cfr um&r policies mexico pres 12.8.2004.ppt
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U.S. National Brucellosis
Eradication and ControlProgram:
Regulations
Program StandardPolicies
BEAP
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U.S. Brucellosis Program
Eradication
1934: Brucellosis program launched on a national scale.11.5% reactor rate of adult cattle tested.
1941: Strain 19 vaccine approved.1954: Congress appropriates funds for a national
program.
Cooperative effort between federal,state, and livestock producers.
Down-the-road testing
Calfhood vaccination
Late 1960s & early 70s: New and better presumptive
tests introduces; more specific tests.Early 1970s: Blood testing of cattle at firstpoint of concentration.
INFECTED HERDS FOUND IN FY 1957 -- 123,964
578
1009
801
138
1103
1388
277
851
351
587
299
1357
1129
925
5757
2843
2884
2666
2993
2782
7171
6057
8691
2677
3472
30044227
475
4755649
3596
7820
5704
6904
29823981
509
2299
7609
4870
1773
845
72
1044
481
187
545
37
240
Mid 1970s: Concept of local control leading to
eradication.
Emphasis on epidemio logy, adjacent and
commun ity herd test ing, and infected herd
management.
Use of adult vaccinat ion to inc rease herdresistance and decrease abort ions .
1989: Finding the last vestiges of infection
difficult and costly develop the Rapid
Completion Plan.
1996: RB51 vaccine available.
1997: Re-affirm eradication goals and
implement the Brucellosis EmergencyAction Plan ; Depopulation emphasized.
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Changes to the Brucellosis Eradication
Uniform Methods and Rules (UM&R)
Purpose:
The United States is nearing the goal of eradication of brucellosisfrom domestic cattle and bison. The Brucellosis Eradication UniformMethods and Rules (UM&R) is being reevaluated in view of the currentstatus of the program.
The intent of this reevaluation is twofold; 1) to ensure that the UM&R is still applicable for the current status
and is sufficient to complete the eradication effort, and
2) in light of regionalization initiatives, to ensure that the UM&R issufficient to prevent the introduction of brucellosis into the United
States, since restrictions that we place on animals being importedfrom other countries, which have achieved equivalent status, cannotbe greater than interstate movement restrictions we imposedomestically.
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1997 Brucellosis
Emergency Action Plan
Goal: To achieve total elimination ofBrucellosis from cattle by December 31, 1998,by implementing urgent initiatives throughoutthe Cooperative Brucellosis EradicationProgram.
Beginning August 1, 1997, all activitiesinvolving brucellosis surveillance andmanagement of new cases were conducted asan emergency action. Emergency actionmeans that all activities associated with eachnew case be dealt with as a top priority.
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
Personnel and fiscal resources will be made availablewhere needed to achieve the goal.
The critical program elements to achieve theeradication goal are as follows:
1. Surveillance
2. Infected herd management
3. Community and Contact herds
4. Epidemiology
5. Program Management
6. Program Reviews
7. Public Information
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
Surveillance: Increase the efficacy of both primary and
secondary surveillance methods to the levels
necessary to find the last affected cattle herd inthe United States.
Infected Herd Management:Beginning immediately, newly diagnosed affected
herds will be depopulated where possible.Appropriately, all Brucellosis Class A statesshould seek mandatory depopulation authority.Depopulation initiatives are extended to includeknown exposed high risk animals or herds.
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
Community and Contact herds:
The investigation, testing, and monitoring of high
risk herds will receive top priority attention. The
radius of concern around each new focus of
brucellosis will be a minimum of one mile. All
high risk herds will be monitored for at least one
year following removal of the last known affected
animal.
Epidemiology:
All aspects of epidemiological investigations will
be completed as a top priority.
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
Program Management:
Program managers and designated brucellosis
epidemiologists at all levels will be held
accountable for properly and expediently
executing all aspects of the brucellosis program
including the generation of extraordinary urgency
to achieve the stated goal. Intense monitoring of
program activities for thoroughness andtimeliness will be expected as an integral part of
program management.
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
Program Reviews:Documented internal program reviews at the area
level will be conducted on a quarterly basis in
each Class A state to assure programconformance with the BEAP and to reviewresource needs. Outside reviews will beconducted as needed.
Public Information:A public information campaign will be initiated ateach level to inform the general public andinvolve program participants, both private andregulatory, in the BEAP.
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Brucellosis Emergency Action Plan
An emergency action plan for the eradicationof bovine brucellosis would involve wholeherd vaccination in herds found to be at highrisk for exposure to brucellosis.
VACCINATION:
Program personnel should consider whole
herd vaccination in herds considered at-riskfor exposure. The workgroup feels that if aherd is risky enough to require a test due toadjacent exposure, then it is at-risk enough toconsider adult vaccination with Strain RB-51.