cell theory all organisms are made of cells. all existing cells are produced by other living cells...
TRANSCRIPT
Cell Theory All organisms are made of cells. All existing cells are produced by other
living cells The cell is the most basic unit of life.
All Cells share characteristics.
All cells are… Enclosed by a membrane. Filled with cytoplasm. Microscopic
Bacterium(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)
Prokaryotic Cell simple organism without a defined
nucleus or internal membranes Ex: bacteria “Pro” before “karyon” nut or kernel (nucleus)
Plasmid External, single DNA molecules Often contain genes that can
adapt, offer selective advantages
Eukaryotic Cells
Eu-True complex cells with a nucleus MUCH larger than prokaryotic cells Cells that contain membrane
bound organelles
Eukarotic Cell Types
Animal Cells-heterotrophic (consumers, rely on outside source for
food) Plant Cells-autotrophic (producers, rely on energy from sun)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Nucleus Nickname: “Control Center” or “Brain” Function: holds DNA, controls all cell
activity (eating, movement, reproduction)
Nucleolus: - Found inside nucleus- makes ribosomes
Ribosomes
Ribosomes Function: make proteins Found in all cells, prokaryotic and
eukaryotic “Body Builders”
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types:
1. Rough ER: Rough appearance because it has
ribosomes Function: helps make proteins, gives
proteins shape
2. Smooth ER: NO ribosomes Function: makes fats or lipids, transports
proteins
Golgi Complex Nickname: The shippers Function: packages, modifies, &
transports materials inside/outside of cell
Appearance: stack of pancakes
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Complex
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes
Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” Function: break down food into usable
particles, destroy old cells (enzymes)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal CellsAnimal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
6. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy formation
Breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell
activities that require energy
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Vacuole: stores water“Water bubble” This is what makes lettuce crisp
When there is less water, plant wilts
Vacuole
Chloroplasts Function: traps energy from sun &
converts it to food for plant cell “Green goblins” chlorophyll is green
Cell Wall Function: cellulose structure that
provides support & protection to cell membrane
“Peanut shell” Found outside cell membrane in plant
cells
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm