cellular energy february 15, 2011. homework read pages 111-113, 116- 118 in your textbook quiz on...
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Cellular Energy
February 15, 2011
Homework
• Read pages 111-113, 116-118 in your textbook
• Quiz on this material tomorrow (2/16/11)
• KNOW ALL BOLD TERMS
http://www.dezinerfolio.com/taxonomy/term/29
How do critters get their energy?
• Plants– Photosynthesis
• Animals– Glycolysis– Citric Acid/Krebs cycle (oxygen) OR
fermentation (no oxygen)
• Energy molecule = ________
• What happens when a chemical bond is broken?– Think ATP and our favorite membrane proteins
• So what do you think needs to happen in order to make a chemical bond?
ENERGY IS RELEASED!
NEED TO ADD ENERGY
How animals get their energy
• Basic idea: break down sugars (glucose) and use the energy in their bonds to make ATP
• Remember: what happens when you break chemical bonds?
Steps to making ATP
Step 1: Glycolysis– Several steps that break down glucose
Step 2a. Fermentation Step 2b. Krebs Cycle/Electron Transport Chain
OR
No oxygen around Oxygen around
Photosynthesis
• What’s the point? Why do plants use it?
• MAKE MOLECULES THAT THE PLANTS CAN USE FOR ENERGY!!!!!– Sugar and starch– ATP
Photosynthesis: Two parts
• Part 1: Light reactions• Part 2: The Calvin Cycle (also
called the Dark Reactions)
Overall reaction:6H20 + 6CO2 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2
Part 1. Light reactions
What goes in
What comes out
Sunlight Oxygen gas
Water ATP
Other energy molecules
H20
ATP
O2
**Energy fixing: captureand make energy
Part 2. The Calvin Cycle
What goes in
What comes out
ATP (from part 1)
Glucose (sugar)
Carbon dioxide
ATP
CO2
Glucose**Carbon fixing: captureand fix carbon in glucose
ATP
CO2
Glucose
H20
O2
Pigments
• What capture the light energy• Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b– Why do leaves look green to us? (what light is
being reflected/what light is being absorbed by the chlorophylls)
– Magnesium, nitrogen
• Other pigments: carotenoids
http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/botf99/photo/l4ightrx.html
Key things to know• Purpose of photosynthesis• Light Reaction and Calvin Cycle– What is the end product(s) in each?– What is the purpose of each step?
• Structure of the chloroplast– Thylakoid– Where are pigments found?
• Pigments used in photosynthesis– How pigments use light