Censorship and Ernst Barlach: the loss of free expression during and after the Nazi Regime

Thesis

Thesis and Areas of Focus • Thesis: that censorship of

art led to the censoring of expression in the Nazi Regime and into modern times

• Using Ernst Barlach’s Story

• Nazi Germany 1927-1938

Why it matters • Censorship of expression is

censoring free though and the liberties that most symbolize American Ideals

• Art like music is reflexive and a society and its most enduring symbolizes in its observational Nature

• Free Expression in thought intellect and art is essential quality man should always strive to obtain and keep

Main Points and Issues

Expression• Is a basic right Barlach and

other “Degenerate Artist’s” were denied

• Art was based on Nazi Idealism that was at the core of Hitler's own values

• Degenerate Art was used as a catalyst for

Composers • http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcz8MUUuXak

• Music Like all other forms of expression was subject to the approval of the Party

Continued

• Censorship Has a broad impact not just in the ability to express but also in the way artists made a living

• Censorship while always being a problem for artists rose to new levels under the Nazi Regime

Pictures

Biography

Basic Facts • Born January 2 1890• Died 24 October 1938• Born in Wedel Holstein • Johanna Luise Barlach and

Dr Georg Barlach-Parents• Oldest of four other brothers

Career and Life• Student Gewerbeschule –

Hamburg• Worked as a sculptor in the

art nouvea style most popular from 1890-1910

• Took a trip to Russia with Nickolas –brother

• 1919-Joined Prussian Art Academy

• 1925-munich Art Academy

Works Banned and Confiscated

Hamburger EhrenmalMagdeburger Ehrenmal

Continued

• Banned in all public spaces churches, and museums

• vandalized almost destroyed many of the sculptures

• Most where confiscated by the party • the remaining works were considered

degenerate art • His work was displayed at the entartete Kunst

Exhibit

Censorship after Barlach

Global • Several countries around the

world have struggle and continue to struggle with freedom of expression

• United States China Cuba East Germany Austria ETC

• A few modern examples of censored art from around the world

China 2011• Shok-1 Heart Noose Mural

Other WorksPiss Christ- Serrano Andres 1987

United states Pablo Picasso Guernica• Censored Outside of United

Nations 2003

Conclusion and After Math• Modern Art did have a successful revival

• Barlach's works were restored after the war

• Classical Composers have public attention and admiration

• Censorship of Expression remains world wide

Continued

• Barlach died of a heart attack in 1938

• His surviving works are still on display

• Degenerate art now has an ever more curious audience

• the museum of censored art in Washington D.C

Sources • Scrutinized Art: The Many Faces of Visual Art Censorship• Erin Tapley Vol. 55, No. 6 (Nov., 2002), pp. 48-52 Published by: National Art Education Association• Art and censorship• Richard Serra Vol. 17, No. 3 (Spring, 1991), pp. 574-581 Published by: The University of Chicago

Press• http://www.urbanartcore.eu/art-censorship-china-censors-heart-noose/• Relating Controversial Contemporary art and School Art: A problem position • Carol S. Jeffers, Pat Parth Vol. 38, No. 1 (Autumn, 1996), pp. 21-33 Published by: National Art

Education Association• An Artist against the Third Reich: Ernst Barlach 1933-1938 • Peter Paret New York: Cambridge University Press pages 1-165• Ernst Barlach• Carl Dietrich Carl’s New York: Frederick A. Praeger pages 1-208• Ernst Barlach • Alfred Werner New York 1966 pages 1-176 • “Decent” vs “Degenerate” Art: The Nation al Socialist Case • Mary-Margaret Goggin Art Journal Vol. 50, No. 4, Censorship II (Winter, 1991), pp. 84-92 Published

by: College Art Association