Ch 5 The Cardiovascular System

Overview

Heart:cardi/o> Pumps blood into the arteries. Arteries: arteri/o> Transports blood away to all

body parts (thick). Capillaries: capill/o> Exchanges nutrients and

waste products with cells. Veins: phleb/o, ven/o> Returns blood to the heart

(thin). Blood: hem/o, hemat/o> Brings oxygen and

nutrients to all cells and carries away waste. Plays several important roles in the immune and endocrine systems.

Review Heart Pathway

Arrhythmias: Cardiac arrhythmia- is an irregularity or the loss of

normal rhythm of the heartbeat.

Bradycardia- is an abnormally slow heartbeat (less than 60 beats per minute).

Palpitation- is a pounding of a racing heart with or without irregularity in rhythm. This is associated with certain heart disorders or a panic attack.

Tachycardia- is an abnormal fast heartbeat (greater than 100 beats per minute).

Cholesterol Cholesterol- consists of lipids (fatty substances) that travel in the

blood in packages called lipoproteins.

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)- bad cholesterol that when in excess clogs the arteries. Your number should be less than 200.

High-density lipoproteins- good cholesterol because it carries unneeded cholesterol back to the liver for processing and does not contribute to plaque build up. Your number should be more than 35.

Triglycerides- are combinations of fatty acids attached to glycerol that are also found normally in the blood in limited quantities. Your number should be less than 110.

Hyperlipidemia- is a general term for elevated plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins. The levels of each of these substances can be measured by a blood test.

Blood Types As Donors and Recipients:

Ch 5 aort/o aorta

ary pertaining to

ateri/o artery

brady- slow

cardi/o- heart

emia- blood, blood condition

erythr/o red

phleb/o vein

super, supra above, upper, excessive

thromb/o clot

Terms Anemia> a disorder characterized by lower than normal levels of red

blood cells in the blood

Aorta> the main trunk of the arterial system and begins from the left ventricle of the heart

Arterioles> the smaller thinner branches of the arteries, carries blood to the capillaries

Cardiologist> A specialist in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the heart

Coronary Artery Disease> atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that may cause a heart attack

Erythrocytes> red blood cells

Bradycardia> an abnormally slow heartbeat

Phlebitis> inflammation of veins

Superior vena cava> brings blood from the upper portion of the body

Thrombosis> an abnormal condition in which a blood clot develops within a blood vessel