challenges for the center of mali - world water week · challenges for the center of mali 1. inner...
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Challenges for the Center of Mali
1. Inner Niger Delta• Setting the stage
2. Water Resource Conflicts: • Inappropriate conflict management• Intensification of violence • The rise of inter-community violence
3. Development plans related to the Niger riverConflict-sensitivity and dialogue
4. Way forward: Opportunities and challenges
5. Conclusion and recommendations
The Inner Niger Delta
Largest wetlands in west Africa, Hub of food production and biodiversity Provides 15% of the national cereal production• Provides 80% of the national
fish production• Is home to 50% of the
national herd
• Shrinking of flooded area:
→ from 41 000 Km2 to less than 10 000 Km2 in 50 years….
• Speed population growth:
→ from half million to over 2 million depending on livelihoods from IND
Drastic increase of water stress resulting in (armed) conflicts between fishermen, farmers, pastoralists
IND: Climate buffer and Epicenter of Conflicts, Why?
4
Water-Resource Conflicts
Competition for access to and management of water resources• Conflict over Bourgoufields• Conflict between socio-economic groups• Ethnic polarization
Water-Resource Conflicts: Inappropriate Conflict Management
Laws and Justice systems
• Overlaps & contradiction: Traditional and modern laws
• Disconnect between people and modern justice system
• Traditional justice lacks power and its legitimacy is questioned
• Some misbehavior within the defense and security forces
Water-Resource Conflicts: Intensification of violence
Spread of conflict from the north to the center
• Terrorist and Jihadist groups• Marginalized and young
people are targets• Exploitation of feelings of
inequality• Self-proclaimed self-defense
militias
Water-Resource Conflicts: Inter-community violence
Development plans related to the Niger river
Two projects aimed at food and energy security, but conflict driving, require inclusive Dialogue between stakeholders• Water infrastructures: Fomi
dam• Large scale irrigation: Office du
Niger
Opportunities created by setting up Unions and Coalitions
• Improved communication between water user groups (farmers, fishermen and pastoralists):
➢ Peacebuilding pathway forward
➢ better future predictable;
• Improved organizational capacity of communities for better governance:
➢ negotiation capacity increased
➢ Interests of each group considered
The way forward
10
Challenges
• How improving access to credits to scale up bourgouculture (water grass pilot actions)
• How assuring transparent communication from national policy level to downstream actors
• Handle insecurity linked to external actors imposing charia
The way forward
Conclusions and Recommendations
How to create more security in this complex situation• Challenging wetlands ecosystems sustainable management• Policy and social inclusive dialog on natural resource
management, especially water (gvt, communities, CSO/NGO…)
Thank you!
www.wetlands.org/watershocks