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Vision

“Becoming a center for trade, industry and services achieved through excellence in governance, entrepreneurship,

management and labor which afford a full and decent life and a livable environment for all.”

Mission

“Achieving a higher level of economic growth and development that is equitable and sustainable, protect the environment and

achieve the best and highest use of its land.”

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Goal and Objectives The Goal: “Achieving a higher standard of living for its people comparable to

world standard.” Specific Objectives:

• To achieve higher level of economic growth and development equitably and sustainably.

• To protect its environment. • To achieve the highest and best use of its resources.

Objectives are based on the following basic principles:

1) High level of economic growth and development is essential for the fulfillment of the aspirations of people to live a better life with dignity and security.

2) Growth and development should be meaningful to people so the

benefits should be equally shared to the different sectors of society.

3) Growth and development should be sustained for the longest

time through judicious use of scarce resources and responsible exploitation of the environment.

4) Use of land, the most critical resource of the city, is directed to

the most socially productive use, more efficient functioning of the city system, and for the people to be assured of a decent place for their homes and daily activities.

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A Glimpse of Its Past

The name Cebu came from the word “SEBU” meaning animal fat. Long before the coming of the Spaniards, it was a fishing village ruled by Rajah Humabon.

Cebu metamorphosed in more ways than one, but

always for the better. From a sleepy fishing village to a fledging trading port in 1521, from the first Spanish settlement named Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus in 1575 to a municipality in 1901, Cebu finally became a chartered city on February 24, 1937. Being the first and oldest city in the country, antedating Manila by 7 years, having the oldest school and oldest street and being the cradle of Christianity in the Far

East (i.e. Magellan's cross planted in Cebu as a symbol of natives embracing the Christian faith), Cebu is replete with historical firsts.

The streets of Tres de Abril and V. Rama were the sites of a fierce battle on April 3, 1898 when General Leon Kilat of Bacong, Negros Oriental

spearheaded the revolution against Spanish colonialism. The Spaniards sought refuge at the Fort San Pedro and three days of relentless attacks would have spelled victory for the rebels were it not for the propitious arrival of the Spanish armada.

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi then urged his men to construct the oldest and smallest fort in the country: Fort San Pedro. As Spain intensified its colonization efforts, indignant islanders showed opposition by way of intermittent attacks against the colonizers. Thus the rebellion paved the way to the construction of Fort San Pedro, a Spanish military stronghold.

However, the fort fell to the hands of the native Cebuanos when Americans commanded

by Commodore George Dewey vanquished the Spanish fleet in December 1898 in the battle of Manila Bay. With the American reign in full force in 1901, then Senate Pro Tempore and late President Sergio Osmeña, Sr. and then Congressman and majority floor leader in the House of Representatives, the late Senator Manuel Briones vigorously lobbied for Philippine Independence.

February 24, 1937 was a milestone in Cebuano history as Cebu City was granted its charter by virtue of Commonwealth Act No. 58 enacted by Congress on October 20, 1936. The late Senator Vicente Rama, formerly representative of Cebu's 3rd district was

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instrumental as author and sponsor of the bill. It was at that time that Secretary of Interior and Local Government Elpidio Quirino appointed the mayor and board members of Cebu City in his capacity as representative of Manuel Quezon.

Shortly after the landing of the Japanese Army in Cebu City on April 10, 1942, the entire province became the principal Japanese base due to its strategic location and substantial population. Cebu finally saw the light of freedom in March 1945 when American liberation forces landed in Talisay town. Liberation came in full circle in March 1946 and to restore law and order, a civil government dubbed as Philippine Civil Affairs Unit (PCAU) was established in the city.

In April 1965, the entire Christian world focused its attention on Cebu City, considered as the cradle of Christianity in the Far East as it played host to the 40th Anniversary of Christianity in the Philippines. The celebration highlighted the contributions of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and Fray Andres de Urdaneta in proselytizing Christianity by way of establishing a Spanish settlement in the province. In a country where Catholics predominate, the conferment of the San Agustin Church to the title Basilica Minore del Santo Niño proved to be a momentous occasion as Rome sent its representative Papal Legate, His Eminence Ildefonso Cardinal Antonuitte.

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Physical Uniqueness

Geographical Location

Cebu City is located on the central eastern part of Cebu Province, an island at the center of the Visayas in Southern Philippines. As defined by the Bureau of Land Location Monument (BLLM) No. 1, Cebu Cadastral Survey, it is 10 degrees 17 minutes North Latitude and 123 degrees 54 minutes East Longitude. It is bounded by Mandaue City in the North and the City of Talisay in the South. On the East is Mactan Channel and on its West are the Municipality of Balamban and the City of Toledo.

Topography and Slope

The topography of Cebu City is rugged and mountainous with elevation reaching up to 900 meters above mean sea level. Flat lands are found only along the shorelines that extend a few kilometers inland. Cebu City’s flat land occupies about 23 square kilometers, representing eight (8%) percent of its total land area but it contains over 40 barangays and about two thirds of its population. (see Topographic Map)

Any land surface with steeply inclined slopes under climatic condition where rainfall exceeds the water absorption capacity of the soil would suffer from soil erosion. This applies to Cebu City, a larger part of which is subjected to severe erosion. This includes the critical watershed areas that are mostly above 50 percent in slope. (see Slope Map)

Land Cover

The increasing urbanization of the city now leads to the increasing use of its land for housing, commercial, industrial, institutional and other related activities. Farmlands remained only in the upland or hilly land areas of Cebu City. Presently the city’s upland areas and watersheds are mostly covered with grass and shrubs with patches of corn, coconuts, bananas, cassava and vegetables. Fruit trees are also planted, notably the exotic mango, which is an export product of Cebu. Very little (9.6%) of the natural forest are left in the upland areas of the city. Even the city’s watersheds are lacking in trees that are necessary for their protection. (see Existing Land Use Map and Land Forms Map)

Geology

Cebu City is made up of structurally complex sedimentary and volcanic rocks that have undergone various degrees of metamorphism. There are seven rock formations or geological units in the city. Sedimentary rocks constitute 60 percent of the city that include the Cebu Coal Measure, Malubog Formation, Barili Limestone, Carcar Limestone and the Recent Alluvium. (see Geologic Map)

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Soil

Soil in Cebu City is generally classified into five types. The parent material of the soil primarily determines its type and its distribution. However, elevation to a certain extent is also related to soil distribution. (see Soil Map) Five (5) soil types predominate in the city and their main characteristics and distribution are summarized below.

a.) Baguio Type

Baguio soils are characteristic upland soils derived from intrusive rocks of quartz diorites and metavolcanic rocks. They are the most extensive soil mapping unit covering mainly slopes at 50% and above with a total area of 9,408 hectares (94.08 sq.km.). These series cover highly rugged and mountainous landscape consisting of dissected and steep ridges. Erosion, due to the steep slope, is severe to very severe.

This soil is well drained and with a very shallow solum depth of 20 to 50

centimeters. The soil reaction is acidic (pH 5.7 to 6.0), the parent material being volcanic rock and non-calcareous. It has dark brown color and a medium coarse granular structure. Shrubs and grasses are the dominant vegetation. This soil type is found in the highland portions of the 27 barangays within the city.

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b.) Mantalongon Type

The second most predominant soil type in the city is the Mantalongon type, specifically the Mantalongon Clay Loam. It is formed from the sedimentary materials of shale and sandstone. The soil is observed covering an area of 7,246 ha. (72.46 sq.km.) and found particularly in seventeen (17) hilly land barangays. Mantalongon soils cover the whole slope range over 8% and can be found in any elevation over 100 meters. Erosion is moderate to severe, worsening as the slope increases.

Mantalongon soils are well drained with solum depth ranging from 20-60 cm.

getting shallower as the elevation increases. These light-to-dark brown soils are fairly friable and can be easily worked on. However, since most patches are found in higher slope range, only a smaller part can be cultivated. Areas of this soil type are extensively grasslands and brushes. Agricultural crops grown include corn, vegetables, root crops, banana, coconut and mango trees.

c.) Faraon Type

Faraon soils are developed from limestone. They cover the entire elevation ranges, but are generally found in the slope range of 30 to 50%.

These soils cover 6,830 ha. (68.30 sq.km.), that are found generally, in areas of undulating to rolling and hilly to mountainous relief. These soils have higher organic matter contents (2.0 to 2.2 %), as compared to other soil types.

The Faraon soils are typified by exposed limestone rock outcrops and denuded hilly and mountainous landscape. Soil color is dark gray to dark grayish-brown. The vegetative covers are mostly grasses, shrubs, coconut, corn and sporadic patches of fruit trees, as well as, second growth forest species.

d.) Mandaue Type

Mandaue soils are geologically recent depositions of alluvial materials or

sediments, which have been eroded and transported downhill and downstream. They can be generally found in areas below 100- meter elevation and within a slope range of 0 to 5.0%. The soil type, Mandaue silt loam, covers 1,166 ha. (11.66 sq.km.).

The Mandaue soils, clay loam or silt loam, are moderately to poorly drained type. The soils are deep (around 100 cm.) and free from boulders and larger stones, thus, can allow deep plowing. The soils are also rich in organic matter (2.0-2.9%) and fertile. Erosion is only slight. Talahib, cogon and bamboo groove make-up the main vegetation of areas with this type of soil.

e.) Lugo Type

Lugo soils are residual soils derived from sedimentary materials of shale and

sandstone. The Lugo Clay covers only 273 ha. (2.73 sq.km.)

These types of soils have a deep solum (100 cm.) are well drained and contain only 1.5 to 1.6 % organic matter. It has black color with a granular structure and moderately eroded. Although silty to clayey, the surface soil seldom hardens up

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when dried and is very friable. It is sticky and strongly plastic when wet and the sub-soil is as thin as the surface soil and has the same structure and consistency.

Elevation

The lowlands are generally located within elevations below 100 meters while upland areas are in elevation between 100 and 900 meters above sea level. (see Elevation Map)

Land Classification and Protected Areas

In the Philippines only lands with 18 % slope or less are generally declared as alienable and disposable, where human settlements and cultivation of land are allowed. Higher sloping lands are to remain as forest or other special uses. But while only 28 % of Cebu City is within the 18 % slope or less range, about 64 % of the city’s lands are classified by the national government as alienable and disposable (see Land Classification Map). The rest are classified as forest or timberland. Lands classified as timberland include areas that are within the critical watersheds and other protected areas of the city.

Cebu City has 76.3 % of its land covered under the NIPAS or Nationally Integrated

Protected Areas System. These include the Mananga, Kotkot and Lusaran watersheds, the Central Cebu National Park, Sudlon National Park and Cebu Watershed Reservation (Buhisan). The four watersheds are considered important source of water for Cebu City and the rest of Metro Cebu. Twenty-three of the city’s 80 barangays are totally or partially located in the four watershed areas, now declared as Central Cebu Protected Landscape (CCPL). (see Protected Area Management Zone Map)

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Land Area (refer to Table 1)

Cebu City Area : 29,124.78 hectares Urban Area : 5,598.53 hectares Rural Area : 23,526.25 hectares

North District Area : 12,341.15 hectares Urban Area : 2,965.45 hectares Rural Area : 9,375.70 hectares

South District Area : 16,783.63 hectares Urban Area : 2,633.08 hectares Rural Area : 14,150.55 hectares

Number of City Barangay : 80 North District : 46 South District : 34 Classified Urban Barangay : 50 Classified Rural Barangay : 30

Table 1

Land Area per Barangay of Cebu City: North & South District, Urban & Rural Barangays

URBAN BARANGAYS

North District South District Name of Barangay Land Area (ha) Name of Barangay Land Area (ha.)

1) Apas 203.97 1) Basak Pardo 74.53 2) Banilad 257.60 2) Basak San Nicolas 119.59 3) Busay 509.11 3) Bulacao 246.60 4) Capitol Site 53.75 4) Calamba 43.30 5) Carreta 16.90 5) Cogon Pardo 51.02 6) Cogon Ramos 26.20 6) Duljo Fatima 41.60 7) Day-as 13.42 7) Guadalupe 739.82 8) Ermita 20.42 8) Inayawan 253.65 9) Hipodromo 74.31 9) Kinasang-an 127.76 10) Kalubihan 15.03 10) Labangon 118.23 11) Kamagayan 11.81 11) Mambaling 61.76 12) Kamputhaw 135.63 12) Pahina San Nicolas 7.44 13) Kasambagan 189.43 13) Pasil 9.22 14) Lahug 555.87 14) Poblacion Pardo 168.44 15) Lorega San Miguel 20.45 15) Punta Princesa 203.94 16) Luz 31.14 16) Quiot 101.46 17) Mabolo 153.18 17) San Nicolas Proper 28.15 18) Pahina Central 26.26 18) Sawang Calero 22.32 19) Pari-an 9.84 19) Suba 8.10 20) Sambag I 51.29 20) Tisa 206.15 21) Sambag II 45.15 22) San Antonio 12.78 23) San Roque 46.89 24) Santa Cruz 26.07 25) Santo Niño 29.70 26) Talamban 333.03 27) Tejero 26.81 28) Tinago 24.40 29) T. Padilla 15.48

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URBAN BARANGAYS 30) Zapatera 29.53

Total 2,965.45 Total 2,633.08

RURAL BARANGAYS

North District South District Name of Barangay Land Area (ha) Name of Barangay Land Area (ha.)

1) Adlawon 1,206.08 1) Babag 310.99 2) Agsungot 521.77 2) Bonbon 1,183.46 3) Bacayan 75.84 3) Buhisan 702.03 4) Binaliw 565.20 4) Buot Taup 582.43 5) Budlaan 682.30 5) Kalunasan 531.63 6) Cambinocot 697.06 6) Pamutan 777.04 7) Guba 828.27 7) Pung-ol Sibugay 765.82 8) Lusaran 618.06 8) Sapangdaku 1,079.31 9) Mabini 470.61 9) Sinsin 822.68 10) Malubog 550.62 10) Sudlon I 1,347.21 11) Paril 434.59 11) Sudlon II 2,613.20 12) Pit-os 158.55 12) Tabunan 1,506.08 13) Pulangbato 638.33 13) Tag-bao 914.93 14) San Jose 286.84 14) Toong 1,013.74 15) Sirao 1,209.95 16) Taptap 431.63

Total 9,375.70 Total 14,150.55 TOTAL LAND AREA OF CEBU CITY 29,124.78

Source: NSO, 2000

Weather and Climate

Weather and climate are determined by temperature, moisture and movement of air. The principal climate zones are defined in terms of temperature averages, which occur in the broad areas of the earth. These are tropical, polar, and temperature climate zones. The Philippines is within the tropical climate zones.

Temperature

Mean annual temperature - 26.5 degree centigrade Mean highest monthly temperature - 34.8 degree centigrade Mean lowest monthly temperature - 20.6 degree centigrade

Coldest Month - January Warmest Month - May

Relative Humidity The city has an average relative humidity of 75 %. Relative humidity refers to the

amount of water vapor in the air, expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount that the air could hold at a given temperature. The moisture or water vapor content of the air is referred to as humidity. The weight of water vapor in a given volume of air is absolute humidity. The air is said to be saturated when it contains the maximum amount of water vapor possible at a given temperature. The dew point is the temperature of the air when it is saturated. When the temperature of the air falls below the dew point, some of the water

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vapor contained in the air condenses, clouds form, and precipitation can result in the form of rain. Rainfall (Source: PAG-ASA)

Average annual rainfall : 1,636.70 mm. in the old Lahug Airport, and 1,609.70 at the Cebu Custom House Rainfall decreases : from February to April Rainfall gradually increases : from May to July

Wind Velocity and Direction Average Wind Velocity : 10 km./hr. varying direction Northeast Wind (Amihan) : November to May Southeast Wind (Habagat) : June to September Typhoons usually come on : October to December Strongest typhoon occurred : 1989 (typhoon Ruping)

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The Constituents

Historical Population

As of the 2000 census, the total population of Cebu City was counted at 718,821. It was equivalent to 42.4% (refer to Table 4) of the total population in Metro Cebu (Compostela in the North, to Naga in the South) and 30.2% of the entire population of the province (refer to Table 2).

Table 2

Population History

Census Year Total City Population

Percent (%) to Province’s

Total

Intercensal Population

Change

Intercensal Change

Average/Yr.

% Annual Average

Growth Rate

Population Density (Pop./

Sq. km.) 1903 45,994 7.71 141.1 1918 65,502 8.52 19,508 1,300 2.36 200.9 1939 146817 16.24 81,315 3,872. 3.84 450.2 1948 167,503 17.88 20,686 2,068 1.32 5413.7 1960 251,146 23.86 83,643 6,970 3.38 770.2 1970 347,116 28.26 95,970 9,597 3.24 1,064.4 1975 413,025 31.07 65,909 13,181 3.48 1,266.6 1980 490,281 32.88 77,256 15,451 3.43 1,503.5 1990 610,417 32.89 120,136 12,013 2.19 1,871.9 1995 662,299 32.09 51,882 10,376 1.64 2,031.0 2000 718,821 30.23 56,522 11,304 1.77 2,204.0

Source: NSO 2000 Census Report

Annual Growth Rate

The population of the city was greater by 56,522 over the census population of the city in 1995 (refer to Table 2). This represented an annual growth rate of 1.64% from 1995 to 2000 (refer to Table 3), the lowest among the cities and towns in Metro Cebu during this period.

Compared with the past, the city’s population growth rate is on declining trend. Per

record, the population growth of the city was higher at 2.19% per year from 1980 to 90. It was even much higher at 3.43% per year from 1975 to 1980 and at 3.48% from 1970 to 1975 (refer to Table 2). While Cebu City is suffering from declining growth rate in population, some parts of the city are still growing fast. In particular the city’s South District grew at a much faster rate of 2.3% from 1995 to 2000 compared to the North District that grew only by 0.71%. The other noticeable trend is the rapid population growth in the city’s rural or upland areas. It registered an annual growth of 3.97% from 1995 to 2000 (refer to Table 3).

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Table 3 Total Cebu City Population, Density and Annual Growth Rate

By District, Urban and Rural

Total Population Density Per Sq. Km Annual Growth Rate, 1995-2000

Cebu City 718,821 2,370 1.64 Urban 639,751 7,753 1.33 Rural 79,070 298 3.97

North District 332,311 1,979 0.71 Urban 294,428 5,177 0.42 Rural 37,883 359 3.32

South District 386,510 2,297 2.37 Urban 345,540 12,995 2.13 Rural 40,970 263 4.67

Source: Census, NSO

Population Density

In 2000, the population density of the city was 2,204 persons per square kilometer.

Metro Cebu only had an average density of 1,990 persons per square kilometer in the same period while the whole province only had 603 persons. Within Metro Cebu, Mandaue City had the highest density of 6,743 persons per square kilometer, followed by Cordova with 3,146 and Talisay with 3,062 (refer to Table 4). While Cebu City’s average density in 2000 was lower than the three places mentioned, the city actually had a higher average density of 7,753 persons per square kilometer in its urban area (refer to Table 3).

Table 4

Comparative Total Population and Annual Growth Rate Metro Cebu, Province, Region VII and Philippines

Total Population

Sept. 1, 2000 Population Density

per Sq. Km. Annual Growth Rate 1995-

2000 (%) Metro Cebu 1,693,881 1,990 2.26 Compostela 31,446 387 3.73 Liloan 64,970 1,130 5.33 Consolacion 62,298 1,170 5.18 Cordova 34,032 3,146 5.41 Lapulapu 217,019 2,933 4.88 Mandaue 259,728 6,743 6.36 Cebu City 718,821 2,204 1.77 Talisay 148,110 3,062 4.56 Minglanilla 77,268 1,277 4.64 Naga 80,189 702 3.27 Province 2,377,588 603 3.07 Region VII 4,726,542 322 2.79 Philippines 76,498,735 229 2.36 Source: NSO 2000

Number of Households and Household Size

The city had a total household population of 718,821 in 2000. Household population

excludes those living in institutions like convents, schools and prisons. The number of households in the city rose to 149,754 in 2000, with 4.8 as average

household size. The rural area of the city registered with a smaller number of households at

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15,814 but with a higher household size, 5.0, as compared to the urban area with 133,261 households and 4.8 as household size.

The total household population in the urban area of the city is eight times bigger

than in the rural areas. The South district had 6,597 more households than the North. It also had a bigger household size of 5.0 compared to the North with 4.7. Cebu City has an average of five (4.8 household size) persons per household (refer to Table 5).

Table 5

Household Population and Household Size, 2000

Total Population Density Per Sq. Km Annual Growth Rate, 1995-2000

Cebu City 718,821 149,754 4.8 Urban 639,751 133,281 4.8 Rural 79,070 15,814 5.0

North District 332,311 70,705 4.7 Urban 294,428 62,644 4.7 Rural 37,883 7,731 4.9

South District 386,510 77,302 5.0 Urban 345,540 70,518 4.9 Rural 40,970 8,033 5.1

Source: NSO 2000 Census

Age-Sex Composition

Cebu City had more females than males in 2000. The sex ratio or the number of males for every 100 females was 96.0. The proportion of the population aged 0 to 14 was 33.06 percent. The population aged 15 to 64 years, the work force or productive age, comprised 63.87 percent of the total population. Only 3.06 percent of the population were 65 years old and above. The median age of the population in 2000 was 22.1 years.

Table 6 Percent Distribution of Population by Age Group and Sex, 2000

Age Group Total Population Percent Total Percent Male Percent Female

All Ages 718,821 100.00 49.07 50.93 Under 1 17,14 2.58 1.34 1.24

1 - 4 61,20 9.33 4.84 4.50 5 - 9 73,59 11.08 5.70 5.38

10 - 14 66,666 10.07 5.05 5.02 15 - 19 81251 12.27 5.68 6.59 20 - 24 75,260 11.36 5.39 5.97 25- 29 63,527 9.59 4.68 4.91 30 - 34 51,011 7.70 3.77 3.94 35 - 39 43,347 6.54 3.26 3.28 40 - 44 34,943 5.28 2.62 2.66 45 - 49 26,303 3.97 1.95 2.02 50 - 54 19,889 3.00 1.47 1.54 55 - 59 15,638 2.36 1.12 1.24 60 - 64 11,947 1.80 0.86 0.95 65 - 69 8,454 1.28 0.58 0.70 70 - 74 5,527 0.83 0.37 0.46 75 - 79 3,214 0.49 0.21 0.28 80 - 84 1,956 0.30 0.12 0.17

85 - over 1,073 0.16 0.07 0.09 Source: NSO 2000 Census

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The dependency ratio or the number of persons aged 0 to 14 and 65 years and above was 56.5 percent. Specifically, for every 100 persons in the working ages (15-64 years), there were 56 dependents, consisting of 51 persons aged 0 to 14 years (young dependents) and 5 persons aged 65 years old and over (old dependents) (refer to Table 6). Population

In 2000 Census, the city’s population and number of households were 718,821 and

2,468 respectively. Cebu City has an average of 5 (4.9 household size) persons per household (refer to Table 7).

Table 7

Total Population, Population Density, Number of Households and Household Size per Barangay of Cebu City, 2000

NAME OF BARANGAY Total

Population Population Density

(per sq. m.) Number of

Households Household Size

1) Adlawon 2,847 236 598 4.8 2) Agsungot 1,746 335 352 5.0 3) Apas 15,492 7,595 3,069 5.0 4) Babag 3,526 1,134 663 5.3 5) Bacayan 8,604 11,345 1,881 4.6 6) Banilad 5,220 2,026 1,059 4.9 7) Basak, Pardo 13,925 18,684 2,765 5.0 8) Basak, San Nicolas 31,840 26,624 6,412 5.0 9) Binaliw 2,518 446 515 4.9 10) Bonbon 4,343 367 844 5.1 11) Budla-an 2,397 351 465 5.2 12) Buhisan 9,159 1,305 1,736 5.3 13) Bulacao 19,887 8,064 4,052 4.9 14) Buot-taop 1,678 288 335 5.0 15) Busay 7,244 1,423 1,448 5.0 16) Calamba 10,534 24,328 2,308 4.6 17) Cambinocot 2,271 326 483 4.7 18) Capitol Site 12,477 23,213 2,670 4.7 19) Carreta 7,106 42,047 1,526 4.7 20) Cogon Pardo 9,170 17,973 1,933 4.7 21) Cogon Ramos 3,282 12,527 689 4.8 22) Day-as 3,174 23,651 707 4.5 23) Duljo 15,223 36,594 3,221 4.7 24) Ermita 7,995 39,153 1,677 4.8 25) Guadalupe 45,012 6,084 8,947 5.0 26) Guba 4,149 501 840 4.9 27) Hipodromo 9,408 12,660 1,857 5.1 28) Inayawan 16,148 6,366 3,247 5.0 29) Kalubihan 611 4,065 171 3.6 30) Kalunasan 10,168 1,913 2,021 5.0 31) Kamagayan 1,898 16,071 413 4.6 32) Kamputhaw 17,867 13,173 3,621 4.9 33) Kasambagan 6,199 3,272 1,215 5.1 34) Kinasang-an 10,145 7,941 1,998 5.1 35) Labangon 27,266 23,062 5,498 5.0 36) Lahug 35,275 6,346 7,137 4.9 37) Lorega San Miguel 10,616 51,912 2,204 4.8 38) Lusaran 2,060 333 406 5.1 39) Luz 13,062 41,946 2,605 5.0 40) Mabini 1,435 305 301 4.8 41) Mabolo Proper 27,498 17,951 5,754 4.8 42) Malubog 1,881 342 381 4.9 43) Mambaling 26,417 42,774 5,377 4.9

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NAME OF BARANGAY Total Population

Population Density (per sq. m.)

Number of Households Household Size

44) Pahina Central 6,416 24,433 1,361 4.7 45) Pahina San Nicolas 3,482 46,801 794 4.4 46) Pamutan 1,373 177 261 5.3 47) Parian 1,727 17,551 490 3.5 48) Paril 1,148 264 229 5.0 49) Pasil 7,783 84,414 1,537 5.1 50) Pit-os 3,248 2,049 718 4.5 51) Poblacion Pardo 15,151 8,995 3,089 4.9 52) Pulang-bato 3,617 567 733 4.9 53) Pung-ol Sibugay 1,241 162 273 4.5 54) Punta Princesa 22,482 11,024 4,352 5.2 55) Quiot, Pardo 13,342 13,150 2,732 4.9 56) Sambag I 14,860 28,973 3,527 4.2 57) Sambag II 12,992 28,775 3,037 4.3 58) San Antonio 1,919 15,016 454 4.2 59) San Jose 2,782 970 493 5.6 60) San Nicolas Proper 5,296 18,813 1,319 4.0 61) San Roque 4,847 10,337 1,059 4.6 62) Sapang-daku 4,572 424 909 5.0 63) Sawang Calero 7,077 31,707 1,404 5.0 64) Sinsin 2,230 271 468 4.8 65) Sirao 3,000 248 637 4.7 66) Sta. Cruz 2,479 9,509 535 4.6 67) Sto. Niño 1,334 4,492 342 3.9 68) Suba Pasil 8,286 102,296 1,766 4.7 69) Sudlon I 1,959 145 403 4.9 70) Sudlon II 2,541 97 521 4.9 71) T. Padilla 9,988 64,522 2,090 4.8 72) Tabunan 987 66 212 4.7 72) Tagba-o 1,464 160 288 5.1 74) Talamban 17,844 5,358 3,649 4.9 75) Tap-tap 1,714 397 370 4.6 76) Tejero 16,178 60,343 3,239 5.0 77) Tinago 8,190 33,566 1,724 4.8 78) Tisa 29,549 14,334 5,846 5.1 79) To-ong 3,079 304 565 5.4 80) Zapatera 3,871 13,109 773 5.0 Source: NSO, Census 2000

Meanwhile, in 2005, the city’s population and number of households have increased

to 784,062 and 137,864 respectively. Barangay Guadalupe marked as the highest in population with 49,139 persons while Barangay Kalubihan has the lowest with 667 persons. There were more females than males in the city (refer to Table 8).

Table 8

Population (Male & Female) and Number of Households 2005

NAME OF BARANGAY Male Female Total Population Number of Households

1) Adlawon 1,545 1,563 3,108 621 2) Agsungot 947 959 1,906 381 3) Apas 8,407 8,507 16,912 3,382 4) Babag 1,913 1,936 3,849 769 5) Bacayan 4,669 4,725 9,394 1,878 6) Banilad 2,832 2,867 5,699 1,139 7) Basak, Pardo 7,555 7,647 15,202 3,040 8) Basak, San Nicolas 17,276 17,483 34,759 6,951 9) Binaliw 1,366 1,383 2,749 549 10) Bonbon 2,356 2,385 4,741 948 11) Budla-an 1,301 1,316 2,617 523 12) Buhisan 4,970 5,030 10,000 2,000

19

NAME OF BARANGAY Male Female Total Population Number of Households

13) Bulacao 10,790 10,920 21,710 4,342 14) Buot-taop 911 921 1,832 366 15) Busay 3,930 3,978 7,908 1,581 16) Calamba 5,716 5,784 11,500 2,300 17) Cambinocot 1,232 1,247 2,479 495 18) Capitol Site 6,770 6,851 13,621 2,724 19) Carreta 3,856 3,902 7,758 1,551 20) Cogon Pardo 4,975 5,036 10,011 2,002 21) Cogon Ramos 1,781 1,802 3,583 716 22) Day-as 1,722 1,743 3,465 693 23) Duljo 8,260 8,359 16,619 3,323 24) Ermita 4,338 4,390 8,728 1,745 25) Guadalupe 24,422 24,717 49,139 9,827 26) Guba 2,251 2,278 4,529 905 27) Hipodromo 5,105 5,166 10,271 2,054 28) Inayawan 8,762 8,867 17,629 3,525 29) Kalubihan 332 335 667 133 30) Kalunasan 5,517 5,583 11,100 2,220 31) Kamagayan 1,030 1,042 2,072 414 32) Kamputhaw 9,694 9,811 19,505 3,901 33) Kasambagan 3,363 3,404 6,767 1,353 34) Kinasang-an 5,504 5,571 11,075 2,215 35) Labangon 14,794 14,972 29,766 5,953 36) Lahug 19,139 19,370 38,509 7,701 37) Lorega San Miguel 5,760 5,829 11,589 2,317 38) Lusaran 1,118 1,131 2,249 449 39) Luz 7,087 7,173 14,260 2,852 40) Mabini 779 788 1,567 313 41) Mabolo Proper 14,919 15,100 30,019 6,003 42) Malubog 1,021 1,033 2,054 410 43) Mambaling 14,333 14,506 28,839 5,767 44) Pahina Central 3,481 3,523 7,004 1,400 45) Pahina San Nicolas 1,889 1,912 3,801 760 46) Pamutan 745 754 1,499 299 47) Parian 937 948 1,885 377 48) Paril 623 630 1,253 250 49) Pasil 4,223 4,274 8,497 1,699 50) Pit-os 1,762 1,784 3,546 709 51) Poblacion Pardo 8,220 8,320 16,540 3,308 52) Pulang-bato 1,963 1,986 3,949 789 53) Pung-ol Sibugay 673 682 1,355 271 54) Punta Princesa 12,198 12,345 24,543 4,908 55) Quiot, Pardo 7,239 7,326 14,565 2,913 56) Sambag I 8,062 8,160 16,222 3,244 57) Sambag II 7,049 7,134 14,183 2,836 58) San Antonio 1,041 1,054 2,095 419 59) San Jose 1,509 1,528 3,037 607 60) San Nicolas Proper 2,874 2,908 5,782 1,156 61) San Roque 2,630 2,661 5,291 1,058 62) Sapang-daku 2,481 2,510 4,991 998 63) Sawang Calero 3,840 3,886 7,726 1,545 64) Sinsin 1,210 1,225 2,435 487 65) Sirao 1,628 1,647 3,275 655 66) Sta. Cruz 1,345 1,361 2,706 541 67) Sto. Niño 724 732 1,456 291 68) Suba Pasil 4,496 4,550 9,046 1,809 69) Sudlon I 1,063 1,076 2,139 427 70) Sudlon II 1,379 1,395 2,774 554 71) T. Padilla 5,419 5,485 10,904 2,180 72) Tabunan 536 542 1,078 215 72) Tagba-o 794 804 1,598 319 74) Talamban 9,682 9,798 19,480 3,896 75) Tap-tap 930 941 1,871 374

20

NAME OF BARANGAY Male Female Total Population Number of Households

76) Tejero 8,778 8,883 17,661 3,532 77) Tinago 4,444 4,497 8,941 1,788 78) Tisa 16,032 16,226 32,258 6,451 79) To-ong 1,670 1,691 3,361 672 80) Zapatera 2,100 2,126 4,226 845

TOTAL 384,278 386,555 784,062 137,864 Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

21

Economic Attributes Economic Base

Cebu City is the second biggest growth center in the country next only to Metro Manila not only now but also in the past. Commonly, the economic base of any locality is based on its agriculture, mining or in manufacturing, neither of these contributes largely to the economy of the city. Instead the city is more dependent on its trade and service activities that now accounts for almost three fourths of its employment.

The dominance of trade and service activities in the City is made possible by its

strategic location in the central part of the Visayas and the presence of a good seaport. Surplus products from Cebu Island including those coming from the nearby provinces in Central Visayas and Mindanao are normally brought to the City for export or for processing and redistribution to other parts of the country. Many products manufactured in Manila or imported from abroad are also channeled to Cebu prior to their distribution to the different provinces in the Visayas and Mindanao.

Because of its vibrant trading activities many financial institutions and other

supporting business activities also are located in the City. Allied with the trading and financial services in the city is the growing tourism industry. The growth of tourism is made possible by the presence of many recreation, entertainment and shopping facilities in the City. The City, of course, is well known for its rich cultural heritage and history being the cradle of Christianity in Asia and the first city being built by Spaniards in the country. Besides business and tourism the city is also the center of health, educational and other important social and professional services that meet not only the needs of the people of the city but also those coming from other provinces in southern Philippines. The presence of many services and amenities makes Cebu City one of the most livable cities in Asia.

Tourism Cebu City’s tourism industry is characterized mainly as historical, cultural and religious. Being the trade and service center in the region, the city accommodated an estimated 80% of the region’s total tourist arrivals, mostly domestic and business tourists. It also indirectly accommodated about 80% of the holiday and adventure-seeker tourists, as the city is also noted as recreation and shopping destination in the region.

Table 9 Number of Hotel Establishment and Room by Type

Source: DOT VII, 2005

As of 2005, the city hosts 21 hotels with a total number of 2,488 rooms (refer to Table 9), 30 movie theaters, 26 restaurants and 14 museums (refer to Table 10).

TYPE OF HOTEL ESTABLISHMENT

NO. OF HOTEL ESTABLISHMENT NO. OF HOTEL ROOMS

First Class 1 562 Standard 11 1,295 Economy 9 631 TOTAL 21 2,488

22

Table 10 List of Existing Museums in Cebu City

Names of Museums Address/ Location of Museum Contact No. Contact Person

1) Basilica Minor del Santo Niño Museum Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Tel. Nos.: 255-6697 to 99 Fax No.: 254-0934

Fr. Ambrosio Galindez, OSA

2) Casa Gorordo Museum 35 Lopez Jaena St., Cebu City Tel. No.: 255-5630 Fax No.: 253-2380 Ferlyn Canoy

3) Cebu City Museum (Rizal Museum & Library) Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Tel. No.: 255-4997

Fax No.: 254-1109

4) Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral Convent Museum T. Burgos St., Cebu City Tel. Nos.: 232-

8650, 232-8509

5) Cebu Normal University Museum Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Tel. No.: 253-6223 Fax No.: 254-1130 Dr. Romula O. Savillion

6) Fort San Pedro National Museum Fort San Pedro, Cebu City Tel. No.; 256-2284 Ederick Miaño

7) Guadalupe Church Museum Guadalupe, Cebu City Tel. No.: 254-4593

8) Julian Jumalon Butterfly Sanctuary and Art Gallery Museum

20-D Macopa St., Basak, Cebu City Tel. No.: 261-6884 Osman Jumalon

9) Pres. Sergio Osmeña Memorabilia & CAP Art Gallery 60 Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Tel. No.: 253-6519

Fax No.: 253-8102 Mary Abad

10) South Western University Museum Urgello St., Cebu City Telefax No.: 253-6500 Dr. Lydia Alfonso

11) St. Theresa’s College Museum R. Aboitiz St., Cebu City Tel. No.: 253-6337 Fax No.: 253-4928 Sis. Delia Coronel

12) University of San Carlos Biology Museum Talamban, Cebu City Tel. No.: 346-1128 Fidel Bendanillo

13) University of San Carlos (Main) Museum P. del Rosario St., Cebu City Tel. No.: 253-1000 Malou Samson

14) University of Southern Philippines Rizaliana Museum Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City Tel. No.: 232-5932

Fax No.: 231-0178 Lucio Pulmones

Trade and Industry

Cebu City’s economic structure is more dependent on the service sector. It constitutes 73% of the economy, far greater than the industry and agriculture sectors, with 20% and 7%, respectively. Needless to say, the service sector is the prime mover of the economic growth of the City the last several years. As a result, it propelled the average income of non-agriculture dependent families to an unprecedented level compared to the province, regional and national rates. Wages and salaries derived from the non-agricultural activities comprised 59% while only 20% are derived from entrepreneurial activities. Income derived from wholesale and retail trade topped the list.

Direct foreign trade of Cebu City comprised 30% of the entire Visayas figures and is equivalent to 52% of the entire foreign trade of Mindanao. The city also controlled 70% of ship calls and 90% of the passenger traffic made in Cebu Province.

23

The city accounted an estimated 45 to 50% of Cebu’s total imports of good from other countries with 50% of which are mostly capital goods, 34% intermediate goods and 8% consumer goods as shown in Figure 1. Exports, on the other hand, comprised mainly of non-traditional goods which is about 92 to 98% of the city’s total exports. The city’s total exports are estimated at 38% of the region’s total exports. Cebu City, to note, is a net importer of foreign goods.

Figure 1

Cebu City Foreign Imports

Domestic trade covers 10% of the national average values in which the city is a net importer. Most of the products that the city imports are: agricultural products (30%), intermediate goods (17%), capital goods (12%) and consumer goods (8%). All transactions are made possible through coastwise trade.

As of 2005, Cebu City being the center of trade and industry in Central Visayas, its

region has accumulated a total of 8,935.60 millions SEC/PEZA-registered investments while 12,165 numbers of SEC-registered partnerships/corporations and business establishments. Its value of foreign trade amounting to $8,095.85 millions in which exports is higher than the imports (refer to Table 11).

Table 11

SEC & PEZA Registered Investments, Number of Partnership/Corporations/Business Establishment, & Foreign Trade of Central

Visayas, 2005

Data Value Unit SEC-registered partnership investments 57.75 In Million SEC-registered corporation investments 3,952.00 In Million PEZA-registered investments 4,983.60 In Million

TOTAL 8,935.60 In Million Number of SEC-registered partnerships 164 Number Number of SEC-registered corporations 894 Number Number of business establishments 12,165 Number

TOTAL 12,165 Number Import value of foreign trade 3,383.27 In Million US Dollar Export value of foreign trade 4,712.58 In Million US Dollar

TOTAL 8,095.85 In Million US Dollar

24

Banking

As of the third quarter of 2005, Cebu City’s bank resources 1 of its 191 banking institutions amounted to Php 111.944 billion. Employment

Structurally, most of the employed workers in Cebu City are now engaged in service activities. Census data in 2000 showed that 73.2% of the city’s employed labor force was found in trade and other related service activities such as banking, real estate, and insurance, community and personal services and others. Some 18.8 % were employed in industry while only 7.8% were engaged in agriculture and related activities (refer to Table 12).

The situation in the city was in contrast to the province, the region and the country

where more than 40% of the employed labor force were still engaged in agriculture and related activities.

Table 12

Employment Structure by Sector Cebu City, 2000 (In Percent)

Cebu City has been the center for job seekers from Visayas and Mindanao

regions. In 2005, Central Visayas has recorded a 7.8% unemployment rate or 205,000 unemployed persons and 92.2% employment rate or 2.4 million persons employed with 19.8% belong to underemployment rate (refer to Table 13).

Table 13 Employment, Unemployment, Underemployment and

Participation Rate and Numbers, 2005

1 Data is sourced from the Statement of Condition of banking units based in Cebu City. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, Supervisory

Data Center, April 21, 2006

Economic Sector / Sub-sector Unit Agriculture 7.80 Agri., Hunting, & Forestry 7.53 Fishing 0.27 Industry 18.80 Mining and Quarrying 0.15 Manufacturing 11.23 Elect., Gas and Water 1.21 Construction 6.18 Services 73.16 Trade 18.44 Services 54.72 Not Stated 0.28 All Sectors 100.00

Data Number Rate Employment 2,419,000 92.2% Unemployment 205,000 7.8% Underemployment 479,000 19.8% Labor Force Participation 2,623,000 66.5%

25

Agriculture

The dominant agricultural activity of Cebu City centers on the production of ornamental plants, vegetables and fruits, which comprises 94% of the actual total crop production. Livestock production, on the other hand, is limited only on a backyard scale as majority of the pasture areas is inaccessible to livestock.

A total of about 8,415 hectares is identified as agricultural areas but only less than

8,000 hectares are presently being utilized. About 57% of the agricultural lands are fully owned while 40% are tenanted by tenure agreement.

In 1995, 16,913 households, or 7.5 percent of the city’s total household population, are deriving their major source of income from agriculture. Seventy-one percent (71%) of these households are self-employed; sixteen percent (16%) are employers while only thirteen percent (13%) are working as tenants. About ninety two percent (92%) of these agricultural workers acquired their skills through non-formal training.

As of 2005, thirty-one (31) of the barangays in Cebu City were into backyard farms

wherein a percentage of their commodities were distributed by the market outlets (refer to Table 14).

Table 14

List of Barangays engaged in Backyard and Commercial Farms & its Flow of Commodity, 2005

Name of Barangay Backyard Farms (ha.) Commercial Farms (ha.) Annual Growth

Rate, 1995-2000 1) Adlawon 397.98 50 4 times/week - 10 tons 2) Agsungot 172.26 20 3 times/week - 5 tons 3) Babag 102.63 60 3 times/week - 5 tons 4) Bacayan 25.08 - - 5) Binaliw 186.45 - - 6) Bonbon 390.39 - - 7) Budla-an 225.06 - 3 times/week - 2 tons 8) Buhisan 231.66 - - 9) Buot-taop 192.06 - - 10) Busay 167.97 100 3 times/week - 4 tons 11) Cambinocot 230.01 70 4 times/week - 7 tons 12) Guba 273.24 50 4 times/week - 8 tons 13) Kalunasan 175.56 - - 14) Lusaran 203.94 200 4 times/week - 10 tons 15) Mabini 155.43 100 2 times/week - 2 tons 16) Malubog 181.83 30 3 times/week - 2 tons 17) Pamutan 256.41 - - 18) Pasil 143.53 20 2 times/week - 3 tons 19) Pit-os 52.47 - - 20) Pulang-bato 210.54 - - 21) Pung-ol Sibugay 252.78 60 3 times/week - 4 tons 22) San Jose 94.71 - - 23) Sapang-daku 362.01 - - 24) Sinsin 271.59 100 3 times/week - 7 tons 25) Sirao 399.30 150 2 times/week - 6 tons 26) Sudlon I 444.51 300 4 times/week - 30 tons 27) Sudlon II 862.29 250 28) Tabunan 496.98 100 2 times/week - 12 tons 29) Tagba-o 301.95 10 30) Tap-tap 142.56 - 3 times/week - 5 tons 31) To-ong 334.62 - -

TOTAL 7,937.80 1,670

26

Social Aspects Education

Cebu City has 68 public elementary schools and 44 public high schools accessible to

its constituents for free (refer to Table 15).

Table 15 Master List of Government Elementary and Secondary Schools

School Year 2005-2006 Name of Barangay Public Elementary School Public Secondary School

ADLAON 1) Adlaon Elementary School 1) Adlaon National High School AGSUNGOT 2) Agsungot Elementary School 2) Agsungot National High School APAS 3) Camp Lapulapu Elementary School 3) Camp Lapulapu Nat'l. High School (Day & Night) BABAG 4) Babag Elementary School 4) Babag National High School BACAYAN 5) Bacayan Elementary School - BANILAD 6) Banilad Elementary School 5) Banilad Night High School BASAK, PARDO 7) Don Vicente Rama Mem. Elementary School 6) Basak National High School (Day & Night) - 7) First High School for the Hearing Impaired BASAK, SAN NICOLAS 8) Basak Community Elementary School - BINALIW 9) Binaliw Elementary School 8) Binaliw National High School BONBON 10) Bonbon Elementary School 9) Bonbon National High School BUDLA-AN 11) Budlaan Elementary School - BUHISAN 12) Buhisan Elementary School - BULACAO 13) Bulacao Community Elementary School 10) Bulacao National High School BUOT-TAUP 14) Dr. Emilio Osmeña Elementary School 11) Dr. Emilio National High School BUSAY 15) Busay Elementary School 12) Busay National High School CAMBINOCOT 16) Cambinocot Elementary School 13) Vicente Cosido Memorial National High School CARRETA 17) Bagong Buhay Elementary School - DULJO 18) San Nicolas Elementary School - GUADALUPE 19) Banawa Elementary School 14) Ramon Duterte memorial National High School 20) Guadalupe Elementary School GUBA 21) Guba Elementary School 15) Guba National High School HIPODROMO 22) Hipodromo Elementary School - INAYAWAN 23) Inayawan Elementary School 16) Inayawan National High School KALUNASAN 24) Kang-atis Elementary School 17) Oprra Night High School 25) Oprra Elementary School 26) Kalunasan Elementary School KAMPUTHAW 27) Kamputhaw Elementary School - LABANGON 28) Labangon Bliss Elementary School 18) Cebu City National Science High School 29) Labangon Elementary School 19) Don Sergio Osmeña Sr. Mem. Nat'l. High School LAHUG 30) Lahug Elementary School 20) Lahug Night High School LUSARAN 31) Lusaran Elementary School 21) Lusaran National High School LUZ 32) Barrio Luz Elementary School 22) Barrio Luz Night High School MABINI 33) Mabini Elementary School 23) Mabini Integrated School MABOLO PROPER 34) Bagong Lipunan Elementary School 24) Florencio Urot Memorial National High School 35) Mabolo Elementary School MALUBOG 36) Malubog Elementary School - MAMBALING 37) Alaska Elementary School 25) Mambaling Night High School

27

Name of Barangay Public Elementary School Public Secondary School 38) Mambaling Elementary School PAHINA CENTRAL 39) Regino Mercado Elementary School 26) Regino Mercado Night High School PAMUTAN 40) Pamutan Elementary School - PARIL 41) Paril Elementary School 27) Paril National High School PASIL 42) Pasil Elementary School 28) Pasil National High School PIT-OS - 29) Pit-os National High School

Source: DepEd VII, Cebu City

The city also has 105 private schools catering the pre-school, elementary and secondary education (refer to Table 16).

Table 16

List of Private Schools (Pre-school, Elementary and Secondary/High School Education)

COURSE SCHOOLS

Pre-School Elementary Secondary 1) Academia De Santa Monica \ \ \ 2) B.R.I.G.H.T. Academy \ \ 3) Bethany Christian School \ \ \ 4) Bethel Preschool, Inc. \ 5) Bob Hughes Christian Academy \ \ \ 6) Cambridge Child Development Center \ 7) Capitol Center SDA Elementary School \ \ 8) CBD College \ \ \ 9) CCCC Child Center, Inc. \ \ 10) Cebu Bradford School \ \ \ 11) Cebu CFI Coop Learning Center, Inc. \ \ 12) Cebu Cherish School, Inc. \ \ \ 13) Cebu Children of Hope School \ \ 14) Cebu City Achievers Learning Center, Inc. \ \ 15) Cebu City SDA Elementary School \ \ 16) Cebu City YLAC Free School, Inc. \ 17) Cebu Distance Learning Center, Inc. \ 18) Cebu Eastern College, Inc. \ \ \ 19) Cebu International School, Inc. \ \ \ 20) Cebu Learning Center Mainstream, Inc. \ \

21) CEBU MARY IMMACULATE COLLEGE (Mary Immaculate Learning Center, Inc.) \ \ \

22) Cebu Trinity Christian School, Inc. \ \ 23) Center for International Education, Inc. (Global) \ \ \ 24) Child Development Center-Cebu Campus \ \ 25) Child Learning Foundation, Inc. \ \ 26) Childlink Learning Center, Inc. (ES Grade IV only) \ \ 27) Children's Learning Center Inc. \ \ 28) CIT (Cebu Institute of Technology) \ \ 29) Colegio del Sto. Niño \ \ 30) Colegio dela Immaculada Concepcion \ \ \ 31) Concord High School \ 32) Don Bosco Technology Ctr. \ \ \ 33) Evangelical Theological of the Phils. Laboratory School \ \ 34) FBC Christian School Inc. \ \ \

28

COURSE SCHOOLS Pre-School Elementary Secondary

35) Formation School & Kiddies Learning Center, Inc. \ \ \ 36) Gloria Maris School \ 37) Gopher Wood Learning Center, Inc. \ 38) Gualandi Effata Catholic School for the Hearing Impaired \ \ 39) Harvest Christian School International of Cebu, Inc. \ \ \ 40) Holy Rosary School of Pardo \ \ \ 41) Knowledge Garden Learning Center \ 1 42) Lahug Christian School \ \ 43) Little Angels Montessori School of Cebu \ \ \ 44) Living World Christian Learning Center of Cebu, Inc. \ \ 45) Lourdes Kinder School, Inc. \ 46) Mabolo Christian Academy \ \ \ 47) Maria Montessori Children's House \ \ \ 48) Marianne Childhood Education Center \ \ \ 49) Marie Ernestine School, Inc. \ \ \ 50) Matilda L. Bradford Christian School \ \ \ 51) Mount Sinai Learning Center, Inc. \ \ 52) M-ZED Christian School \ \ \ 53) Nazarene Christian School, Inc. \ \ 54) Oneworld Montessori House \ 55) Our Lady of Good Success Early Child Development (Extension) \ \ 56) Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish Preschool Dev't. Ctr. \ 57) Our Lady of Sacred Heart Parish Children's Training Center, Inc. \ 58) Pardo Christian School \ 59) Paref-Southcrest, Inc. \ \ 60) Paref-Springdale, Inc. \ 61) Phil. Christian Gospel School \ \ \ 62) Play House Children's Center (Preschool) \ 63) Pope John XXIII Seminary \ 64) Precious Jewels Child Dev. Center \ 65) Rainbow Connection Child Learning Center, Inc. \ 66) Risen Lord Christian School, Inc. \ \ \ 67) Royal Oaks International School \ \ \ 68) S.O.S. Nursery & Kinder School \ \

69) Sacred Heart School - Hijas De Jesus (Sacred Heart School for Girls) \ \ \

70) Sacred Heart School-Jesuit (Sacred Heart School for Boys) \ \ \

71) Sae Young Christian School \ \ 72) Saint Anthony's Montessori Learning Cntr. \ \ 73) Saint Mary's Academy \ \ \

74) Saint Paul College Foundation, Inc. (Cebu Saint Paul College) \ \ \

75) Salazar Institute of Technology \ \ \ 76) Samantabhadra Educational Institute \ \ \ 77) San Isidro Parish, Inc. \ \ \ 78) Santa Isabel Child. Dev. Center, Inc. \ \ 79) Saved by Grace Learning Center \ \ 80) Southwestern University - Main \ \ \ 81) St. Anthony's Learning Center-Guadalupe \ 82) St. Arnold Janssen Learning Cntr.

29

COURSE SCHOOLS Pre-School Elementary Secondary

83) St. Augustine Int'l. School (AMA Computer College Learning Center, Inc.) \ \ \

84) St. Benedict Childhood Education Center, Inc. (St. Benedict Learning Center, Inc.) \ \

85) St. Francis of Assisi School \ \ \ 86) St. Martin de Porres Special School \ \ 87) St. Paul Learning Center, Inc. \ \ 88) St. Theresa's College \ \ \ 89) Stages Center, Inc. \ \ 90) STI Prep School-Cebu City \ 91) Sunshine Center (School for Special Children) \ \ 92) Talamban Christian School, Inc. \ \ 93) The Triune of God Dev. & Leaning Center Inc. \ \ 94) Tutor Time Cebu Child Care, Inc. \ 95) University of Cebu \ \ 96) University of San Carlos Boys School \ \ \ 97) University of San Carlos-Girls High School \ 98) University of San Jose Recoletos \ \ \ 99) University of Southern Philippines \ \ \ 100) University of the Visayas - Pardo \ \ \ 101) Villamor Learning Center \ 102) Visayan Nazarene Bible College \ \ 103) Woodridge School Cebu \ \ 104) Word of Life Christian Academy \ 105) YLAC San Nicolas Cebu City Foundation, Inc. \

Source: DepEd VII, Cebu City, 2005

A drastic decrease on achievement rate both in elementary and secondary level was

observed in school year 2003-2004 (refer to Table 17). Plans and programs have been formulated by the local authorities to address the problem. However, in general, the educational performance of the city has increased considering that it has been able to maximize the resources by offering night high school in order accommodate such huge number of enrolling students and increase the teacher-student ratio.

Table 17

Performance Indicator based on Basic Education Integrated System (BEIS)

Gross Enrol. Net Enrol. Reconstructed School Leavers Completion

Ratio (GER) Ratio (NER) Cohort Survival Rate

Promotion Rate

Rate Transition Rate

Rate School

Year

Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. 2000-2001 108.97 94.25 73.87 87.66 75.69 77.39 87.76 64.52 8.51 12.19 104.7 133.43 75.25 72.41 2001-2002 105.41 119.2 105.18 84.85 77.9 75.91 90.31 79.15 6.21 12.13 130.96 160.71 66.2 43.25 2002-2003 100.15 76.4 83.04 48.77 81.24 58.89 91.91 72.08 5.98 14.65 98.89 109.93 58.61 30.79 2003-2004 98.52 76.33 79.62 50.34 79.33 56.23 91.79 76.4 6.67 20.65 98.13 106.54 69.28 42.28 2004-2005 92.83 70.28 77.17 45.01 72.97 71.53 88.66 82.49 8.1 11.62 96.46 72.27 61.67 62.09

30

Simple Dropout Achievement Failure Rate Retention Rate

Rate

Repetition Rate

Graduation Rate

Rate STR School

Year Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec. Elem. Sec.

2000-2001 3.84 6.66 93.56 91.76 0.54 5.5 2.99 5.1 94.41 95.18 49.4 44.32 - - 2001-2002 4.54 10.90 95.93 90.46 1.43 3.43 2.7 6.23 76.72 55.88 54.43 41.11 - - 2002-2003 6.19 18.56 96.35 87.03 1.9 9.36 3.74 6.57 93.89 87.18 74.19 50.56 37.99 46.22 2003-2004 5.96 15.2 94.93 82.38 2.25 8.4 3.74 5.42 95.34 83.23 41.68 41.58 37.19 45.55 2004-2005 7.96 8.08 93.83 91.65 3.38 9.44 4.72 3.93 91.5 88.04 51.29 47.89 36.86 44.32

Source: DepEd VII, Cebu City, 2005

Health and Nutrition

The city maintains 32 rural health centers and 50 urban health centers, a total of 82 health stations. As of 2005, the city employs 872 government health personnel including 49 doctors, 66 nurses and 98 midwives assigned in the different barangays of the city (refer to Table 18). This excludes the health personnel that run the Cebu City Medical Center (CCMC).

Table 18

Cebu City Health Personnel 2005

Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

For provision of the public health services, the City of Cebu has a total of sixteen

(16) existing hospitals with a total number of about 3,363 beds, the biggest of which is Chong Hua Hospital, a private hospital with 1,073 bed capacity and the smallest is the Guba Emergency Hospital which has only 20 bed capacity (refer to Table 19).

Table 19 Existing Government and Private Hospital in Cebu City

Name of Hospital Bed Capacity Class Service

GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS Cebu City Medical Center 200 Tertiary General Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center 450 Tertiary General Guba Emergency Hospital 20 Primary OPD Visayas Command Hospital 100 Secondary General St. Anthony Maternal & Child Hospital 25 Secondary OB-Gyne

Health Personnel Number of Personnel Doctors 49 Nurses 66 Midwives 98 Nurse Aides 21 Dentists 28 Dental Aides 2 Medical Technician 13 Medical Laboratory Technician 1 Sanitation Inspectors 46 Pharmacist 1 Barangay Health Aide 1 Fumigator 2 Barangay Health Workers 374 Traditional Birth Attendant 170

TOTAL 872

31

PRIVATE HOSPITALS Cebu Doctor's Hospital 300 Tertiary General Chong Hua Hospital 1,073 Tertiary General Visayas Community Medical Center 200 Tertiary General Cebu Velez General Hospital 200 Tertiary General St. Vincent General Hospital 50 Tertiary General Sacred Heart Hospital 150 Tertiary General Miller Sanitarium Hospital 60 Tertiary General North General Hospital 150 Tertiary General Vicente Gullas Memorial Hospital 70 Tertiary General Perpetual Succour Hospital 240 Tertiary General Cebu Puericulture Center & Maternity Hospital 75 Secondary OB-Gyne

TOTAL 3,363 Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

In 2005, birth rate and death rate in the city were, 24.18 and 5.37, respectively

(refer to Table 20). In the same year, infant death rate was recorded at 6.95.

Table 20 Health Statistics

2001-2005

YEAR 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 731,546 744,493 757,629 771,076 784,729 Measures Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate

Birth 19,036 26.02 18,073 24.27 19,117 25.23 19,253 24.97 18,977 24.18 DEATHS

Total 4,760 6.50 4,995 6.71 4,982 6.580 4,985 6.460 4,219 5.37 Infant 334 17.55 307 16.98 294 15.380 330 17.140 132 6.95 Neonatal 185 9.72 146 8.00 164 8.580 182 9.450 164 8.64 Foetal 198 10.40 174 9.63 186 9.730 194 10.08 146 7.69 Child 96 1.172 182 1.73 120 1.420 116 1.350 111 1.26 Maternal 25 1.31 29 1.59 24 1.25 27 1.40 22 1.15 Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

As of 2005, the ten leading causes of infant mortality are pneumonia, diarrhea,

sepsis, congenital anomaly, measles, sudden infant death syndrome, pre-maturity, malnutrition, dengue and renal disease (refer to Table 21).

Table 21

Causes of Infant, Neonatal and Foetal Mortality

Infant Mortality Causes Rate (per 1,000 live births)

Pneumonia 2.47 Diarrhea 2.26 Sepsis 0.57 Congenital Anomaly 0.47 Measles 0.21 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 0.21 Prematurity 0.21 Malnutrition 0.15 Dengue 0.1 Renal Disease 0.05

Neonatal Mortality Causes Rate (per 1,000 live births)

Prematurity 2.48 Sepsis Neonatorum 2.11 Congenital Anomaly 1.21 Perinatal Asphyxia 1.16 Pneumonia 0.58

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Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

Among mothers, the leading causes of deaths are eclampsia, pneumonia, PTB, post

partum hemorrhage, uterine atony, rheumatic heart disease and myocardial infection (refer to Table 22).

Table 22 Causes of Maternal Mortality

Causes Maternal Deaths (per 1,000 live births)

Eclampsia 0.32 Pneumonia 0.21 PTB 0.11 Post Partum Hemorrhage 0.11 Uterine Atony 0.05 Abortion 0.05 Rheumatic Heart Disease 0.05 Myocardial Infraction 0.05

Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

In 2005, it has been noted that pneumonia and diarrhea being the causes both in

mortality and morbidity cases based on the record of Cebu City Health Department (refer to Table 23).

Table 23

Ten Leading Causes of Mortality and Morbidity

Morbidity Mortality

Causes Proportionate Morbidity Rate Causes Mortality Rate

(per 1,000 pop.) URTI 44.68 CVD 14.33 Bronchitis 5.71 Pneumonia 9.27 Wound 5.34 Neoplasms 5.87 Pneumonia 4.97 Sepsis 3.54 Intestinal Parasitism 4.77 Tuberculosis Pulmonary 3.36 Animal Bite 3.31 Medico Legal Cases 2.37 Diarrhea 3.18 End Stage Renal Disease 1.68

Causes Rate (per 1,000 live births) Meconium Aspiration 0.32 RDS 0.21 SIDS 0.16 Cord Complication 0.11 Diarrhea 0.11 Hemorrhagic Dse Newborn 0.05 HIE III 0.05 Perinatal Hypoxia 0.05 Tetanus Neonatorum 0.05

Foetal Mortality Causes Rate (per 1,000 child pop.)

IUFD 5.32 Cord Complication 0.95 Prematurity 0.74 Congenital Anomaly 0.37 Meconium Aspiration 0.16 Asphyxia Neonatorum 0.11 Sepsis 0.05

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Morbidity Mortality

Causes Proportionate Morbidity Rate Causes Mortality Rate

(per 1,000 pop.) Hypertension 2.78 Diarrhea 1.46 Anemia 1.57 Diabetes Mellitus 1.35 Dermatologic 1.27 IUFD 1.27

Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

Housing The local government unit (LGU) is the principal implementing body with regards to land use, housing and infrastructure development in their respective localities with the implementation of RA 7279 otherwise known as the Urban Development and Housing Act and RA 7160 or the Local Government Code. Cebu City being a highly urbanized city is facing an enormous problem of informal settlers. To be able to response and challenge to provide shelter to its homeless and underprivileged constituents and to effectively and efficiently implement its new mandates, a local shelter plan is necessary. A Local Shelter Plan is a document which provides information on the analysis of the present housing situation, i.e., the identification of housing problems, upgrading and future housing needs, household’s affordability and local resources such as land, provision of basic services and finance. It also contains the main shelter strategies and a corresponding implementation plan, which provides the details of actions needed to realize the housing objectives. The Local Government Unit is mandated to address the issue on housing for both the formal and informal settlers. The housing development for the informal settlers (squatters) is the one, which Government have to be more concerned of because those that can afford descent housing with their incomes are always adequately served by the private sector with minimal assistance from Government. The Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP) classifies the informal settlers basically in terms of tenure status: Permanent (Owned, Being Amortized) Permanent tenure are those that owned the land they are occupying and currently paying through the different schemes of Government-aided amortization programs.

a.) Temporary (Being Occupied with Consent) Those occupying lands with consent from the landowners who are either Government (National and Provincial) and/or private owners who have agreed to sell the lots to the bonafide occupants. These are those with temporary tenure and needs assistance in acquiring the land they have occupied or award of the land in case of Government land. They will also need the provision of the basic services and support facilities as with those with permanent tenures. b.) Informal Settlers (Being Occupied without Consent and DDUT)

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Informal settlers are those settlers in lots without the consent of the owner whether Government or Private and those termed as Displaced Dwelling Units in Time (DDUT). The latter groups are those settling in un-inhabitable areas like creek/river easements, sidewalks and those affected by roads, bridges and other infrastructure improvements and/or evicted by the courts. These are those that need greater intervention from Government in terms of financial resources for the purchase and acquisition of new housing sites plus the provision of the basic services and support facilities like the first two groups of informal settlers.

Article V, Section 17 in Urban Development and Housing Act states that “The Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council, in coordination with the local government units, shall design a system for the registration of qualified Program beneficiaries in accordance with the Framework.” In response, Cebu City together with DWUP created the City Registration Committee (CRC) in 1993, which was primarily tasked to register socialized housing beneficiaries of the city, accounting a total of 58,712 families (refer to Table 24).

Table 24 Number of Registered Urban Poor as of March 2006

AREA 1993 1996 2000 2001 2002 2003 2006 TOTAL North 19,066 1,913 14,278 959 182 135 837 37,370 South 10,766 1,863 7,443 374 598 86 212 21,342 TOTAL 29,832 3,776 21,721 1,333 780 221 1,049 58,712

Source: Cebu City, Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP), 2006

As for the status of the city’s socialized housing beneficiaries, out of the total registered beneficiaries about 38,702 beneficiaries need to be served (refer to Table 25).

Table 25

Status of Cebu City’s Socialized Housing Beneficiaries

No. of Beneficiaries Served per Program No. of Registered

Beneficiaries CHAPEL CORE CMP Resettlement Special Project (PPs)

No. of Beneficiaries Yet

to be Served 58,712 1,596 1,920 2,997 4,574 8,923 38,702

Source: Cebu City, Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP), 2006

City Ordinance 1656 was approved in 1992 declaring Batch 1 and 2 socialized housing sites. It was further amended by City Ordinance 1772 in 1996 incorporating another district of identified socialized housing sites (refer to Table 26). City Ordinance 1866 was enacted in November 2000 and incorporated another district identified as socialized housing sites comprising about 282 private lots.

Table 26 Sites Identified for Socialized Housing

Area

(All in Cebu City) No. of Lots

Total Land Area (in sq.m.)

No. of Beneficiaries

National Gov't. Owned Lands covered by Zoning Ordinance 1656 31 306,667 2,893

Local Government Lands 143 1,756,499 12,935 Source: Cebu City, Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP), 2006

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As of December 2005, the exposure of city to land acquisition totaled to P418.3 million for the different projects (refer to Table 27).

Table 27 Land Acquisition

Classification of Projects No. of Beneficiaries

Total Area (in sq.m.)

Exposure (in pesos - Php)

City Housing Acquired Privately-owned lots (CHAPEL) 1,596 155,736

Resettlement/ Relocation Sites 4,574 331,895 341,288,977.27

Rehabilitation of Estate (CORE) 1,920 120,822 60,150,264.69

CMP (Buffer Fund) 909 40,051 16,889,920.45

Total 8,999 648,504 418,329,162.41 Source: Cebu City, Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP), 2006

Cebu City has created the Local Housing Board and other committees mandated to assist and monitor the delivery of housing services (refer to Table 28).

Table 28 Local Housing Board and Other Mechanism

Composition Date Formed Scope of Involvement/Function Mechanism/Policies

LHB (19 members) May 19, 1999

Formulate Cebu City’s Shelter Plan

Set a policy direction Develop and implement the

housing plan

Weekly Meetings Shelter Planning Annual Assessment

Beneficiary Selection Committee (LHB sub-committee) with 5 members

2003 Screens and approved qualified socialized housing beneficiaries

Bi-monthly screening

BSC resolution approval by LHB

Endorsement of qualified beneficiaries to SP

Cebu City Land Valuation for Socialized Housing Committee (11 members)

September 1, 1999

Formulate criteria on valuation of lands

Evaluate/rationalize/recommend valuation for government or private lands for SH purposes

Monthly Meetings

Creation of Balanced Housing Monitoring Team (C.O. 1770) – 7 members

June 16, 1999 Scrutinize, examine and study applications for Subdivision/building permits

Source: Cebu City, Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP), 2006

Social Welfare Cebu City’s social welfare is a composite of programs and services provided to a segment of the population (individuals, families and communities) who are disadvantaged or

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marginalized in terms of physical, mental and social well-being. The programs and projects are provided to the disadvantaged sector to meet their minimum basic needs, cultivate their self-reliance, and empower them so that they will become active members of the community. These programs and services include community-based services for children and youth; family and community welfare services; women’s welfare; welfare of the elderly and persons with disabilities; community-based rehabilitation programs for vagrants, beggars, street children, scavengers, juvenile delinquents and victims of drug abuse; and emergency assistance. Cebu City faces a gigantic task of providing basic social welfare services to large segment of population belonging to the marginalized sector. Its biggest challenge is poverty alleviation and the provision of adequate social welfare services to the socially disadvantaged groups. The sector is also faced with the challenge of maintaining a database of age/sex groups needing specific social welfare interventions (i.e., victims of domestic violence, prostitution and drugs abuse). According to Census 2000, it has been recorded that 10,778 of the Cebu City’s population has disability condition wherein female has a higher number than the males (refer to Table 29).

Table 29 Disabled Persons by Type of Disability: 2000

Type of Disability Male Female Total

Total Blindness 227 195 422 Partial Blindness 233 250 483 Low Vision 2,782 3,424 6,206 Total Deafness 152 136 288 Partial Deafness 227 271 498 Hard of Hearing 119 129 248 Oral Defect 129 113 242 Loss of one or both arms/hands 134 115 249 Loss of one or both legs/feet 291 199 490 Quadriplegic 261 157 418 Mentally Retarded 320 265 585 Mentally Ill 185 198 383 Multiple Impairment 146 120 266

Total 5,206 5,572 10,778 Source: NSO Census, 2000

In 2005, Cebu City has a total of 173 day care centers established both in North and South districts, 26 of which are located in the rural areas catering to the basic social and educational needs and services among the children.

Protective Services This sub-sector generally includes the provision of services that will redound to the order and security not only of the residents in the locality concerned but its visitors and guests as well. Specifically, it shows the number and types of crimes committed and their solution efficiency. It also indicates the readiness of the locality to contain incidents of fire.

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In 2005, the crime volume in Cebu City was 5,435 or equivalent to 57.78% average monthly crime rate. Of the total number of crimes committed, 70.45% were crimes against persons and properties (index crimes) while 29.55% were crimes other than those committed against persons and properties (non-index crimes). However, the city’s crime solution efficiency rate was 63.74% with a ratio of one (1) policeman for every 915 persons. Thirty-four (34) suicide cases and one hundred ninety-eight (198) violent crimes were reported.

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Infrastructure & Utilities Transportation Cebu City is a component city of Metro Cebu. The transportation system of Cebu City forms part of the system of transportation of Metro Cebu as a whole. Hence, being an integral part, not only Cebu City’s transport system is considered but also it is inter-relatedness to Metro Cebu in general. Metro Cebu has a well-integrated transport system, consisting of roads, ports and airports. Intra-provincial movements are catered for mainly by land transport and to a lesser extent by water transport. The Mactan International Airport and Port of Cebu, which are part of the national truck line system, provide for inter-provincial and even international movements. The airport and port has been greatly improved to an international standard while the port has an on-going rehabilitation. The Cebu International Port (CIP) Complex has a total area of 14 hectares with 10 hectares as back-up area, 690 meters as berthing space and 8.5 meters as MLLW controlling draft. It has the following features: 2,015 TEU ground slots; 27 reefer container slots; 1,250KVA standby generator and a newly constructed one-stop shop. Meanwhile, the Cebu Base Port (domestic zone) has 21 an area of 21 hectares with 3,838.47 meters berthing space and 6.5 meters as MLLW controlling draft. It featured a 5 passenger terminals and six (6) active cargo handling service providers (refer to Table 30).

Table 30

Inventory of Active Cargo Handling Service Providers Cebu Base Port

(as of January 2006)

Cargo Handling Service Providers Base Port 1) CASSCOR (Cebu Arrastre and Stevedoring Services Corp.) Domestic Zone 2) CIA (Cebu Integrated Arrastre) Domestic Zone 3) MCASSI (Metro Cebu Arrastre and Stevedoring Services) Domestic Zone 4) OPASCOR (Oriental Port and Allied Services Corp.) Cebu International Port 5) Puerto Servicio de Cebu, Inc. Domestic Zone 6) USDI (United South Dockhandlers, Inc.) Domestic Zone Source: Cebu Port Authority

In 2005, traffic statistics in Cebu Port has shown an increased number due to the

advancement and improvement in terms of its present facilities and equipment (refer to Table 31).

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Table 31 Port Traffic Statistics

Cebu City Ports 2004-2005

Base Port Particulars

2004 2005 A) Shipcalls 47,459 44,868 Foreign 423 428 Government Ports 422 418 Private Ports 1 10 Domestic 47,036 44,440 Government Ports 46,947 44,329 Private Ports 89 111 B) GRT 33,426,764 33,474,112 Foreign 3,398,812 3,033,972 Government Ports 3,392,022 3,017,048 Private Ports 6,790 16,924 Domestic 30,027,952 30,440,140 Government Ports 29,959,390 30,357,073 Private Ports 68,562 83,066 C) Cargo Throughput (in Metric Tons) 10,133,722 10,952,670 Foreign 1,910,781 2,584,565 Government Ports 1,909,282 2,567,666 Import 1,213,639 1,557,391 Bulk 60,931 58,601 Breakbulk 192,140 346,654 Containerized 960,569 1,152,136 Export 695,643 1,010,275 Bulk 6,000 - Breakbulk 31,735 21,254 Containerized 657,908 989,021 Private Ports 1,499 16,899 Import 1,499 16,899 Bulk 1,499 16,899 Breakbulk - - Containerized - - Export - - Bulk - - Breakbulk - - Containerized - - Domestic 8,222,941 8,368,105 Government Ports 8,117,704 8,245,323 Inbound 4,090,353 4,175,302 Bulk 78,396 70,573 Breakbulk 1,852,455 1,740,712 Containerized 2,159,502 2,364,017 Outbound 4,027,351 4,070,021 Bulk 99,700 37,200 Breakbulk 2,255,197 2,332,549 Containerized 1,672,455 1,700,272 Private Ports 105,237 122,782

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Base Port Particulars 2004 2005

Inbound 105,237 111,190 Bulk 105,237 109,232 Breakbulk - 1,957 Containerized - - Outbound - 11,592 Bulk - 11,592 Breakbulk - - Containerized - - Transshipment - - D) Container Traffic (in TEUs) 471,511 473,546 Government Port 431,563 446,127 Foreign 120,282 128,808 Fulls 99,957 105,623 Import 56,899 57,227 Export 43,058 48,396 Empties 20,325 23,185 Import 7,856 6,636 Export 12,468 16,549 Domestic 311,282 317,319 Fulls 236,603 232,599 Inbound 135,129 135,631 Outbound 101,474 96,968 Empties 74,679 84,720 Inbound 20,699 26,054 Outbound 53,980 58,667 Transshipment 39,948 27,420 Foreign 19,861 22,417 Imports - Fulls 17,329 18,860 Export - Fulls 2,533 3,558 Domestic 20,087 5,003 Inbound - Fulls 14,042 3,498 Outbound - Fulls 6,045 1,505 E) Passenger Traffic 11,785,915 11,944,740 Government Port 11,785,915 11,944,740 Disembarking 5,961,572 6,184,201 Embarking 5,824,343 5,760,539 Private Port - - Disembarking - - Embarking - -

Source: Cebu Port Authority, 2005

Cebu City has a complex mode of intra-city transportation system. It consist of public utility jeepneys (includes mini buses), taxi, vehicles for hire (SUVs) and motorized tricycles. These modes of transportation are essentially the basic system in transporting residents, employees and students of Cebu City to their destination within and outside the city. Buses are the primary mode of public transportation in going to other cities/municipalities in the province of Cebu.

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Roads and Bridges Cebu City has twenty-eight (28) national bridges and an annual average daily traffic of 40,210 (refer to Table 32). Generally, the condition of roads and bridges in the city has satisfactorily served the fundamental function to the public commuters and drivers.

Table 32 Cebu City List of National Bridges

Name of Bridge Name of Road Section

1) Bulacao Bridge I & II N. Bacalso Ave. 2) Kinalumsan Bridge I N. Bacalso Ave. 3) Guadalupe Bridge N. Bacalso Ave. 4) Kinalumsan Bridge II C. Padilla St. 5) Colon Bridge Colon St. 6) Forbes St. Magallanes – Tupas St. 7) B. Rodriguez Bridge B. Rodriguez St. 8) M. Velez Bridge M. Velez St. 9) Sanciangko Bridge Sanciangko St. 10) Gen. Maxilom Bridge Cebu North Road (Mango Ave.) 11) Subangdaku Bridge Cebu North Road (Subangdaku) 12) F. Sotto Bridge F. Sotto Drive 13) San Jose dela Montaña Bridge J. Luna Ave. 14) F. Cabahug Bridge F. Cabahug Extension 15) CIP Bridge I & II Second Ave. 16) Mahiga Bridge Gov. Cuenco Ave. 17) Talamban Bridge I & II Gov. Cuenco Ave. 18) Canduman Bridge Gov. Cuenco Ave. 19) Imus Bridge I & II Imus New Road 20) Tabacalera Bridge M.J. Cuenco Ave. 21) Tejero Bridge M.J. Cuenco Ave. 22) Arellano – Tejero Bridge Arellano Blvd. 23) Arellano – Palma Bridge Arellano Blvd. 24) Mc Arthur – Palma Bridge S. Osmeña Blvd. 25) Mc Arthur – Tejero Bridge S. Osmeña Blvd. 26) Mc Arthur – T. Padilla Bridge S. Osmeña Blvd. 27) Camputhaw Bridge N.G. Escario 28) Tiguib Bridge Transcentral Highway Source: Cebu City District Engineering Office, 2005

Power

Electric power industry in the region includes the generation of electricity and bulk transmission by the National Power Corporation (NPC) from different energy sources, and distribution to areas with minor or no power generation by the National Electrification Administration (NEA) cooperatives and other utilities. Power utilities are generally dependent on four traditional energy sources, which are classified as geothermal, diesel, coal thermal and hydro.

Power supply in Cebu, including the City of Cebu and the four other component cities

is being generated by National Power Corporation, CEBECO (12MW for Toledo), VECO (75 MW) CPPC-EAUC. These are being distributed through various power distribution utilities. Metro Cebu’s power supply is being distributed by two private utilities, the Visayan Electric

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Company (VECO) for Cebu City and nearby municipalities and the Mactan Electric Company (MECO) for the island of Mactan.

As of February 2006, Cebu City’s power consumption2 was 144,763.214-mega watt

per hour serving the 141,242 customers of different classification; residential, commercial, industrial and street lights (refer to Table 36). However, there were 121,152 dwellings in the area with electricity.

Table 36

Power Consumption of Cebu City As of February 2006

Customer Classification Power Consumption (MWH) Number of Customers

Residential 48,086.857 121,152 Commercial 32,236.564 19,576 Industrial 62,165.895 488 Street Lights 2,273.898 26

Total 144,763.214 141,242 Source: Visayan Electric Company (VECO), 2006

Water

Metro Cebu’s water supply covers the water produced by water systems, their treatment, transmission and distribution to the different consumers namely: domestic, commercial, industrial and institutional. Classification of water supply systems generally follows the HLURB planning standard:

Level I - point source, Level II - communal faucet, and Level III - individual connection The institutional bodies mandated to oversee water supply, management and

development, include the following: a.) National Water Resources Board (NWRB), attached to DPWH; b.) Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA), for Level II and III; c.) Presidential Task Force on Water Resources Management (PTFWRM), for long

term sustainable management of scarce water resources; and d.) Metro Cebu Water District (MCWD). For Cebu City, water supply is the responsibility of the Metro Cebu Water District.

MCWD was organized under PD 198 with a mandate to develop both water supply and sewerage systems within the boundaries of Metro Cebu. The coverage of the water district includes the four cities of Cebu, Talisay, Mandaue and Lapu-lapu and the four municipalities of Consolacion, Liloan, Compostela and Cordova.

In 2005, Cebu City has a total of 157,383 households with water sources by type, in which L III or individual connection has the highest number with 74,099 households and non-potable water source as the lowest with 1,616 numbers of households (refer to Table 37). 2 Three (3) barangays of Cebu City namely: Sinsin, Sudlon I and Sudlon II were partially served by CEBECO, but CEBECO has no

available data for the three barangays. VECO 2005

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Table 37 Households with Water Sources by Type, 2005

Name of Barangay L I L II L III Non Potable Total

1) Adlawon 251 310 - 60 621 2) Agsungot 77 293 - 11 381 3) Apas 166 1,126 2,090 - 3,382 4) Babag 738 31 - - 769 5) Bacayan 872 1,006 - 1,878 6) Banilad 62 508 569 - 1,139 7) Basak, Pardo 1,044 117 1,879 - 3,040 8) Basak, San Nicolas 3,735 201 3,015 - 6,951 9) Binaliw 434 9 - 106 549 10) Bonbon 293 335 - 320 948 11) Budla-an 392 116 - 15 523 12) Buhisan 637 1,200 163 - 2,000 13) Bulacao 1,533 168 2,641 - 4,342 14) Buot-taop 137 57 - 172 366 15) Busay 1,111 394 767 - 2,272 16) Calamba 575 773 952 - 2,300 17) Cambinocot 73 398 - - 471 18) Capitol Site 941 79 1,704 24 2,748 19) Carreta 550 87 914 - 1,551 20) Cogon Pardo 1,218 35 749 - 2,002 21) Cogon Ramos 19 111 586 - 716 22) Day-as 39 20 634 - 693 23) Duljo 511 1,597 1,215 - 3,323 24) Ermita 17 1,121 607 - 1,745 25) Guadalupe 3,086 1,698 5,043 - 9,827 26) Guba 406 481 - 18 905 27) Hipodromo 710 79 1,265 - 2,054 28) Inayawan 2,172 34 1,319 - 3,525 29) Kalubihan 8 8 117 - 133 30) Kalunasan 355 133 1,732 - 2,220 31) Kamagayan 44 47 323 - 414 32) Kamputhaw 624 151 3,126 - 3,901 33) Kasambagan 167 327 859 - 1,353 34) Kinasang-an 1,081 43 1,091 - 2,215 35) Labangon 4,690 603 660 - 5,953 36) Lahug 339 74 7,288 - 7,701 37) Lorega San Miguel 202 1,068 1,047 - 2,317 38) Lusaran 37 402 - 10 449 39) Luz 336 322 2,194 - 2,852 40) Mabini 110 180 - 23 313 41) Mabolo Proper 1,423 1,215 3,305 - 5,943 42) Malubog 299 111 - - 410 43) Mambaling 2,660 323 2,784 - 5,767 44) Pahina Central 135 589 676 - 1,400 45) Pahina San Nicolas 196 204 360 - 760 46) Pamutan 270 29 - - 299 47) Parian 77 64 236 - 377 48) Paril 160 90 - - 250

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Name of Barangay L I L II L III Non Potable Total 49) Pasil 17 468 1,214 - 1,699 50) Pit-os 661 48 - - 709 51) Poblacion Pardo 1,967 96 1,245 - 3,308 52) Pulang-bato 637 137 - 15 789 53) Pung-ol Sibugay 211 60 - - 271 54) Punta Princesa 2,161 2,155 592 - 4,908 55) Quiot, Pardo 1,141 366 1,406 - 2,913 56) Sambag I 365 197 2,682 - 3,244 57) Sambag II 180 788 1,868 - 2,836 58) San Antonio 11 15 393 - 419 59) San Jose 507 - 100 - 607 60) San Nicolas Proper 341 461 354 - 1,156 61) San Roque 38 603 417 - 1,058 62) Sapang-daku 384 135 318 - 837 63) Sawang Calero 217 796 532 - 1,545 64) Sinsin 164 105 - 218 487 65) Sirao 344 272 - 39 655 66) Sta. Cruz 37 59 445 - 541 67) Sto. Niño 8 30 253 - 291 68) Suba Pasil - 761 1,048 - 1,809 69) Sudlon I 247 105 - 75 427 70) Sudlon II 364 86 - 104 554 71) T. Padilla 370 912 898 - 2,180 72) Tabunan 51 137 - 27 215 73) Tagba-o 180 108 - 31 319 74) Talamban 564 489 2,843 - 3,896 75) Tap-tap 347 6 - 21 374 76) Tejero 289 1,279 1,964 - 3,532 77) Tinago 27 611 1,150 - 1,788 78) Tisa 5,387 403 661 - 6,451 79) To-ong 258 87 - 327 672 80) Zapatera 14 31 800 - 845

Total 52,501 29,167 74,099 1,616 157,383 Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

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Communication Telecommunication

As of 2005, there are eighteen (18) telecommunications provider in Cebu City

offering a variety of services from basic telephone service, cellular mobile telephone service, broadband service, domestic and international record carrier to public coastal service (refer to Table 33) and the designated areas they have served.

Table 33

Telecommunications Provider in Cebu City

Company Services Services Area

1) PLDT Basic Telephone Service Region wide

2) PILTEL Cellular Region wide

3) ISLACOM Basic Telephone/Broadband Service Region wide

4) SMART Cellular Mobile Telephone Service Region wide

5) ICC VSAT Region wide

6) GLOBE TELECOM Cellular Mobile Telephone Service Region wide

7) PT & T Domestic Record Carrier (leased line) Region wide

8) RCPI/BAYANTEL Domestic Record Carrier/ILD/Coastal Region wide

9) INFOCOM Paging Cebu City, Mandaue City & part of Mactan

10) TELOF Domestic Record Carrier (leased line) & Basic Telephone System Region wide

11) GMCR, INC. Int'l. Record Carrier (leased line) Region wide

12) RADIO MARINE PHILS, INC. Public Coastal Cebu City

13) TEODORO ROMASANTA Public Coastal Cebu City

14) UNIVERSAL TELECOM SYSTEM Public Coastal Cebu City

15) MERIDIAN TELEKOMS, INC. Value Added Service (wireless) Golden Peak Hotel, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

16) TEXTRON CORP. Value Added Service Region wide

17) ZENNITH TELECOMMUNICATION CO., INC. Public Coastal Metro Cebu

18) DIGITEL CORP. Cellular Mobile Telephone Service Region wide Source: National Telecommunication Commission, 2005

Cellular Mobile Telephone Service (CMTS) coverage for Cebu City was Globe, Islacom,

Smart, Piltel, Extelcom and Digitel3.

3 NTC: Islacom is merged with Globe Telecom, data as of June 2004; Piltel is merged with Smart, data as of August 2004;

Extelcom, data as of 1999; and Digitel, data as of June 2003.

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In 2004, the city has a total of 1,294,284 telephone lines. Of the said total, there were only 81,727 telephone subscribers/connections both residential and business establishments listed (refer to Table 34). A greater number of individuals favor using cellular mobile phones because of convenience and its accessibility.

Table 34

Number of Telephone Lines of Cebu City: 1995-2004

Year Telephone Lines 1995 47,992 1996 59,320 1997 97,805 1998 165,363 1999 190,979 2000 218,688 2001 219,369 2003 147,384 2004 147,384 Total 1,294,284

Subscribers 81,727 Source: National Telecommunication Commission, 2005

Cebu City has nested twenty-four (24) FM Radio stations, twelve (12) AM Radio

stations and five (5) television stations (refer to Table 35).

Table 35 Radio and TV Broadcast Stations

FM RADIO STATIONS

No. Frequency Call Sign Power Owner/Licensee Transmitter Location Address

1 88.3 MHZ DYAP 5.0 kw Southern Broadcasting Network, Inc. Quiot, Pardo, Cebu City Grown Bldg. 6th Rd., Reclamation

Area, Cebu City

2 89.1 MHZ DYDW 10 kw Filipinas Broadcasting Ass. (CWO)

USC Main Campus, Pelaez St., Cebu City USC Pelaez St., Cebu City

3 89.9 MHZ DYKI 5.0 kw Primax Broadcasting Network, Inc.

Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City

4 90.7 MHZ DYAC 20 kw Ermita Electronic Inc. (Ultrasonic Brdctg.)

Luisa Bldg., Fuente Osmeña, Cebu City

Luisa Bldg., Fuente Osmeña, Cebu City

5 91.5 MHZ DYES 10 kw Cebu Broadcasting Company

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

6 92.3 MHZ DYBN 20 kw Quest Broadcasting Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City

7 93.1 MHZ DYWF 3.0 kw Mareco Broadcasting Network

Pier 1, Port Area, Cebu City Port Area, Cebu City

8 93.9 MHZ DYXL 10 kw Radio Mindanao Network Brgy. Kalunasan, Guadalupe, Cebu City Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

9 94.7 MHZ DYLL 20 kw FBS radio Network, Inc. Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City Boys Scout Camp, Cebu City

10 95.5 MHZ DYMX 25 kw Consolidated Broadcasting Services M. Velez St., Cebu City M. Velez St., Cebu City

11 96.3 MHZ DYRK 10 kw Exodus Broadcasting Co.

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

12 97.9 MHZ DYBU 20 kw Manila Broadcasting Co. Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

13 98.7 MHZ DYFR 3.0 kw Far East Broadcasting Co., Inc. Banawa Hills, Cebu City Banawa Hills, Cebu City

14 99.5 MHZ DYRT 25 kw Republic Broadcasting System

Nivel Hills, Apas, Cebu City Nivel Hills, Apas, Cebu City

47

No. Frequency Call Sign Power Owner/Licensee Transmitter Location Address

15 100.3 MHZ DYRJ 20 kw Rajah Broadcasting Network

Centerpoint Hotel, Cebu City Centerpoint Hotel, Cebu City

16 101.1 MHZ DYIO 5.0 kw GVM Radio/TV Corp. Cebu Plaza Hotel, Cebu City Cebu Plaza Hotel, Cebu City

17 101.9 MHZ DYNC 5.0 kw Nation Broadcasting Corp.

Juana Osmeña, Cebu City Juana Osmeña, Cebu City

18 102.7 MHZ DYTS 10 kw Pacific Broadcasting System, Inc.

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

Golden Peak Tower, Gorordo Ave., Cebu City

19 103.5 MHZ DYCD Ditan Communication Busay Hills, Cebu City Ayala Center, Cebu City

20 104.3 MHZ DYEZ 10 kw United Visayan Broadcasting Corp. UV Colon St., Cebu City UV Colon St., Cebu City

21 105.1 MHZ DYUR 25 kw Ultimate Entertainment Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

22 105.9 MHZ DYBT 10 kw Audiovisual Communicators, Inc.

Kalunasan, Guadalupe, Cebu City Centerpoint Hotel, Cebu City

23 106.7 MHZ DYQC 25 kw Aliw Broadcasting Corp. Centerpoint Hotel, Cebu City Eggling Hilltop, Cebu City

24 107.5 MHZ DYNU 10 kw Progressive Broadcasting Corp.

14th Flr. Sundowner Hotel, Cebu City

14th Flr. Sundowner Hotel, Cebu City

14 99.5 MHZ DYRT 25 kw Republic Broadcasting System

Nivel Hills, Apas, Cebu City Nivel Hills, Apas, Cebu City

AM RADIO STATIONS

No. Frequency Call Sign Power Owner/Licensee Transmitter Location Address

1 540 KHZ DYRB 1.0 kw Radio Audience Dev't. Integrated Org. Mambaling, Cebu City C. Padilla St., Cebu City

2 576 KHZ DYMR 50 kw Radyo ng Bayan System CSCST Compd., V. Sotto, Cebu City

CSCST Compd., V. Sotto, Cebu City

3 612 KHZ DYHP 10 kw Radio Mindanao Network Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

4 648 KHZ DYRC 5.0 kw Manila Broadcasting Co. Fuente Osmeña, Cebu City Fuente Osmeña, Cebu City

5 765 KHZ DYAR 5.0 kw Nation Broadcasting Corp.

Juana Osmeña, Cebu City Juana Osmeña, Cebu City

6 909 KHZ DYLA 5.0 kw Vis Min. Confed. Of Trade Union Mambaling, Cebu City Port Area, Cebu City

7 963 KHZ DYMF 10 kw Peoples Broadcasting Services, Inc.

Alaska, Mambaling, Cebu City Borromeo St., Cebu City

8 999 KHZ DYSS 5.0 kw Republic Broadcasting System Nivel Hills, Cebu City Nivel Hills, Cebu City

9 1215 KHZ DYRT 10 kw Catholic Welfare Organization Mambaling, Cebu City USC Pelaez St., Cebu City

10 1260 KHZ DYDD 10 kw Sarraga Integrated Management Corp. MEPZ, Lapulapu City in front Toyota Ofc., Martinez,

Cebu City

11 1305 KHZ DYFX 10 kw Eagle Broadcasting Corp. Tangke, Talisay City Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

12 1584 KHZ DYAY 10 kw Allied broadcasting Center, Inc. Minglanilla, Cebu Albulario Bldg., Gen. Max., Cebu

City

TELEVISION STATIONS No. Frequency Call Sign Power Owner/Licensee Transmitter Location Address

1 CH. 6 DYCP 5.0 kw Southern Broadcasting Network, Inc.

San Carlos Heights, Pardo, Cebu City

San Carlos Heights, Pardo, Cebu City

2 CH. 7 DYSS 30 kw GMA 7 Busay Hills, Cebu City Nivel Hills, Cebu City 3 CH. 21 DYET 5.0 kw ABC Dev't. Corp. Camp Marina, Cebu City Centerpoint Hotel, Cebu City

4 CH. 23 DYAC 1.0 kw Amcara Broadcasting Network, Inc. Busay Hills, Cebu City Busay Hills, Cebu City

5 CH. 27 DYLS 10 kw Republic Broadcasting System Busay Hills, Cebu City Nivel Hills, Cebu City

48

The Pacific CATV, Inc. (Sky Cable) has catered the cable television of the entire city serving also the areas of Mandaue City, Consolacion, Talisay City and Minglanilla. Postal Communication

As of 2005, the City of Cebu has a total number of twelve (12) post offices. The

city’s postal density (ratio of population to post office) is placed at one post/barangay office for every 65,339 persons. This does not meet the standard of one post office for every 30,000 inhabitants and is also below the national figure of 1:21,448. The City has eighty-six (86) registered mail carriers making the mail carrier to population ratio of 1:9,117.

49

Environmental Elements Solid Waste Management

In an effort to improve solid waste management in the country, R.A. 9003, or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 was enacted. The framework aims to protect public health and safety and the environment as a whole through secure disposal of solid wastes. It calls for a gradual phase out of open dumping by requiring all local government units in the country to upgrade their existing open dumps to a more environmentally acceptable and secure method of waste disposal like a sanitary landfill.

Through Republic Act 7160, also known as the Local Government Code of the Philippines, functions such as those on solid waste management have already been devolved to the local government units, thus making the local chief executive as the final authority of any given locality. The Sangguniang Panlungsod of Cebu City enacted City Ordinance No 2017, dated October 19, 2004, laying the foundation for the enforcement of R.A. 9003 in the local level.

Cebu City is one of the few fortunate cities in the country that has implemented an environmentally sound method of waste disposal. The City has not only shown its concern but has likewise adopted a solution to its hounding garbage problem with the construction and operation of a sanitary landfill in Barangay Inayawan, based on the semi-aerobic landfill design.

The mayor of Cebu City is actively pursuing a public awareness campaign in support to the city’s solid waste management program. In 1997, he launched the “Clean and Green Hapsay Sugbo Program” which was designed to generate awareness on the problem of garbage disposal, three years ahead of the national law on solid waste management.

To ensure the success of the project and to coordinate the executive and legislative forces, the mayor also created the Cebu Environment and Sanitation Enforcement Team (CESET), which is mainly responsible with the enforcement of anti-littering ordinances and other related laws of the city.

To tap the expertise of existing local government agencies, private organizations, and non-government organizations, the mayor created the Solid Waste Management Board (SWMB) in 2003. This is a decision making body actively involved in policy-making, implementation and monitoring processes of solid wastes.

The city also has many civic and private initiatives, which are aimed at maintaining cleanliness and improving the solid waste management system of the city. The central office responsible for all cleaning and greening activities as well as management of solid waste in Cebu City is the Department of Public Services (DPS).

As per record of Department of Public Service in 2005, Cebu City has a total

collection of 70,926 tons of wastes for the 51 barangays (refer to Table 38).

50

Table 38 Barangay Waste Collection Data, 2005

NAME OF BARANGAY Volume of Garbage Collection (tons) NAME OF BARANGAY Volume of Garbage

Collection (tons) 1) Apas 2,295.94 48) T. Padilla 1,113.83 2) Bacayan 570.09 49) Talamban 1,370.26 3) Banilad 822.2 50) Tejero 873.52 4) Basak Pardo 1,942.31 51) Tisa 3,496.69 5) Basak San Nicolas 3,177.61 Total 70,926.00 6) Buhisan 614.12 7) Bulacao 2,494.98 8) Busay 365.78 9) Calamba 1,006.97 10) Capitol Site 4,870.50 11) Carreta 630.91 12) Cogon Pardo 822.12 13) Cogon Ramos 1,006.45 14) Day-As 702.25 15) Duljo 1,739.27 16) Ermita 2,085.32 17) Guadalupe 7,023.08 18) Inayawan 3,233.87 19) Kalubihan 620.48 20) Kalunasan 852.55 21) Kamagayan 558.42 22) Kamputhaw 2,485.01 23) Kasambagan 605.23 24) Kinasang-An 1,143.03 25) Labangon 1,994.59 26) Lahug 2,675.21 27) Lorega San Miguel 1,002.56 28) Luz 2,165.05 29) Mabolo Proper 2,150.10 30) Mambaling 2,958.63 31) Pahina Central 1,327.74 32) Parian 532.76 33) Pasil 1,489.59 34) Pit-Os 522.79 35) Poblacion Pardo 2,690.03 36) Pulangbato 350.46 37) Quiot 2,415.61 38) Sambag I 3,121.52 39) Sambag II 2,297.31 40) San Antonio 505.7 41) San Nicolas Proper 1,206.19 42) San Roque 613.13 43) Sapangdaku 122.21 44) Sawang Calero 1,178.62 45) Sta. Cruz 918.82 46) Sto. Nino 726.4 47) Suba Pasil 1,645.92 Source: Cebu City Department of Public Services, 2005

51

Drainage and Sewerage Management

As early as 1982, the Cebu City Government through Ordinance No. 1125, entitled, “Pollution Control Ordinance”, set guidelines and regulations in the discharge of industrial and other wastes into city’s air and bodies of water.

With the enactment of the R.A. 9275, otherwise known as the Clean Water Act of

2003, in addition to setting the requirements for sewerage and septage systems for highly urbanized cities (HUCs), the city shares the responsibility for the improvement and management of the water quality within its territorial jurisdiction. Drainage and sewerage systems are basic infrastructures that are a must for all developing and developed cities. These require appropriate planning and design that will have to consider efficient operation and maintenance to sustain the level of efficiency in conveying storm water and liquid waste from individual sources down to the main treatment facility.

In general, Metro Cebu has a combined drainage and sewerage system. This means

that storm water and domestic sewage are conveyed through a single pipeline, culvert or open canal and is directly discharged to rivers or into the sea with minimal treatment. Compounded with the uncollected solid waste, a number of these drainage systems are clogged and silted rendering them almost useless. Flooding of the City streets and low-lying areas are a common sight even during a slightly heavy rain. In addition, the storm water is contaminated by domestic and industrial waste.

Storm water and sewage from domestic waste are simply allowed to infiltrate into

the ground that in the process had affected our groundwater source. If present conditions would continue unabated, there is danger that the general populace would suffer heath risks as a result.

While having embarked on implementing quite a number of drainage system projects

the past several years, Cebu City still could not satisfy the overall drainage requirements even up to the level of the existing development. At present, there are still areas with out drainage, much more sewerage facilities.

Drainage and its efficient management is the responsibility of the Local Government Unit like the City of Cebu. This particular aspect is the responsibility of the Department of Engineering and Public Works (DEPW) being the technical and engineering arm of the City. Sewerage, however, is included in the mandate of MCWD although at this point in time, MCWD has not yet undertaken any sewerage implementation, operation and much more maintenance in any of the Metro Cebu LGUs, Cebu City’s sewerage system is not even serving a tenth of the requirements of the existing development.

In 2005, 84% of the household in the city has access to sanitary toilet or 116,064

houses in Cebu City have clean toilets to dispose their wastes (refer to Table 39).

52

Table 39 Number and Percentage of Households with Access to

Sanitary Toilets per Barangay, 2005

NAME OF BARANGAY Number of Households with Access to Sanitary

Toilets

Percentage of Households with Access to Sanitary

Toilets 1) Adlawon 390 62% 2) Agsungot 295 78% 3) Apas 3,316 98% 4) Babag 669 87% 5) Bacayan 1,741 92% 6) Banilad 914 80% 7) Basak, Pardo 2,775 91% 8) Basak, San Nicolas 5,898 85% 9) Binaliw 464 84% 10) Bonbon 588 62% 11) Budla-an 406 77% 12) Buhisan 1,834 92% 13) Bulacao 3,865 89% 14) Buot-taop 242 66% 15) Busay 1,474 93% 16) Calamba 2,100 91% 17) Cambinocot 395 79% 18) Capitol Site 2,638 97% 19) Carreta 1,385 89% 20) Cogon Pardo 1,870 93% 21) Cogon Ramos 676 94% 22) Day-as 660 95% 23) Duljo 2,958 89% 24) Ermita 856 49% 25) Guadalupe 8,903 91% 26) Guba 513 63% 27) Hipodromo 1,920 94% 28) Inayawan 2,960 84% 29) Kalubihan 129 97% 30) Kalunasan 2,087 94% 31) Kamagayan 319 77% 32) Kamputhaw 3,712 95% 33) Kasambagan 1,239 91% 34) Kinasang-an 1,940 86% 35) Labangon 5,500 92% 36) Lahug 7,395 96% 37) Lorega San Miguel 1,745 75% 38) Lusaran 295 65% 39) Luz 257 89% 40) Mabini 213 68% 41) Mabolo Proper 5,305 88% 42) Malubog 321 78% 43) Mambaling 4,075 71% 44) Pahina Central 1,134 81% 45) Pahina San Nicolas 726 96% 46) Pamutan 144 48%

53

NAME OF BARANGAY Number of Households with Access to Sanitary

Toilets

Percentage of Households with Access to Sanitary

Toilets 47) Parian 366 97% 48) Paril 196 78% 49) Pasil 1,095 64% 50) Pit-os 622 87% 51) Poblacion Pardo 3,186 96% 52) Pulang-bato 646 81% 53) Pung-ol Sibugay 216 80% 54) Punta Princesa 4,561 93% 55) Quiot, Pardo 2,801 95% 56) Sambag I 2,937 91% 57) Sambag II 2,617 92% 58) San Antonio 403 96% 59) San Jose 524 86% 60) San Nicolas Proper 1,105 96% 61) San Roque 959 91% 62) Sapang-daku 810 81% 63) Sawang Calero 1,409 91% 64) Sinsin 446 92% 65) Sirao 491 74% 66) Sta. Cruz 517 96% 67) Sto. Niño 285 98% 68) Suba Pasil 1,609 89% 69) Sudlon I 298 70% 71) T. Padilla 1,915 89% 70) Sudlon II 327 68% 72) Tabunan 161 74% 73) Tagba-o 178 55% 74) Talamban 3,685 94% 75) Tap-tap 198 52% 76) Tejero 3,193 90% 77) Tinago 155 87% 78) Tisa 6,038 94% 79) To-ong 347 52% 80) Zapatera 794 94%

Total 116,064 84% Source: Cebu City Health Department, 2005

Water Resource Management

The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) governs the majority of the

water resources found within Cebu City, which is under the jurisdiction of the Protected Areas Management Board (PAMB), which the Cebu City Government has a vague representation. City Ordinance No. 1997, or the Ordinance Creating the Cebu City Rivers Management Council (CCRMC), which protects the rivers as the city’s water resource was enacted.

Water resources in Metro Cebu have both physical and hydrological limitations in the

catchment area. MCWD estimates show that about 84 percent of the existing water supply for Metro Cebu is sourced from groundwater, primarily from the coastal aquifer. This

54

constitutes about 280,000 m3 per day of water extracted by MCWD and private well owners combined. At the present situation this source is already experiencing contamination from domestic sewage and from seawater intrusion.

There are other sources of water that are not yet developed because their

development requires a substantial amount of money and both the Local Government and the National Government could not afford the amount at this time. It is vital therefore that water resources development should continue. Managing what is distributed to the community through water conservation programs are key components for sustainable development. Hence, appropriate planning for water resource development sources protection and the corresponding water distribution systems are deemed very important.

Water resource and its development are under the control and management of

National Water Resources Board (NWRB), created through executive order 124-A, signed on July 22, 1987. NWRB is responsible for coordinating and integrating all activities related to water resources development and management. It formulates policies, evaluates and coordinates water resources programs, regulates and controls the utilization, exploitation, development and conservation of the country’s water resources. It also regulates the operations of water utilities. Specifically, it is tasked to issue water permits to various water users including water districts and water bottling companies.

The operation and distribution of water in Metro Cebu area is given to the Metro

Cebu Water District (MCWD), a quasi-public corporation organized under Presidential Decree 198. It is tasked to acquire, install, operate, maintain and improve water supply and distribution systems for domestic, industrial and municipal uses of residents within the boundaries of its coverage district that is Metro Cebu.

Other agencies, which have concern over waterworks development, are the Local

Water Utilities Administration (LWUA), established through Executive Order No. 52 in 1986 and the Provincial Waterworks and Development Task Force (PWDTF).

One of the unique functions of LWUA is that it provides funds (through lending) to

LGUs for water development projects while PWDTF provides the technical and engineering assistance for water development in the Province. Air Quality Management

Republic Act No. 8749, or the Clean Air Act of 1999, sets the national guidelines for the control of air pollution and management of air quality. Cebu City enacted Ordinance No. 1491 in January 27, 1994, which provides for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution, however, said ordinance mainly tackles issues on mobile source emissions and has left stationary source emissions, dust control, green house gases and other factors affecting local and global air pollution. There were issues arising from inconsistencies with the national law, the city’s ordinance being 5 years ahead of its time. On the other hand, as early as 1982, the Cebu City Government through Ordinance No. 1125, entitled, “Pollution Control Ordinance”, set guidelines and regulations in the discharge of industrial and other wastes into city’s air and bodies of water. However, this ordinance was largely unimplemented.

Air pollution is the presence of undesirable materials in air, in quantities large

enough to produce harmful effects. This may result to damage in human health, vegetation, human property, or the global environment. Air contaminants will also affect aesthetic

55

conditions in the form of brown or hazy air or unpleasant smells. The principal sources of these pollutants are human activities.

Air pollution sources are: 1a) combustion stationary sources (i. e., power stations

and industrial plants, incineration of wastes, open burning of agricultural wastes, and forest fires) and 1b) combustion mobile sources (i.e., internal combustion engine of automobiles), 2) land use changes and agricultural activities (i. e., change of forest land into farmland, change of grassland into farmland, and increasing consumption of fertilizer), 3) eruption of volcano, 4) regional war and oil well fire, and 5) indoor air pollution.

Most common air pollutants in the Philippines are: 1) total suspended solids (TSP),

2) sulfur dioxide, 3) nitrogen oxides, 4) photochemical oxidants, 5) carbon monoxide, and 6) lead.

Total suspended particulates are primarily comprised of small solid particles such as

dust, metallic and mineral particles, smoke, mist and acid fumes. Sulfur dioxide results from burning of fossil fuel where sulfur present in dry air is

converted into sulfur dioxide. When released in massive amounts, it may increase the acidity of the atmosphere.

Nitrogen oxides are mixtures of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide. The

presence of nitrogen oxides in air is largely derived from internal combustion engines and boilers. Agricultural activities and use of fertilizers are the other source of nitrogen oxides.

Photochemical oxidants are secondary air pollutants. These are the products of

photochemical reactions of hydrocarbons with relatively high concentrations of nitrogen oxides. Ozone (O3), oxidizing agents, and other trace substances which participate in the chemical reaction as oxidizing agents - this means they can oxidize other air pollutants - are considered photochemical oxidants.

Carbon monoxide is generated during incomplete combustion of organic matter.

About 80 % of the carbon monoxide found in urban air originates from motor vehicle exhausts, open fire and boiler.

Most lead entering into the atmosphere is traced to tetraethyl lead, which is used as

an octane improver in most motor gasoline in the world. The remaining sources of lead come from the remaining small amount of leaded gasoline, miscellaneous industrial processes, and waste incineration.

Table 40 below shows the initial list and values of the hazardous air pollutants with

the corresponding air quality guideline values for each criterion pollutant. These are considered national standards. These values refer to the concentration of air over specified periods classified as short-term and long-term, intended to serve as goals or objectives for the protection of health and/or public welfare.

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Table 40 National Ambient Air Quality Guidelines for Criteria Pollutant

Short Term Long Term

Pollutants Ug/Ncm ppm Averaging Time Ug/Ncm ppm Averaging

Time Suspended Particulate Matter ©

- TSP - PM 10

230 (d)

150 (f)

24 hours 24 hours

90 60

- -

1 year 1 year

Sulfur Dioxide © 180 0.07 24 hours 80 0.03 1 year

Nitrogen Dioxide 150 0.08 24 hours - - -

Photochemical oxidants 140 0.07 1 hour - - -

As Ozone 60 0.03 8 hours - - -

Carbon Monoxide 35 mg/Ncm 10 mg/Ncm

30 9

1 hour 2 hours

- -

- -

- -

Lead 1.5 - 3 months g) 1.0 - 1 year

a) Maximum limits represented by 98 % values not to exceed more than once a year. b) Arithmetic mean. c) SO2 and Suspended Particulate Matter are sampled once every 6 days when using the manual methods. A minimum of 12

sampling days per quarter or 48 sampling days each year is required for these methods. Daily sampling may be done in the future once continuous analyzers are procured and become available.

d) Limits for Total Suspended Particulate Matter with mass median diameter less than 25-50 micrometer. e) Annual Geometric Mean. f) Provisional limits for suspended Particulate Matter with mass median diameter less than 10 microns and below until sufficient

monitoring data are gathered to base a proper guideline. g) Evaluation of this guideline is carried out for 24-hours averaging time and averaged over 3 moving calendar months. The

monitored average value for any 3 months shall not exceed the guideline value Source: Republic Act No. 8749 or The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999.

57

City Officials

North District Councilors

Hon. Tomas R. Osmeña CITY MAYOR

Hon. Michael L. Rama CITY VICE MAYOR

Hon. Hilario P. Davide III

Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development hdavide@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Nestor D. Archival Sr.

Committee on Infrastructure Committee on Parks and Playground, Wildlife,

Ecology and Environmental Management narchival@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Sylvan B. Jakosalem

Committee on Games, Amusements and Sports Committee on Energy, Transportation,

Communications and Other Utilities sjakosalem@cebucity.gov.ph

58

Hon. Edgardo C. Labella

Committee on Laws, Ordinances, Public Accountability and Good Government

elabella@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Christopher I. Alix

Committee on Markets Committee on Health, Hospital Services and

Sanitation calix@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Edwin R. Jagmoc Sr.

Committee on Public Services ejagmoc@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Lea Ouano-Japson

Committee on Family and Women

Hon. Augustus G. Pe Jr.

Committee on Public Order and Safety junpe@cebucity.gov.ph

59

South District Councilors

Hon. Rodrigo A. Abellanosa

Committee on Social Services rabellanosa@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Eduardo R. Rama Jr.

Committee on Labor, Employment, Livelihood and Manpower Development and Placement

erama@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Gerardo A. Carillo

Committee on Urban Planning and Development Committee on Education, Arts, Culture, Science

and Technology gcarillo@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Arsenio C. Pacaña

Committee on Trade, Commerce, Cooperatives and Entrepreneurship

Committee on Tourism and Local International Relations

apacana@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Raul D. Alcoseba

Committee on Traffic Management ralcoseba@cebucity.gov.ph

60

Hon. Jose C. Daluz III

Committee on Budget and Finance jdaluz@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Richard Z. Osmeña

Committee on Housing

Hon. Roberto A. Cabarrubias

Committee on Information Technology racabarrubias@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Eugenio F. Faelnar Association of Barangay Captains

PRESIDENT

Committee on Barangay Affairs efaelnar@cebucity.gov.ph

Hon. Glena C. Bontuyan Sangguniang Kabataan

CHAIR

Committee on Youth and Sports Development gbontuyan@cebucity.gov.ph

61

Departments / Offices

Frontline Services

Cebu City Police Office Sr. Supt. Patrocinio Comendador Jr.

Cebu City Fire Department Fire Marshal Esmael C. Codilla

Cebu City Medical Center (CCMC) Dr. Myrna R. Go

Cebu City Office on Substance Abuse Prevention (COSAP)

Mr. Jolito Lazarte

Cebu Traffic Operations Management (CITOM) Mr. Arnel C. Tancinco

City Agriculture Department (CAD) Mr. Joelito l. Baclayon

City Health Department (CHD) Dr. Fe. A. Cabugao

City Parks and Playground Commission Ms. Marietta J. Ebo

Department of Engineering and Public Works (DEPW) Engr. Antonio B. Sanchez

Department of Manpower Development & Placement (DMDP)

Ms. Edna J. Jaca

Department of Public Services (DPS) Engr. Dionisio S. Gualiza

Department of Social Welfare Services (DSWS) Ms. Catherine R. Yso

Department of Veterinary Medicine & Fisheries (DVMF) Dr. Alice T. Utlang

Division for the Welfare of the Urban Poor (DWUP) Engr. Danilo R. Gabiana

Office of the City Civil Registry (OCCR) Atty. Evangeline T. Abatayo

Revenue Services

City Assessor’s Office (CAO) Mr. Eustaquio B. Cesa

City Treasurer’s Office (CTO) Ms. Tessie C. Camarillo

Support Services Cebu City Resource Management & Development Center (CREMDEC)

Mr. Rene B. Sanapo

City Budget Office Ms. Nelfa R. Briones

General Services Office (GSO) Ms. Ester E. Cubero

Internal Control Office (ICO) Ms. Remedios B. Belderol

Management Information & Computer Services (MICS) Mr. William Cris V. Artajo

Office of the City Accountant Ms. Marietta Gumia

Office of the City Administrator Mr. Francisco L. Fernandez

Office of the City Secretary Ms. Estrella F. De Los Reyes

Office of the Mayor Executive Staff Mr. Agapito F. Cugay Jr.

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Support Services

Personnel Transaction Services Atty. Ralph J. Sevilla

Protocol Office

Public Information Office (PIO) Mr. Nagiel B. Banacia

Policies and Planning Services

City Legal Office (CLO) Atty. Rodolfo P. Golez

City Planning & Development Office (CPDO) Engr. Nigel Paul C. Villarete

Office of the Mayor Hon. Tomas R. Osmeña

Sangguniang Panlungsod (SP) Ms. Estrella F. Delos Reyes

63

Barangay Captains

NORTH DISTRICT

URBAN BARANGAYS RURAL BARANGAYS

APAS Ramil Ayuman ADLAON Nieves Narra

BANILAD Maryluz Tabar AGSUNGOT Jong-jong Alcover

BUSAY Eliodoro Sanchez BACAYAN Zenaida Colina

CAPITOL SITE Erwin Guanzon BINALIW Wilson Bacor

CARRETA Eduardo Lauron BUDLAAN Nerissa Antolijao

COGON-RAMOS Noel Godiz CAMBINOCOT Cesario Doncillo

DAY-AS Rey Ellery Cañada GUBA Rene Limotan

ERMITA Felicisimo Rupinta LUSARAN Armando Ermac

HIPODROMO Petronilo Fat MABINI Rey Oybenes

KALUBIHAN Rick Millan MALUBOG Federico Bontilao

KAMAGAYAN Celestino Avila PARIL Casimiro Pilones

KAMPUTHAW Lorenzo Basamot PIT-OS Nilo Tariman

KASAMBAGAN Jun Lim PULANGBATO Mary Velasquez

LAHUG Mary Ann De los Santos SAN JOSE Mary Arinasa

LORETA SAN MIGUEL Lorenzo Monsanto SIRAO Felix Limotan

LUZ Nida Cabrera TAPTAP Teresita Tabal

MABOLO Rey Ompoc

PAHINA CENTRAL Sesinio Andales

PARIAN Mark Balaga

SAMBAG I Jerry Guardo

SAMBAG II Carl Stephen Belarmino

SAN ANTONIO Allan Masecampo

SAN ROQUE Rogelio Ruizo

SANTA CRUZ Jerome Lim

SANTO NIÑO Pancho Ramirez

TALAMBAN Alvin Arcilla

TEJERO Jesielou Cadungog

TINAGO Domingo Lopez

T. PADILLA Michael Ralota

ZAPATERA Jose Marino Benedicto

64

SOUTH DISTRICT

URBAN BARANGAYS RURAL BARANGAYS

BASAK PARDO Dave Tumulak BABAG Rita Sabal

BASAK SAN NICOLAS George Rama BONBON Alexander Ebarita

BULACAO Romeo Alit BUHISAN Rustica Asid

CALAMBA Victor Quijano BUOT-TAUP Richie Sibla

COGON PARDO Eugenio Gabuya KALUNASAN Edelito Mabano

DULJO FATIMA Elmer Abella PAMUTAN Nenita Bacus

GUADALUPE Eugenio Faelnar PUNG-OL SIBUGAY Joe Cadampug

INAYAWAN Rustom Ignacio SAPANGDAKU Henry Labra

KINASANG-AN Susan Enriquez SINSIN Ramon Ylaya

LABANGON Felix Abella SUDLON I Eglen Cabiles

MAMBALING Rodolfo Estella SUDLON II Prescillo Albores

PAHINA SAN NICOLAS Tony Caruzca TABUNAN Bernabe Arcayan

PASIL Romeo Ocarol TAG-BAO Elvis Tabal

POBLACION PARDO Danilo Lim TOONG Teotimo Bacalso

PUNTA PRINCESA Rolly Diorico

QUIOT Vicente Ramos Jr.

SAN NICOLAS PROPER Edgar Lauron

SAWANG CALERO Benjamin Zabate

SUBA Joel Sable

TISA Eduardo Cabulao

65

Printed January 2008

For inquiries, please contact:

City Planning and Development Office

8/F Executive Building, Cebu City Hall, MC Briones St. Brgy. Sto. Niño, Cebu City, Cebu 6000

Telephone No. (032) 255-7380/255-1884