cern : a gateway to fundamental research research & discovery training technology collaborating
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CERN : a gateway to CERN : a gateway to fundamental researchfundamental research
Research & Discovery
Training
Technology
Collaborating
CERN in Numbers• 2502 staff*• 776 Fellows and Associates* • 8855 users*• Budget (2007) 982 MCHF
(610M Euro)*17 July 2007
• Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
• Observers: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and Unesco
CERN: a European laboratory open to the world
CERN is open to international collaboration from all over the world.
Besides the possibility for any institute with adequate backgrounds to join in the experimental program of CERN through participation in any of the CERN experiments
Collaboration agreements (and in many cases formal implementation protocols) have been established with countries and institutes all over the world
Countries with continuing collaboration and substantial contribution to the CERN accelerator program obtain the status of ‘Observer State’ which allows formal participation to the Open CERN Council meetings
In Asia: Japan, India are observer states
CERN policy towards non-member states is based on enlightened self interest and mutual benefits
The strengths of CERN’s relations with different countries depend on the match between CERN’s programme and the means and interests of these countries
Since early 2000 the CERN council has endorsed, amongst other directives towards non-member state activities, a policy addressed to increase CERN’s collaboration with the rapidly developing countries in South and East ASIA
CERN priorities with respect to new collaborations
•Facilitate completion of LHC and its experiments and assuring a sustainable framework for their exploitation
•Encourage cooperation on R&D in support of possible LHC upgrades and improvements of the CERN proton accelerator complex
•Expand Non-member state participation in the CLIC R&D program
•Lay a basis for collaboration on CERN’s future major projects
CERN
Today
2008
ATLAS (spokesperson Peter Jenni)
Number of scientists: 1800
Number of institutes: 164
Number of countries: 35
ATLAS Cavern
The CMS Detector
MUON BARREL
Silicon MicrostripsPixels
ECAL Scintillating PbWO4 crystals
Cathode Strip Chambers Resistive Plate Chambers
Drift Tube Chambers
Resistive Plate Chambers
SUPERCONDUCTINGCOIL
IRON YOKE
TRACKER
MUONENDCAPS
Total weight : 12,500 tOverall diameter : 15 mOverall length : 21.6 mMagnetic field : 4 Tesla
HCAL
Plastic scintillator/brasssandwich
CALORIMETERS(Spokesperson Prof. Tejinder Virdee)
Number of scientists: 1961
Number of institutes: 180
Number of countries: 37
CMS: tracker insertion
Computing: Gridhttp://lcg.web.cern.ch/LCG/
Enabling Grids for E-sciencE
EGEE-II INFSO-RI-031688
GRID:The EGEE project• EGEE
– 1 April 2004 – 31 March 2006– 71 partners in 27 countries, grouped into regional federations
• EGEE-II– 1 April 2006 – 31 March 2008– 91 partners in 32 countries – 13 federations
• Objectives– Large-scale, production-quality
grid infrastructure for e-Science – Attracting new resources and
users from industry as well asscience
– Maintain and further improve“gLite” Grid middleware
CERN
The future
June Council (quote from R. Aymar – June 2007)
PSB
SPSSPS+
Linac4
(LP)SPL
PS
LHC / SLHC DLHC
Out
put
ener
gy
160 MeV
1.4 GeV4 GeV
26 GeV50 GeV
450 GeV1 TeV
7 TeV~ 14 TeV
Linac250 MeV
(LP)SPL: (Low Power) Superconducting Proton Linac (4-5 GeV)
PS2: High Energy PS(~ 5 to 50 GeV – 0.3 Hz)
SPS+: Superconducting SPS(50 to1000 GeV)
SLHC: “Superluminosity” LHC(up to 1035 cm-2s-1)
DLHC: “Double energy” LHC(1 to ~14 TeV)
Updated list of future accelerators
PS2
Present accelerators Future accelerators
• (LP)SPL is the baseline injector for PS2• PS2 will use nc magnets• PS2 size is 15/77 of
SPS
Layout of the new accelerators SPS
PS2
(LP)SPL
Linac4
PS
CERN Council Strategy Group(Lisbon July 2006)
The ILC Plan and Schedule
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Global Design Effort Project
Baseline configuration
Reference Design
ILC R&D Program
Technical Design
Expression of Interest to Host
International Mgmt
LHCPhysics
CLIC(B.Barish/CERN/SPC 050913)
* India participating through a special agreement with CERN for the development of novel accelerator technologies
19 members represent. 24 institutes involving 16 funding agencies from 13 countries
Collab. Board: Chairperson: M.Calvetti/INFN; Spokesperson: G.Geschonke/CERNMoU with addenda describing specific contribution (& resources)
CLIC/CTF3 Multi-Lateral Collaboration of Volunteer Institutes
Organized as a Physics Detector Collaboration
CLIC/CTF3 collaboration observers
Present collaboration with RAL on Laser development for PHIN in EU FP6 CARE
Discussion with possible future collaboration partners:
Finnish Industry (Finland)Gazi Universities (Turkey)Helsinki Institute of Physics (Finland) IAP (Russia)Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (Spain) INFN / LNF (Italy)J. Addams Institute (UK)
NCP (Pakistan)PSI (Switzerland)North-West. Univ. Illinois (USA)Polytech. University of Catalonia (Spain)RAL (UK) SLAC (USA)Svedberg Laboratory (Sweden) Uppsala University (Sweden)
Ankara University (Turkey)Berlin Tech. Univ. (Germany) BINP (Russia)CERNCIEMAT (Spain)DAPNIA/Saclay (France)RRCAT-Indore (India)
JASRI (Japan) Jefferson Lab (USA)JINR (Russia) KEK (Japan) LAL/Orsay (France) LAPP/ESIA (France)LLBL/LBL (USA)
World-wide CLIC&CTF3 Collaboration
Asian collaborations
• Observer states: – Japan: contributed 136MCHF to CERN
accelerator program and R&D– India: contributed 30 MCHF to CERN accelerators
program and 3 MCHF on CLIC and LINAC4/SPl R&D
– Both India and Japan have strong collaborations with CERN experiments
– India and Japan have strong involvement in the LHC computing grid
Asian collaboration agreements• China: 1991 CAS 1997 NSFC
2004 Government of PRC. Participate in LHC experimental program, some contribution to SPL/Linac4, joining CLIC R&D, LHC grid computing
• Iran 2001 Ministry of science, participates in LHC experimental program and CLIC R&D
• Korea 2006 M.O.S.T, 2007 Protocol. Participates in LHC experimental program• Pakistan 2004 Government of IRP
– 2003 protocol pledged 5 M$ – 2007 protocol addendum additional 5 MCHFInvolved in LHC experimental program, CLIC, SPL. Candidate to become observer state
• Saudi Arabia 2006 Government of Kingdom: students involved in CERN programs and CLIC
• U.A.E. 2006 Government UAE : mainly students involved in CERN experimental program
• Vietnam: 2007 CA signed by CERN and waiting signature Acad. Of Science
Contacts
• Mongolia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore,Sri-Lanka have established contacts through visits at CERN of government officials, but have not yet come to any formal collaboration agreement
CERN as an Educator
Successful Educational programs
Summer Summer student program: program for undergraduate students (strong selection:1/10 of applicants are selected ) to spend 8-12 weeks of formation at CERN during summer time
High School teacher program: CERN hosts every summer a program of formation for High school teachers
'We expect that students/teachers from developed countries will be able to secure travel and local expenses from their own national sources. We may have some very limited funds available to pay the local expenses for students/teachers from other countries.
Fellow and associate program: some countries provide support for having PHDs spend between 1 and two years working on the CERN accelerator or Experimental program
Bringing Nations Together
“…the promotion of contacts between, and
the interchange of, scientists…”
CERN…
• Seeking answers to questions about the Universe• Advancing the frontiers of technology• Training the scientists of tomorrow• Bringing nations together through science: mutual
interests in technology development and research being the fundamental ingredient of collaboration