Ch. 22 Practice Questions

1. The 3 main layers of Earth’s interior are …

a. Crust, core, and lithosphere

b. Mantle, inner core, and outer core

c. Crust, mantle, and core

d. Crust, mantle, and asthenosphere

2. The study of Earth’s composition, structure, and history is called:

a. Seismology

b. Chemistry

c. Physics

d. Geology

3. Rocks are classified as:

a. Sandstone, limestone, or granite

b. Igneous metamorphic, sedimentary

c. Organic, intrusive, or clastic

d. Sedimentary, intrusive, or metamorphic

4. Rocks that are laid down in horizontal layers and often contain fossils are:

a. Igneous

b. Sedimentary

c. Metamorphic

d. All of the above

5. Intense heat, intense pressure, or reactions with hot water can change a pre-existing rock into a/an:

a. Metamorphic rockb. Igneous rockc. Sedimentary rockd. Organic rock

6. Lava comes out a volcano. Which choices show what needs to happen for the lava to change into an igneous rock, and THEN a sedimentary rock?

a. Compaction and cementation; THEN melting

b. Heat and pressure; THEN weathering, compacting and cementing

c. Weathering, compacting, and cementing; THEN heat and pressure

d. Cooling and solidifying; THEN weathering, compacting and cementing.

7. Which layer of Earth is the densest and is made of metals like iron and nickel?

a. Core

b. Mantle

c. Crust

d. Mantle and core

8. Granite forms when molten material cools off underneath Earth’s crust. This makes granite …

a. Intrusive

b. Extrusive

c. Sedimentary

d. Foliated

9. Which choice is TRUE about Earth’s ASTHENOSPHERE?a. The asthenosphere and the crust are

part of Earth’s rigid plate system.

b. The asthenosphere is made up of heavy metals like iron and nickel

c. The asthenosphere is made mostly of light rock like silicates

d. The asthenosphere is plastic-like, with currents of soft moving rock.

10. Which choice is TRUE about the LITHOSPHERE? (Pick 2)a. The lithosphere includes the crust and

the upper mantle.

b. The lithosphere is plastic-like with currents of moving soft rock.

c. The lithosphere consists of rigid slabs of rock, known as “plates”

d. The lithosphere is made of liquid metals.

11. Which choice best compares the ocean crust to the continental crust?

a. Ocean crust is thicker and made of lighter, less dense rock.

b. Ocean crust is thinner and made of lighter, less dense rock.

c. Ocean crust is thicker and made of heavier, more dense rock

d. Ocean crust is thinner and made of heavier, more dense rock.

12. Scientists think that the outer core is liquid metal because ... (Circle all choices that apply)

a. P waves cannot travel through it.

b. S waves cannot travel through it.

c. Earth has a magnetic field.

d. Samples of the core have been studied.

e. None of the above.

13. Why was Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift originally rejected by geologists?

a. Wegener did not have any data to support his hypothesis.

b. The continents of South America and Africa do not fit together well.

c. Wegener could not explain how the continents could move.

d. Wegener’s data was incorrect.

14. A subducting oceanic plate…

a. Is more dense than the plate it moves under.

b. Is pushed up and over the continental crust.

c. Creates an underwater mountain chain called the Mid-ocean ridge.

d. Moves side to side

ABC

D

15. A divergent plate boundary can be found at letter: ______

16. The youngest ocean crust is found at letter: _________

17. This diagram shows …A. Sea floor spreadingB. SubductionC. RiftingD. Transforming

18. The point underground where earthquake vibrations begin is known as the…

19. These seismic waves arrive first and travel be expanding and contracting (accordion style):

P waves?

S waves?

Surface waves?

20. Two results of stress on rocks are:a. Faulting

b. Volcanoes forming

c. Folding

d. Melting

21. Mt. Pele has lava with low amounts of silica and lots of water. Mt. Pele probably has …

a. Quiet eruptionsb. Explosive eruptions

22. Mt. Etna is a steep sided volcano that consists of many layers and erupts violently with ash and gas. What type of volcano is Mt. Etna?a. Shield

b. Cinder cone

c. Composite

23. The volcanoes in Hawaii formed by …a. Subduction

b. Sea floor spreading

c. Over a hot spot

24. Which island is the OLDEST?

A?

B?

C?

A

B

C

AB

C

25. Which letter shows an area that would have volcanoes that form by SEA FLOOR SPREADING?

26. Which choice/choices are results of this plate movement?A. Earthquakes B. VolcanoesC. New Ocean Crust D. Island formation

27. This plate movement is taking place in …

a. Japan b. Iceland c. East Africa d. California

28. Which choices are TRUE about the fault shown below?

a. It is a dip-slip normal fault

b. It is a dip-slip thrust fault

c. It is a strike slip fault.

d. It was produced at a divergent plate boundary.

e. It was produced at a convergent plate boundary

Cross section view

29. What type of environment produced these features?

a. Shearing forces at a transform plate boundary.

b. Tensional forces at a rift zone.

c. Compressional forces at a convergent boundary.

d. It is impossible to tell.

30. Determine the tectonic setting of this plate boundary using the following geologic data.

• There is a high concentration of earthquakes that are shallow near the plate boundary and get deeper inland.

• There are trenches off shore.• There are is a high concentration of composite volcanoes. • The sea-floor age is 50 million years old.

This plate boundary is most likely:

a. A spreading zone along the Mid-ocean Ridge.

b. A rift valley in East Africa

c. A transform plate boundary in California

d. A subduction zone in Indonesia.

Answers1. C 6. D 11.D 16. A 21.A

2. D 7. A 12. A 17. B 22.C

3. B 8. A 13. C 18. FOCUS 23.C

4. B 9. D 14. A 19. P Wave 24. C

5. A 10. A & C 15. A 20. A & C 25.B26.A27.D28.B, E29.C30.D