acad* University degree 13143 05.6
Own calculations; KOF-Innovationspanel 1999-2011 ETHZ/KOF • Dr. Ursula Renold
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Art. 61a Swiss Education Area
1The Confederation and the Cantons shall, within the scope of their powers, jointly ensure the high quality and accessibility of the Swiss Education Area.
2They shall coordinate their efforts and ensure their cooperation through joint administrative bodies and other measures.
3 They shall ensure in the fulfillment of their duties that general and vocational courses of study achieve equal recognition in society.
A new constitutional article for the Swiss Education Area!(2006)
The unsolved problem in Switzerland: Status of VET! (Results from a public poll 8.2012; N=2‘800)
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Changing attitudes needs …
• … a lot of time• … new actions towards a vision, strategy or
long-term goal• … a long-term commitment of funding agency, VIPs,
people from different generations • … role models and leadership• … a world-wide network and/or movement• … a tension between activists and society, which is
mediated by media• … and much more…
Trailblazers – cohort I
Long-term strategy and inter-generation project
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2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Trailblazers – cohort IIEvaluation/Research
Up-scaling and countrywide introduction
New legislation ?
commitment of all partnersPublic campaign