Cell Structure & FunctionROBERT PERRY - MALIBU HIGH SCHOOL

title

CELL

Nuclear envelopeNuclear poreChromatinNucleolus

Rough ER

Ribosomes

Plasma membrane

Smooth ERCilia

Golgi

Cytoplasm

Mitochondrion

Microtubules

Microfilaments

CentriolesExosome

Exocytosis

Peroxisome

Polyribosomes

EndocytosisEndosome

Cristae

FlagellumKinetosome

Vesicle

Nucleoplasm

NUCLEUS

CYTO-SKELETON

theNUCLEUS

Nuclear envelope

Chromatin

Nucleolus

Mitochondria !! Rough ER

www.denniskunkel.com

CENTRIOLES

nucleus

Like Cilia and Flagella, Centrioles are also made of microtubules. The difference is that they contain 9 sets of triplets and no

doublet in the center. How the triplets in the basal body turn into the cilium doublet remains a mystery. Centrioles come in pairs, each organized at right angles to the other. Centrioles organize the spindle apparatus on which the chromosomes move during

mitosis. source: http://cellbio.utmb.edu/CELLBIO/cilia.htm

Image: http://www.edu.ipa.go.jp/chiyo/HuBEd/HTML1/en/3D/cell.html

KINETOSOME

c = cilia

Kinetosomes, also known as basal bodies, are specialized centrioles found at the base of both

cilia and flagella. They help with themovement and growth of cilia and flagella.

bb = kinetosomes

cilia

cilia

Ciliated epitheliumin human trachea

Ciliated marineprotist

Cilia are used to move fluids.Protists use them to swim orto create feeding currents.

Multicelled animals use themto move the mucous out of

the nasal passages.

FLAGELLUM

kinetosome

What is a flagellum?Many single-celled organisms use so called flagella (also named undulipodia) for swimming. These are whip-like structures that act like a propeller.Some groups have one, others have two. Shown here is a photosynthetic flagellate protozoan: Euglena, and a common marine dinoflagellate, Noctiluca.

Illustration © Lizzie Harper

FLAGELLA

Euglena

Noctiluca

Zoospores of the fungus

Blastocladiella emersonii viewed by phase-contrast

microscopy.

Human sperm cellshowing flagella,enlarged to show

longitudinal section with rowsof mitochondria.

CYTOSKELETON

micro-filaments

micro-tubules

C Y T O S K E L E T O N

(nucleus)microtubules

microfilaments

intermediatefilaments

micro-filaments

micro-tubules

3 Components of the Cytoskeleton

G

ER

L

ER

theG E R L

N

ERG

L

Exosome

two ribosomal subunits:large subunitsmall subunit

PROTEINS ARESYNTHESIZED

BY THERIBOSOMES

The subject of aseparate lesson

N

ER

SER

G

RER

G

L

such as ENZYMES

flo

wGolgiapparatus

TheG E R L

N

ERG

L

MITOCHONDRION

The MIGHTYMITOCHONDRION

The subject of aseparate lesson

INNERMEMBRANE

MEMBRANEPROTEINS(ENZYMES)

INNERMATRIX

OUTERMEMBRANE

ATP

CRISTAE

Mitochondrion !

mitoribosomes

…reminds us of anotherprocess we studied this year:

BACTERIALFISSION

CHLOROPLAST

The MIGHTYCHLOROPLAST

The subject of aseparate lesson

(in)

(out)

transportvesicle

cytoplasm

Endo-

Exdo-

Kinetosome

Vacuole

T H E E N DT H E E N D