cellular based vehicle

8/3/2019 cellular based vehicle

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PROJECT REPORT ON

SUBMITTED BY:Abhishek Jain

Hardik Batra

Preyanka Shukla


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INTRODUCTION

Radio control (often abbreviated to R/C or simplyRC) is the use of radio signals to remotely control adevice.

The term is used frequently to refer to the control ofmodel vehicles from a hand-held radio transmitter.Industrial, military, and scientific researchorganizations make [traffic] use of radio-controlledvehicles as well.

A remote control vehicle is defined as any mobiledevice that is controlled by a means that does notrestrict its motion with an origin external to thedevice.


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TECHNOLOGY USED

Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF)

Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling is used fortelecommunication signaling over analog telephone linesin the voice-frequency band between telephonehandsets and other communications devices and theswitching center.

The version of DTMF used for telephone tone dialing isknown by the trademarked term Touch-Tone (canceled

March 13, 1984), and is standardized by ITU-TRecommendation Q.23. It is also known in the UK asMF4. Other multi-frequency systems are used forsignaling internal to the telephone network.


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BLOCK DAIGRAM


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ABOUT THE COMPONENETS

ICS USED:1. CM8870

It is a DTMF decoder IC. All types of CM8870 seriesuse digital counting techniques to detect and decodethe 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code output.

2. MICROCONTROLLER AT89c51

It is a 40 pin microcontroller having flash memory,whichis unavalable in 8051

3. L298,MOTOR DRIVER IC

It is basically a 15 pin IC motor driver IC having heat

sink.


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SCHEMATIC FOR MOTOR DRIVER

MODULE


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ABOUT THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

In the circuit diagram, cell phone is attached to DTMF

decoderthrough a audio jack.

DTMF decoder IC generates binary outputs Q1, Q2,

Q3, and Q4 at respective pins 11, 12, 13 and 14.

Inputs are given to the pins 1, 3, 5 and 13 while;

corresponding outputs are taken from the pins 2, 4, 6

and 12. Pin 7 is a ground


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ABOUT THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

This inverted input is given to port 1 of

microcontroller at pins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 which are

P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, P1.3 and P1.4 respectively.

Microcontroller is programmed to give outputs atport pins P3.3 to P3.7 from pins 13 to 17 which are

fed to the DC motor driver L298D. The driver output

is fed to the DC motors, responsible for driving the

robot. Crystal frequency used in the circuit is 11.0592

MHz .These codes to drive DC motors are written on

80C51


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PCB LAYOUTS


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SOFTWARES USED:

1. Eagle

ROLE IN THE DESIGN:Eagle proved to be a very handy & easy-to-use tool forthe PCB layout process. Many of its features were

utilized leading to an accurate & efficient design. It hasDesign Error Check & Electrical Rule Check tools whichproved to be helpful in the design. It is loaded with ahuge component list that is categorized in variouslibraries for giving simplicity. Placement of components isalso very easy & they can be rotated in 360 to

customize the design.


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SOFTWARE USED

2. Vision Keil

ROLE IN THE DESIGN:

Vision Keil provides IDE for 8051 programming & is

very easy to use. When starting a new project, simplyselect the microcontroller you use from the DeviceDatabase and the Vision IDE sets all Compiler,Assembler, Linker, and Memory options. Its devicedatabase is large which supports many ICs of the 8051

family. A HEX file can be created with the help of Keilwhich is required for burning onto chip. It has a powerfuldebugging tool which detects most of the errors in theprogram.


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SOFTWARE USED

3. FlashMagic

ROLE IN THE DESIGN:

Flash Magic is a PC tool for programming flash

based microcontrollers from NXP using a serialor Ethernet protocol while in the targethardware. It has some excellent features likechangeable baud rate, erase all flash before

programming, setting security bits etc. The HEXfile created with the help of keil was selectedthrough it for programming the microcontroller.


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APLLICATIONS

1) Scientific

Remote control vehicles have various scientific uses including

hazardous environments, working in the deep ocean , and space

exploration. The majority of the probes to the other planets in

our solar system have been remote control vehicles, althoughsome of the more recent ones were partially autonomous. The

sophistication of these devices has fueled greater debate on the

need for manned spaceflight and exploration.

2)Military and Law Enforcement

Military usage of remotely controlled military vehicles dates back

to the first half of 20th century. Soviet Red Army used remotely

controlled Teletanks during 1930s in the Winter War and early

stage of World War II.


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3) Search and Rescue

UAVs will likely play an increased role in search and rescue inthe United States. This was demonstrated by the successful use

of UAVs during the 2008 hurricanes that struck Louisiana and

Texas.

4)Recreation and Hobby

See Radio-controlled model. Small scale remote control vehicles

have long been popular among hobbyists. These remote

controlled vehicles span a wide range in terms of price and

sophistication. There are many types of radio controlledvehicles. These include on-road cars, off-road trucks, boats,

airplanes, and even helicopters. The "robots" now popular in

television shows such as Robot Wars, are a recent extension of

this hobby (these vehicles do not meet the classical definition of

a robot; they are remotely controlled by a human).


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FURTHER IMROVEMENTS &

FUTURE SCOPE

1. IR Sensors:

IR sensors can be used to automatically detect & avoidobstacles if the robot goes beyond line of sight. This avoidsdamage to the vehicle if we are maneuvering it from adistant place.

2. Password Protection:

Project can be modified in order to password protect therobot so that it can be operated only if correct password isentered. Either cell phone should be password protected ornecessary modification should be made in the assemblylanguage code. This introduces conditioned access &

increases security to a great extent.


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3. Alarm Phone Dialer:

By replacing DTMF Decoder IC CM8870 by a 'DTMF

Transceiver IC CM8880, DTMF tones can be generated from

the robot. So, a project called 'Alarm Phone Dialer' can be built

which will generate necessary alarms for something that is

desired to be monitored (usually by triggering a relay). For

example, a high water alarm, low temperature alarm, opening

of back window, garage door, etc.

When the system is activated it will call a number ofprogrammed numbers to let the user know the alarm has been

activated. This would be great to get alerts of alarm conditions

from home when user is at work.

4. Adding a Camera:

If the current project is interfaced with a camera (e.g. a

Webcam) robot can be driven beyond line-of-sight & range

becomes practically unlimited as GSM networks have a very

large range.


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MERITS

The main application of this Robot is that we

can use it in place where the presence of men

is difficult.

It works on 3G technology which is freely

available for any user.

We can use it for military search operations

and for surveillance purpose.

It is compact in size hence handy to use.

It is cost efficient.


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DEMERITS

It works in limited range as the range of RF

Module is limited to 80 mts.

Unpredictable to natural calamities.

Reception by the camera can variable.

We requires an extra circuit for the interfacing

of Computer and HT 12E encoder .


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REFERENCES1. Wikipedia - The free encyclopedia

2. http://www.8051projects.info/

3. http://www.instructables.com/

4. Schenker, L (1960), "Pushbutton Calling with a Two-Group Voice-Frequency

Code", The Bell system technical journal 39 (1): 235255, ISSN 0005-8580

5. DTMF Tester , Electronics For You Magazine , Edition (June 2003)

6. http://www.alldatasheet.com/

7. http://www.datasheet4u.com/

8. http://www.datasheetcatalog.com/

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