challenges in grid computing

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET)

Volume 2 Issue3 pp 141-144 June2013 www.ijsret.org ISSN 2278 0882

IJSRET @ 2013

Challenges in Grid computing

Harmeet Kaur Kamal GuptaM.Phil (Department of computer Application) M.Phil (Department of Computer Application)

Guru Kashi university Guru Kashi UniversityTalwandi Sabo, Bathinda (Pb) Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda (Pb)

[email protected] [email protected]

AbstractCluster computing, utility computing, and

distributed systems in general. This paper

presents about Grid computing. It describes the

features and architecture of grid computing. Grid

computing provides many features but it has also

many problems. The main goal of our paper isthat find out the challenges of the grid

computing, which are facing by grid at this time.

Keywords:-Grid computing, Architecture,

Distributed computing, Resource sharing

Introduction: - Grid computing is quicklybecoming one of the most popular. A grid is a

system that has the ability to manage andorganize resources and services that are

distributed across several control domains,

utilize protocols and interfaces and supply highquality of service. [1] The goal is to create the

illusion of a simple yet large and powerful selfmanaging virtual computer out of a large

collection of connected heterogeneous systems

sharing various combinations of resources. The

following major topics in grid computing: - what

grid computing can do, grid concepts andcomponents, grid construction, the present and

the future. [2] But if the studied on these topics

then many challenges occurs in grid computing.

So in this paper we discuss many challenges,

which are occurred in grid computing.

Grid computing: - Grid Computing is basedon the philosophy of information and electricity

sharing, allowing us to access to another kind ofheterogeneous and geographically separated

resources Grid provides the sharing of

computational resources, storage elements,

specific applications, equipment. Grid is based

on internet protocols and ideas of parallel anddistributed computing. [3]

Today grid computing offers many solutions that

already address and resolve the above problems.

Grid computing solutions are conducted using a

verity of technologies and open standards. Grid

computing is turn; provide highly scalable,

highly secure, and extremely high performance

mechanisms for discovering and negotiating

access to remote computing resources in

seamless manner. [4]

Grid Characteristics: - These characteristics

may be described as follows:

Large scale: A grid must be able to deal with a

number of resources ranging from just a few to

millions. This raises the very serious problem of

avoiding potential performance degradation as

the grid size increases.

Geographical distribution: grids resourcesmay be located at distant places.


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Heterogeneity: A grid hosts both software and

hardware resources that can be very varied

ranging from data, files, software components or

programs to sensors, scientific instruments,

display devices, personal digital organizers,computers, super-computers and networks.

Resource sharing: Resources in a grid belong to

many different organizations that allow other

organizations (i.e. users) to access them.

Nonlocal resources can thus be used byapplications, promoting efficiency and reducing

costs.

Multiple administrations: Each organization

may establish different security and

administrative policies under which their ownedresources can be accessed and used. As a result,

the already challenging network securityproblem is complicated even more with the need

of taking into account all different policies.

Resource coordination: Resources in a grid

must be coordinated in order to provide

aggregated computing capabilities. [5]

Architecture: - Grids provide protocols andservices at five different layers as identified in

the Grid protocol architecture. These are fivelayers in grid architecture.

Figure: Grid Protocol Architecture

Fabric layer: - Grids provide access to different

resource types such as compute, storage and

network resource, code repository, etc. Grids

usually rely on existing fabric components, for

instance, local resource managers.

Connectivity layer:-It defines core

communication and authentication protocols for

easy and secure network transactions. The GSI

(Grid Security Infrastructure) protocol underliesevery Grid transaction.

Resource layer: - It defines protocols for the

publication, discovery, negotiation, monitoring,

accounting and payment of sharing operationson individual resources. The GRAM (Grid

Resource Access and Management) protocol isused for allocation of computational resources

and for monitoring and control of computation

on those resources, and Grid FTP for data access

and high-speed data transfer.

Collective layer: - It captures interactions across

collections of resources, directory services such

as MDS (Monitoring and Discovery Service)

allows for the monitoring and discovery of VO

resources.

Application layer: - It comprises whatever userapplications built on top of the above protocols

and APIs and operate in VO environments. Two

examples are Grid workflow systems, and Grid

portals. [6]

Challenges of grid computing:- A lot ofheterogeneous hardware is used in order to

create the Grid and, in addition, these devices

are not managed by only one person but by

different system administrators in each of thecompanies.[7] Grid follows the challenges that

need to be resolved to harness the full power ofgrid:-

No clear standard:-Grid computing

uses various standards, but all grids are

not use same standards. Example all grid

operating system such as Linux, Apache


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and My SQL are using WSRF, UDDI,

WWW, SOAP and XML standards.

Oracle 10g enterprise implement

without WSRF. IBM develops the Grid

middleware based on J2EE. We cannotuse different OS at the same machine in

the same time in grid computing.

Distributed computing Vs Gridcomputing: - Grid computing involvesdynamic virtual organisation, resource

sharing and peer to peer computing. The

Grid intends to make access to

computing power, scientific data

repositories and experimental facilitiesas easy as the Web makes access to

information. Same all facilities providethe grid computing. So it is a challenge

for grid computing.

Lack of grid enabled software: - The

software, which are enabled the grid

computing are less, It has limited

software on Grid. Much software has

not copyright issues and source code of

licence. It is need for more company

developing grid-enabled version, need

more developers on grid development

and need to develop open sourcesoftware.

Sharing Resources between VariousTypes of Services:- Grid used for

sharing resource from various sites and

grid hosts. It handles a massive amount

of data as a grid platform. A lot of sites

and multiple servers gathered there it is

so complex infrastructure. It provides

difficulty for hardware resource sharing

within virtual organisation.

Difficult to develop: - Grid

programming used java, XML, use web

services WSDD, WSDL, UDDI, WSRF,

and GT3developing guidelines. It is a

matter who developing the gridApplications. Basically that is available

for senior computer science developers

and enterprise developers.

Limited Area & Applications:-Grid

computing is used to solve for large and

complex problems. Its area is limited

such as scientists, developer, analysis

and researchers.Grid computing is used in Hollywood

flickers, industrial research, and

biometric research and engineering

research. Grid cannot use for common

problems by common persons.

Management and Administration: -Many institutes and organizations used

grid computing. It distributes the

resources on large geographicallydistributed environments and accesses

the heterogeneous devices andmachines. So it is a major challenge to

manage the administration of the grid

computing.

Conclusion: - In this paper, we describe thefeatures and architecture of grid computing. We

identify challenges and opportunities in grid

computing. But the main objective of our paperis that to find the problems and challenges of

grid environment, if these challenges are

removed by researchers the grid computing can

become more affective and powerful.

Reference

[1] Foster, I., Kesselman, K.: The Grid:

Blueprint For A Future Computing

Infrastructure. In: Morgan Kaufmann In

Computer Architecture And Design (1999).

[2] Luis Ferreira, Viktors Berstis, Jonathan

Armstrong Introduction to Grid Computingwith Globus IBM September 2003

[3] Mara S. Prez Grid and cloudcomputing Facultad de InformticaUniversidad Politcnica de Madrid

[4] Joshy Joseph, Craig Fellenstein Grid

computing published by Pearson Education,

Inc. IBM Corporation 2004.


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[5] 1Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi, 2Amid Khatibi

Bardsiri Cloud Computing Vs. Grid

Computing Dean of the Software Engineering

and Artificial Intelligence Department , Science

and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, IRAN

[6] 1, 2,3Ian Foster, 4Yong Zhao, 1Ioan Raicu,

5Shiyong Lu Cloud Computing and Grid

Computing 360-Degree Compared Departmentof Computer Science, University of Chicago,

Chicago, IL, USA.

[7] David Munoz Sanchez Comparison

between security solutions in Cloud and Grid

Computing Helsinki University of Technology

[8]Gurleen Kaur1, Inderpreet Chopra2 GridComputing- Challenges Confronted

And Opportunities Offered 1Department ofComputer Applications, PCTE, Ludhiana

[9] Hai Jin Grid Computing HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology

challenges in grid computing

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